Effects of Air, Microwave, and Microvacuum Drying on Brown Rice Quality

Park, Inmyoung,Park, Jong-Dae,Lee, Hyun-Yu,Kum, Jun-Seok The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.4

Proper hulling and drying are critical components of brown rice quality. Two medium grain rice varieties were examined for grain qualities including husking, cracking, germination ratio, color, hardness, and fat acidity after drying with 15, 30, and $45^{\circ}C$ air, as well as at 100 and 200 W microwave, and microwave-vacuum, respectively. Unlike impeller dehuller, rubber roller dehuller could not process rice with 22% moisture content. Brown rice varieties with 22% moisture content after dehulling were dried at 15, 30, and $45^{\circ}C$ until moisture content reached 15%; the drying ratios for each temperature were 1.02, 2.55, and 3.46 %/h, respectively. When brown rice varieties were dried at below $30^{\circ}C$, no significant changes were observed in physico-chemical properties, whereas the cracking ratio increased significantly. Microwave-vacuum drying resulted in higher reductions of germination ratio and fat acidity than with the microwave only at 100 W as well as reduced drying time over microwave drying.

Glycoconjugates synthesized via transglycosylation by a thermostable α-glucosidase from Thermoplasma acidophilum and its glycosynthase mutant

Park, Inmyoung,Lee, Heeseob,Cha, Jaeho Springer-Verlag 2014 Biotechnology letters Vol.36 No.4

Physicochemical and Microbiological Change of Dry-aged Pork

Oh Seong Nam,Inmyoung Park 한국식생활문화학회 2019 한국식생활문화학회학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.05

New Chemical Constituents from Oryza sativa Straw and Their Algicidal Activities against Blue-Green Algae

Ahmad, Ateeque,Kim, Seung-Hyun,Ali, Mohd,Park, Inmyoung,Kim, Jin-Seog,Kim, Eun-Hye,Lim, Ju-Jin,Kim, Seul-Ki,Chung, Ill-Min American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.61 No.34

<P>Five new constituents, 5,4′-dihydroxy-7,3′-dimethoxyflavone-4′-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-<I>O</I>-β-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-2c-octadecanoate (<B>1</B>), 5,4′-dihydroxy-7,3′-dimethoxyflavone-4′-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-2d-octadecanoate (<B>2</B>), kaempferol-3-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-2d-hexadecanoate (<B>3</B>), methyl salicylate-2-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2d→1e)-2d-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2e→1f)-2e-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2f→1g)-2f-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-(2g→1h)-2g-<I>O</I>-α-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-xylopyranosyl-2h-geranilan-8′,10′-dioic acid-1′-oate (<B>4</B>), and oleioyl-β-<SMALL>d</SMALL>-arabinoside (<B>5</B>), along with eight known compounds, were isolated from a methanol extract of Oryza sativa straw. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopies in combination with IR, ESI/MS, and HR-ESI/FTMS. In bioassays with blue-green algae, the efficacies of the algicidal activities of the five new compounds (<B>1</B>–<B>5</B>) were evaluated at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 mg/L. Compound <B>5</B> had the highest growth inhibition (92.6 ± 0.3%) for Microcystis aeruginosa UTEX 2388 at a concentration of 100 ppm (mg/L). Compound <B>5</B> has high potential for the ecofriendly control of weeds and algae harmful to water-logged rice.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2013/jafcau.2013.61.issue-34/jf402145u/production/images/medium/jf-2013-02145u_0004.gif'></P>

Development of High Cordycepin-Producing Cordyceps militaris Strains

( Naru Kang ),( Hyun-hee Lee ),( Inmyoung Park ),( Young-su Seo ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.1

Cordyceps militaris, known as Dong-Chong-Xia-Cao, produces the most cordycepin among Cordyceps species and can be cultured artificially. For these reasons, C. militaris is widely used as herb or functional food in the East Asia. In this study, we developed a new strain of C. militaris that produces higher cordycepin content than parent strains through mating-based sexual reproduction. Twenty parent strains were collected and identified as C. militaris based on internal trasncrived spacer and rDNA sequences. Seven single spores of MAT 1-1 idiomorph and five single spores of MAT 1-2 idiomorph were isolated from 12 parent strains. When 35 combinations were mated on the brown rice medium with the isolated single spores, eight combinations formed a stroma with a normal perithecia and confirmed mated strains. High pressure liquid chromatography analysis showed that mated strain KSP8 produced the most cordycepin in all the media among all the tested strains. This result showed due to genetic recombination occurring during the sexual reproduction of C. militaris. The development of C. militaris strain with increased cordycepin content by this approach can help not only to generate new C. militaris strains, but also to contribute to the health food or medicine industry.

Computational Identification and Comparative Analysis of Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins in Six Burkholderia Species

Nguyen, Thao Thi,Lee, Hyun-Hee,Park, Jungwook,Park, Inmyoung,Seo, Young-Su The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.2

As a step towards discovering novel pathogenesis-related proteins, we performed a genome scale computational identification and characterization of secreted and transmembrane (TM) proteins, which are mainly responsible for bacteria-host interactions and interactions with other bacteria, in the genomes of six representative Burkholderia species. The species comprised plant pathogens (B. glumae BGR1, B. gladioli BSR3), human pathogens (B. pseudomallei K96243, B. cepacia LO6), and plant-growth promoting endophytes (Burkholderia sp. KJ006, B. phytofirmans PsJN). The proportions of putative classically secreted proteins (CSPs) and TM proteins among the species were relatively high, up to approximately 20%. Lower proportions of putative type 3 non-classically secreted proteins (T3NCSPs) (~10%) and unclassified non-classically secreted proteins (NCSPs) (~5%) were observed. The numbers of TM proteins among the three clusters (plant pathogens, human pathogens, and endophytes) were different, while the distribution of these proteins according to the number of TM domains was conserved in which TM proteins possessing 1, 2, 4, or 12 TM domains were the dominant groups in all species. In addition, we observed conservation in the protein size distribution of the secreted protein groups among the species. There were species-specific differences in the functional characteristics of these proteins in the various groups of CSPs, T3NCSPs, and unclassified NCSPs. Furthermore, we assigned the complete sets of the conserved and unique NCSP candidates of the collected Burkholderia species using sequence similarity searching. This study could provide new insights into the relationship among plant-pathogenic, humanpathogenic, and endophytic bacteria.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Type VI System Clusters and Effectors in Burkholderia Species

Nguyen, Thao Thi,Lee, Hyun-Hee,Park, Inmyoung,Seo, Young-Su The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.1

Type VI secretion system (T6SS) has been discovered in a variety of gram-negative bacteria as a versatile weapon to stimulate the killing of eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic competitors. Type VI secretion effectors (T6SEs) are well known as key virulence factors for important pathogenic bacteria. In many Burkholderia species, T6SS has evolved as the most complicated secretion pathway with distinguished types to translocate diverse T6SEs, suggesting their essential roles in this genus. Here we attempted to detect and characterize T6SSs and potential T6SEs in target genomes of plant-associated and environmental Burkholderia species based on computational analyses. In total, 66 potential functional T6SS clusters were found in 30 target Burkholderia bacterial genomes, of which 33% possess three or four clusters. The core proteins in each cluster were specified and phylogenetic trees of three components (i.e., TssC, TssD, TssL) were constructed to elucidate the relationship among the identified T6SS clusters. Next, we identified 322 potential T6SEs in the target genomes based on homology searches and explored the important domains conserved in effector candidates. In addition, using the screening approach based on the profile hidden Markov model (pHMM) of T6SEs that possess markers for type VI effectors (MIX motif) (MIX T6SEs), 57 revealed proteins that were not included in training datasets were recognized as novel MIX T6SE candidates from the Burkholderia species. This approach could be useful to identify potential T6SEs from other bacterial genomes.

Characterization of Newly Bred Cordyceps militaris Strains for Higher Production of Cordycepin through HPLC and URP-PCR Analysis

( Hyun-hee Lee ),( Naru Kang ),( Inmyoung Park ),( Jungwook Park ),( Inyoung Kim ),( Jieun Kim ),( Namgyu Kim ),( Jae-yun Lee ),( Young-su Seo ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.7

Cordyceps militaris, a member of Ascomycota, a mushroom referred to as caterpillar Dongchung- ha-cho, is commercially valuable because of its high content of bioactive substances, including cordycepin, and its potential for artificial cultivation. Cordycepin (3`- deoxyadenosine) is highly associated with the pharmacological effects of C. militaris. C. militaris is heterothallic in that two mating-type loci, idiomorph MAT1-1 and MAT1-2, exist discretely in two different spores. In this study, nine C. militaris strains were mated with each other to prepare newly bred strains that produced a larger amount of cordycepin than the parent strains. Nine strains of C. militaris were identified by comparing the internal transcribed spacer sequence, and a total of 12 single spores were isolated from the nine strains of C. militaris. After the MAT idiomorph was confirmed by PCR, 36 mating combinations were performed with six single spores with MAT1-1 and the others with MAT1-2. Eight mating combinations were successfully mated, producing stroma with perithecia. Cordycepin content analysis of all strains by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that the KASP4- bred strain produced the maximum cordycepin among all strains, regardless of the medium and stroma parts. Finally, universal rice primer-PCR was performed to demonstrate that the bred strains were genetically different from the parental strains and new C. militaris strains. These results may be related to the recombination of genes during mating. The newly produced strains can be used to meet the industrial demand for cordycepin. In addition, breeding through mating suggests the possibility of producing numerous cordycepin-producing C. militaris strains.