Extended Culture of Bone Marrow with Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Generates Immunosuppressive Cells

Na, Hye Young,Sohn, Moah,Ryu, Seul Hye,Choi, Wanho,In, Hyunju,Shin, Hyun Soo,Park, Chae Gyu 한국조명·전기설비학회 2018 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol. No.

<P>Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) are generated from bone marrow (BM) cells cultured with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for a week. In this study we investigated the effect of duration on the BM culture with GM-CSF. Within several months, the cells in the BM culture gradually expressed homogeneous levels of CD11c and major histocompatibility complex II on surface, and they became unable to stimulate allogeneic naïve T cells in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). In addition, when the BM culture were sustained for 32 wk or longer, the BM cells acquired ability to suppress the proliferation of allogeneic T cells in MLR as well as the response of ovalbumin-specific OT-I transgenic T cells in antigen-dependent manner. We found that, except for programmed death-ligand 1, most cell surface molecules were expressed lower in the BM cells cultured with GM-CSF for the extended duration. These results indicate that BM cells in the extended culture with GM-CSF undergo 2 distinct steps of functional change; first, they lose the immunostimulatory capacity; and next, they gain the immunosuppressive ability.</P>

柔道 競技內容에 關한 硏究 : 국가대표 최종 선발전을 중심으로 centering around final elimination match of the national representative

羅采珍,姜忠植 公州大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 1996 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.10

A tournament which is held for National Judo matches and the selection of national representative. We investigate the skill of recording and faul. We come to the conclusion as follows in light weight matches the frequency of using techniques a low centered hand-skill like soei-mage was most popular skill and used small techniques such as kosoto-gari, kouchi-gari and so on in heavy weight games use a high centered and widely appled techniques such as Harai-goshi. A) In Extra Light weight games the Frequency of using techniques are kosoto-gake 19.5%, Ykoguruma, Yoko-shiho-gateme, kouch-gari 3.2% in that order B) In half Light weight Games Kouchi-gari 31.8%, is most frequent techniques C) In light weight Games the Frequency of using techniques are kani-uchi-gari 17.3%, kami-shino-gatame, ko-kesa-aori, Harai-tsurikomi-ashi in that order D) In half middle weight Games the frequency of using techniques are seoi-nage 16.1%, kouch-gari, kani-uchi-gari Yokegake 3.2%, uchimate E) In middle weight Games the frequency of using techniques are seoinage 27.8%, uchimate, kani-uchi-gari 11.1% Hon-kesa-gatame in that order F) In Half heavy weight Games the frequency of using techniques are uchi-mate 21.4%, Tate-shiho-gatame, Harai-goshi, O-sot-gari 3.6%, in that order G) In Heavy weight Games the frequency of using techniques are o-soto-gari 15.0%, Harai-goshi, ko-kesa-gari, kani-shino-gatame 2.5% [counter measure] A) We have to develope the skill of defence and attack that is uchi-mata o-soto-gari and so on B) In Light matches, higher frequency of waist skill We need to preparation C) Heavy weight athletes need to the skill of Hon-kesa-gatame.

하악과두에 발생된 연골종

나채영,최갑식,신홍인 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1992 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.9 No.1

저자들은 우측 악관절부의 지속적인 둔통과 불편감을 주소로 경북대학교 병원 치과에 내원한 32세 남자 환자에서 임상·방사선학적 검사와 조직병리학적 검사를 통해 하악과두에 발생된 외연골종으로 진단하고 아래와 같은 사항을 관찰하였다. 1. 임상적으로 우측 관절부에 둔통을 동반한 종창과 개구제한 및 관절잡음이 있었다. 2. 방사선학적으로 악관절 측방 단층 X선사진상에서 우측 하악과두의 피질골상에 반월형의 침습과 경화가 나타났고, 전산화 단층 X선사진상에서는 경계가 분명한 연조직괴가 관찰되었다. 3. 조직병리학적으로 불규칙하게 증식된 연골세포들은 특기할 형태적 변화없이 초자양 연골기질내에 군집되었으며 골화양상없이 국소적인 석회화가 관찰되었다. The chondroma, a benign tumor made up of mature hyaline cartilage, is uncommon in the bones of the maxilla and mandible. The authors report a case of periosteal chondroma arising on the right mandibular condyle neck in 32-year-old male with review of literature. The clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings were as follows: 1. The patient complained of continuous dull pain and swelling on the right mandibular condyle area for 3 years. 2. Radiographically, semilunar-shaped erosion with marginal sclerosis was evident on the cortical bone of right mandibular condyle. The computed tomograph also revealed well-defined soft tissue mass at the same area. 3. Microscopically, this lesion was composed of mature lobules of hyaline cartilage. The proliferated small chondrocytes arranged into clusters without atypia revealed focal calcification.

함치성낭종과 단방성 법랑모세포종의 감별에 관한 방사선학적 연구

나채영,최갑식 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1993 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study was to obtain some informations for the radiographic differential diagnosis between dentigerous cysts and unicystic ameloblastomas in the mandible. The authors observed and compared the clinico-radiographic features of 38 cases of dentigerous cyst and 32 cases of unicystic ameloblastoma associated with impacted mandibular molar. The obtained results were as follows: Dentigerous cysts occurred the most frequently in the 3rd decade, but unicystic ameloblastomas in the 2nd decade, and both lesions occurred with slight predilection in males. Average of lesional size of unicystic ameloblastomas was larger than that of dentigerous cysts, and lesions of over 25㎠ were only in unicystic ameloblastomas. Cortical thinning and expansion were more frequently observed in unicystic ameloblastomas at 72.9% than in dentigerous cysts at 15.8%. Dentigerous cysts showed smooth border at 89.5%, but unicystic ameloblastomas showed smooth border at 53.1% and scalloped border at 46.9%. Dentigerous cysts showed well-defined outline at 81.6%, but unicystic ameloblastomas showed well-defined outline at 53.1% and moderate-defined outline at 46.9%. In both lesions, the mandibular 3rd molar was the most frequent causative tooth. Average of distance between the cemento-enamel junction and lesional wall attachment of the causative tooth was longer in unicystic ameloblastomas than in dentigerous cysts. Severe displacement of causative tooth was more frequent in unicystic ameloblastomas at 62.5% than in dentigerous cysts at 23.7%. Dentigerous cysts showed homogeneous lesional radiolucency at 89.5%, but unicystic ameloblastomas showed inhomogeneous lesional radiolucency at 53.1%. Root resorption of adjacent tooth and displacement of mandibular canal were more frequent in unicystic ameloblastomas at 65.2% and 61.5% than in dentigerous cysts at 15.8% and 38.1% respectively.

다시마 추출액의 점성과 향미 개선을 위한 볶음처리 조건

김나미,박명한,전병선,박채규,양재원 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.5

다시마 추출액의 향미와 물성을 개선하기 위하여 볶음처리에 의한 품질변화를 조사하고 최적 볶음조건을 선정하였다. 추출액의 상징액율과 고형분수율 및 조단백질 수율은 볶음온도와 시간이 증가할수록 높아졌다. Algin의 함량은 볶음온도 175℃에서 가장 높았고,회분의 함량은 볶음온도가 증가할수록 많아졌다. 추출액의 점도는 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 낮아졌으며 175℃, 10분 볶음처리할 때 점도 감소가 뚜렷하였다. 추출액 의 pH는 볶음온도 150℃까지는 다소 낮아지는 경향이었으며 175℃ 이상의 볶음처리 시 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 다소 높아졌다. 볶음온도와 시간이 증가함에 따라 명도(L값)은 감소하였고, 적색도(a값)과 황색도(b값)은 증가하다가 a값은 200℃ 15분처리, b값은 175℃, 30분 처리 이후에서 각각 감소되기 시작하였다. 다시마 추출액의 냄새는 175℃에서 볶음처리하였을 때 고소한 냄새가 크게 증가하고 메스꺼운 냄새가 뚜렷하게 감소되어 전체적인 기호도가 가장 높았다. 구수한 맛과 해조맛은 175℃에서 고소한 맛이 증가되면서 메스꺼운 맛이 뚜렷하게 감소되었고 200℃ 이상에서는 탄맛이 많아져 전체적인 맛의 기호도는 175℃에서 가장 좋은 것으로 평가되었다. 이상의 결과를 종 합하여 볼 때 다시마를 175℃에서 10분간 볶음처리하는 것이 다시마 추출액에서 좋지 않은 향미를 개선하고 점성을 감소시키기에 적합하였다. Roasting conditions for improvement of viscosity and sensory properties of sea tangle extracts were investigated. The supernatant %, solid yield and crude protein yield were increased by increasing of roasting temperature and times. The highest contents of algin was obtained in roasting temperature of 175℃, ash contents were increased by roasting temperature increasing. Viscosities of sea tangle extract were significantly decreased by increasing of roasting temperature and time upto 175℃ and 10 mins more than further roasting conditions. The pH of sea tangle extracts slightly decreased from 5.94 to 5.83 in the roasting of 150℃, however, at temperature more than 175℃, its pH was increased by increasing of temperature and time. According to increase of roasting temperature and time, Lightness (L value) were significantly decreased and redness (a value) and yellowness (b value) reached the highest value in the roasting of 200℃, 15 min. or 175℃, 30 min. and after that, its value were decreased. The odor characteristics showed that sea tangle extract prepared by roasting of 175℃, 10 min. was significantly low in intensity of nauseous odor and high in intensity of roasted odor and acceptability. The taste characteristics showed that sea tangle extract prepared by roasting of 175℃, 10mins was slightly reduced in intensity of savory and seaweed taste but significantly low in intensity of nauseous taste and high in intensity of roasted taste and acceptability. Overall data suggested 175℃, 10 min. was the most effective roasting conditions for improvement of viscosity and sensory properties of sea tangle extract.

여러 가지 식품첨가제에 의한 Algin 용액의 유동 특성

김나미,박명한,전병선,박채규,양재원 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

알긴을 액상제품에 이용하기 위하여 algin의 농도와 수용액의 pH, 온도 변화에 의한 algin의 유동특성과 산미제, 감미제, 기타 첨가물이 algin의 점성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 알긴 용액은 회전속도가 동일할 때는 농도가 높을수록 점도가 증가하였고 0.4% 농도까지는 dilatant형, 0.5% 이상에서는 pseudoplastic형 유체의 특성을 나타냈다. 알긴 용액의 pH가 5.5일 때 점도가 가장 높았고 pH 5.5 이하에서는 산성일수록 점도가 낮아졌으며, pH 7.0 이상에서는 점도의 변화가 없었다. 온도가 낮을수록 점도가 높았고, 가열함에 따라 용해시간이 단축되었으며 80℃이상의 가열에 의하여 점도가 다소 낮아졌다. 산미제에 의해 알긴의 점도는 pH 의존적으로 pH 3.2∼3.3에서 점도가 가장 낮았고 pH 3.0 이하에서는 gel이 형성되었다. 감미제는 알긴 용액의 점도에 영향을 주지 않았다. 무기염류 중 NaCl과 KCl은 점도를 감소시켰으며 MgCl_2와 CaCl_2는 점도를 증가시켰고, FeCl_3 첨가는 점도 증가효과가 커서 0.1% 첨가에 의햐여 gel이 형성되었다. 아미노산 중 glutamic acid는 1.0% 첨가 시에 점도 감소효과가 있었으며 다른 아미노산은 변화를 나타내지 않았다. In order to obtain data for use of algin in drink making process, solution properties of algin have been investigated at various condition of algin concentration, temperature, pH and various food additives. At same revolution velosity, viscosities of algin were increased as algin concentration raised. Algin solution showed dilatant type flow in concentration of 0.25% to 0.4%, but pseudoplastic type flow in above 0.5%. A maximum viscosity of algin was observed at pH 5.5 ad its viscosities were also decreased as the temperature increased and heating at 80℃ above. Organic acids affected on the viscosity of algin with pH dependently, and gel formed in pH below 3.0. Sweetners have no effect to the viscosity of algin. However, addition of NaCl and KCl upto 1.0% decreased a little its viscosity and CaCl_2, MgCl_2 and FeCl_3 increased the viscosity of algin. Glutamic acid decreased the viscosity of algin.

부분적 무치아증 : 다수 치아의 선천성 결손 Congenitally multiple teeth missing

박상억,나채영,최갑식 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1992 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.9 No.1

1984년에서 1991년까지 경북대 병원 치과에 내원하여 파노라마 방사선사진을 촬영한 환자들 중 선천성 결손치의 수가 4개 이상인 부분적 무치아증 환자 44명(남자 22명, 여자 22명)에서 나타난 401개의 선천성 결손치를 조사분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 결손치의 수는 4개에서 22개로 다양하였으며 5개의 치아가 결손된 경우가 8증례로 가장 많았다. 2. 각 치아별 호발빈도는 상악 제2소구치, 하악 제2소구치, 상악 측절치, 하악 제1소구치순이었다. 3. 결손치가 양측성으로 발생한 경우는 약 60∼70%였다. 4. 치열의 4 quardrant 모두에서 결손된 치아는 제2소구치가 가장 많았다. The expression of congenitally missing teeth may range from one or a few missing teeth(hypodontia) to the agenesis of numerous teeth(oligodontia) to the failure of all the teeth to develop(anodontia), but clinically the term of oligodontia means four or more congenitally missing teeth in dentition. The authors observed 44 patients of oligodontia cases especially having four or more missing teeth who came to the Dental Infirmary of Kyungpook National University Hospital. In this study, all of 44 patients represented congenitally missing teeth bilaterally. Thirty-eight patients represented that missing teeth were found bilaterally in both jaws, but only four patients in the upper jaw and two patients in the lower jaw. And the maxillary second premolar was absent most frequently, followed by the mandibular second premolar, the maxillary lateral incisor, the maxillary first premolar, in descending order of frequency.

實生活 問題解決에 關한 自己評價尺度의 開發

朴鎭玹,羅東晉,宋在鴻 全北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1987 學生生活硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Only a few studies have explicitly attended to the personal problem-solving process within the counseling literature, perhaps due in part to the dearth of relevant assessment instruments. An individual's self-appraisal of his or her problem-solving ability will affect his or her problem-solving performance. This study examines the dimensions underlying the applied problem-solving process and describes the development of a Real-life Problem Solving Instrument (RPSI) based on factor-analysis results. In addition, the study delineates initial reliability and validity estimates of the instrument. Data were collected from three samples of students (ns=123, 33, and 22). The factor analysis revealed three distinct constructs : approach vs. avoidance style, problem-solving confidence and will, and compulsiveness vs. self-control style. Although previous research has focused on stages within problem solving, these results suggest the existence of underlying dimensions across stages within people's perceptions of their real-life, personal problem solving. Reliability estimates of the 32 items revealed that the constructs were internally consistent and stable over time. Initial estimates of validity suggest that the instrument is measuring constructs that are (1) related to general perceptions of problem-solving skills, except for satisfaction with the present problem-solving ability, (2) related in part to intelligence, most notably verbal ability, (3) unrelated to social desirability, (4) related to personality variables, most notably locus of control, and (5) amenable to change through specific skill training in problem solving. The investigation has implications for future research on the personal problem-solving process and provides a research instrument that is easily administered and scored.

Single-Chip 마이크로 콘트롤러를 이용한 이상 전류 검출기

김경렬,나채동,문학룡,유두영 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The development of the measurement technology has occupied an important position of not only the electrical, electronic but also scientific technology sphere. In the past, the abnormal current detector was used by the analog method, had many the trouble and the inconvenience of measurement, dissatisfied the accuracy and had difficulty in storing, preserving the data. In this paper, these are improved by using single-chip microcontroller which detects the abnormal current and saves in back-up RAM after digitizing. For the efficient management, processing of the memory, it was used the index method. The data in the memory can be transmitted to the personal computer by the serial communication, and also be independently transmitted by the parallel communication to the personal computer which is interfaced with. The software to control system components are structured in assembly language and C language, in order to process and analyze the software is used in C language.

세라믹 브라켓의 제거 시 Er : YAG 레이저의 효능

서충환,장나영,채종문,조진형,김상철,강경화 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.4

본 연구에서는 세라믹 브라켓 제거에 Er:YAG 레이저 조사가 도움이 되는지 알아보고, 브라켓 제거에 적합한 레이저 조사 방법을 연구하였으며, 또 이렇게 적용된 레이저가 치수와 법랑질에 손상을 주는지도 알아보았다. 총 190개의 치아, 단결정 세라믹 브라켓(MISO), 다결정 세라믹 브라켓(Transcend series 6000)과 KEY Laser3를 사용하였다. 실험군은 세라믹 브라켓의 종류(단결정, 다결정)와 레이저의 에너지(140, 300, 450, 600 mJ)에 따라 분류하였으며, 레이저를 브라켓당 두 곳에 1펄스씩 조사하고, 전단 강도를 측정하였다. 대조군은 레이저를 조사하지 않는 군으로 하였다. 레이저 조사에 의한 열 효과는 브라켓 하방 법랑질과 치수강에서 측정하였으며, 전단 강도 측정 후 치면에 남아있는 접착제의 양을 접착제 잔류 지수(adhesive remnant index)를 이용하여 평가하였다. 레이저 조사로 인한 접착제의 파괴 양상과 법랑질 표면 변화를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 모든 세라믹 브라켓군에서 레이저 에너지가 증가 할수록 전단 강도는 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한, 브라켓 하방 법랑질에서 최대 온도 변화는 평균 3.78˚C 상승에 그쳤으며, 치수강에서 최대 온도 변화는 평균 0.9˚C 상승에 그쳤다. 주사전자현미경을 이용한 법랑질과 접착제 단면 관찰에서 접착제 표면이 레이저에 의해 붕괴되어 분화구 모양의 구덩이로 관찰되었으며, 일부 시편에서 약 10 - 30μm의 법랑질 손상이 발견되었다. Transbond XT로 부착된 단결정 도재 브라켓(MISO)의 디본딩에 Er:YAG 레이저를 이용할 경우, 300 - 450 mJ의 레이저 에너지를, 그리고 다결정 도재 브라켓(Transcend series 6000)의 경우는 450 mJ 정도의 에너지를 사용하는 것이 효과적이고 안전할 것으로 생각된다. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out whether Er:YAG laser can aid in debonding ceramic brackets, and to see what kind of method will be the most appropriate for debonding. Methods: One hundred and ninety teeth, monocrystalline brackets (MISO, HT, Ansan-Si, Korea), polycrystalline brackets (TranscendTM series 6000, 3M Untek, Monrovia, CA, USA) and the KEY Laser3 (KavoDental, Biberach, Germany) were used. Experimental groups were classified according to the type of ceramic brackets, and the amount of laser energy (0, 140, 300, 450, 600 mJ). After applying laser on the bracket at two points at 1 pulse each, the shear bond strength was measured. The effect of heat caused by laser was measured at the enamel beneath the bracket and pulp chamber. After measuring the shear bond strength, adhesive residue was evaluated and enamel surface was investigated using SEM. Results: All ceramic bracket groups showed a significant decrease in shear bond strength as the laser energy increased. The greatest average temperature change was 3.78˚C on the enamel beneath the bracket and 0.9˚C on the pulp chamber. Through SEM, crater shape holes caused by the laser was seen on the enamel and adhesive surfaces. Conclusions: If laser is applied on ceramic brackets for debonding, 300 - 450 mJ of laser energy will be safe and efficient for monocrystalline brackets (MISO), and about 450 mJ for polycrystalline brackets (Transcend series 6000).