Zone refining에 의한 고순도 Cu 제조에 관한 연구

윤영옥,조형호,조훈,김세광,김영직 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.3

The refining efficiency of high-purity Cu was investigated prepared by zone refining, with respect to travel rate, distribution coefficient, number of pass and zone length. Especially, to investigate refining efficiency with respect to zone length, experimental and computer simulation results were compared. The composition of the refined high-purity Cu was analyzed by GDOS (Glow Discharge Optical Spectroscopy) and GDMS (Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometer). The composition profiles of each segment at the given condition were compared with the results of micro hardness profiles. The results showed that the refining efficiency was inversely proportional to the travel rate, while it was proportional to the number of pass. The travel rate was more effective than the number of pass to enhance the refining efficiency in zone refining process. Impurities whose distribution coefficients are below 0.5 were removed efficiently. The effectively refined region increased with decreasing the zone length from 45 mm to 30 mm. Especially, the element S, which is known to be hardly removed by zone refining, could be removed to a level of under 0.1 ppm over the 60% region at 1 mm/min. (Received July 22, 2004)

상향채널 케이블 모뎀을 위한 S-DMT와 TDMA의 성능 비교 분석

김형직(Hyung Jik Kim),김기윤(Ki Yun Kim),김성준(Seong Jun Kim),최형진(Hyung Jin Choi) 한국통신학회 2002 한국통신학회 학술대회 및 강연회 Vol.2002 No.4

The relationship between autophagy, increased neutrophil extracellular traps formation and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease

Kim, Jwa-Kyung,Park, Mi Jin,Lee, Hoi Woul,Lee, Hyung Seok,Choi, Sun Ryoung,Song, Young Rim,Kim, Hyung Jik,Park, Hyeong-Cheon,Kim, Sung Gyun Elsevier 2018 Clinical immunology Vol.197 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the number of circulating neutrophils are increased, and this is usually accompanied by an increased basal activation state. However, the possible association between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with vascular complications has not been evaluated. We assessed the relationship between NETs, autophagy and endothelial dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. NET formation, neutrophil elastase (NE) activities, and serum nucleosome levels were measured in MHD (<I>n</I> = 60) and controls (<I>n</I> = 20). Basal NET formation were markedly increased in MHD patient compared to controls. After PMA stimulation, MHD neutrophils showed significantly increased NETs formation response than controls. The degree of NETs was strongly associated with lower flow-mediated dilatation(%) of brachial artery even after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and uremic toxins. Moreover, MHD neutrophils showed increased basal autophagy activity. Interestingly, the levels of NETs were markedly augmented after autophagy inhibition, suggesting a protective role of autophagy in excessive NET formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In patients with CKD, NET formation is significantly increased, and it may directly contribute to endothelial dysfunction. </LI> <LI> Chronic uremia-associated increased autophagy activity could be an adaptive response. </LI> <LI> Blocking autophagy activities induced exaggerated NET release, suggesting a protective role of autophagy in CKD patients. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effect of the 595-nm pulsed dye laser and ablative 2940-nm Er:YAG fractional laser on fresh surgical scars: An uncontrolled pilot study

Kim, Hei Sung,Kim, Byung Jik,Lee, Jun Young,Kim, Hyung Ok,Park, Young Min Informa Healthcare 2011 Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy Vol.13 No.4

독성 표피 괴사융해증과 동반된 급속 진행성 사구체신염 1 예

김진철,최영희,김훈,구자룡,채동완,김근호,원남희,전노원,김형직,노정우,윤동석,구대원 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.5

RPGN is a catastrophic form of acute glomerulone-phritis characterized by an abrupt onset and rapid deterioration of renal function resulting in o1iguria within weeks or months, BPGN is seen in a variety of systemic disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, poly arteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis and subacute bacterial endocarditis. In addition, RPGN is seen in association with a variety of primary renal diseases such as poststreptacoccal glomrulonephritis, merrkranoproli-ferative glomerulonephritis, and IgA nephropathy, Good-pasture's syndrome. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a drug induced life threatening disease characterized by extensive epidermal detachment, necrosis, and mucosal erosion. TEN may involve liver, lung, intestine, and kidney. But renal involvement has seldom been reported. We report on a 63-year-old patient who developed a RPGN with a TEN. Renal biopsy showed pauci-immune crescentric glomerulonephritis and skin biopsy showed edematous change with extravasated erytkvcytes in upper dermis and several individually necrotic keratinocytes. ANCA and FANA test was negative. Our patient recovered renal function with steroid pulse therapy. The pathophysiology of TEN is unresolved but abnormal cytokine release (e.g., tumor necrosis factor) has been implicated in pathogenesis of TEN. Because various cytokines have direct toxic effect on kidney structure, the tubular and glomerular damage may be related to the cytokines involved in TEN. To our knowledge, this is the first documenting the presence of RPGN in patients with TEN. And there maybe some relations between PRGN and TEN which require further study. a

Increased Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Uremia Is Associated with Chronic Inflammation and Prevalent Coronary Artery Disease

Kim, Jwa-Kyung,Hong, Chang-won,Park, Mi Jin,Song, Young Rim,Kim, Hyung Jik,Kim, Sung Gyun Hindawi 2017 Journal of immunology research Vol.2017 No.-

<P><I>Background.</I> Neutrophils are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. We hypothesized that the NET formation of neutrophils might be changed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, explaining their higher incidence of coronary artery diseases (CAD). <I>Method.</I> A cross-sectional study was performed in 60 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (HV, negative control), and 30 patients with acute infection (positive control). Neutrophil activation and function were measured with reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, degranulation, NET formation, and phenotypical changes. <I>Result.</I> Compared with HV, neutrophils extracted from MHD patients displayed significantly increased levels of basal NET formation, ROS production, and degranulation, suggesting spontaneous activation in uremia. Also, an increase in citrullinated histone H3 was detected in this group compared to the HV. And neutrophils from HV were normal CD16<SUP>bright</SUP>/CD62L<SUP>bright</SUP> cells; however, neutrophils from MHD were CD16<SUP>bright</SUP>/CD62L<SUP>dim</SUP>, similar to those from patients with acute infections. Interestingly, multivariate analyses identified the prevalent CAD and neutrophil counts as independent determinants of baseline NET formation (<I>β</I> = 0.323, <I>p</I> = 0.016 and <I>β</I> = 0.369, <I>p</I> = 0.006, resp.). <I>Conclusions.</I> Uremia-associated-increased NET formation may be a sign of increased burden of atherosclerosis.</P>

조기위암에 병발한 미세변화 신증후군양 IgA 신병증 1 예 : 국내외 보고 예 고찰

김진철,이상무,구자룡,정성원,김우중,이현순,조성태,윤종우,오흥영,채동완,김근호,노정우,김형직,전로원,육청미 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.3

The nephrotic syndrome has been reported in association with a wide variety of neoplastic disease. The relationship between early gastric cancer and glomerulonephritis has not been well elucidated. Only 6 cases (5 cases in Korea and 1 case in Japan) have been reported associated with glomerulonephritis by this time. 5 cases in Korea included three cases of membranous glomerulonephritis, one case of IgA nephropathy and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Four out of six cases including presented case were mucin secreting adenocarcinomas of stomach. Minimal change disease associated with solid tumors has been reported very rarely. Three cases of colon adenocarcinoma have been reported in association with minimal change disease by this time. Complete remission of nephrotic syndrome with tumor resection without corticosteroid therapy was reported in one of three cases, but two of them had to be on corticosteroid therapy in addition to tumor resection to get complete remissions. We report a 44-year-old man case with nephrotic syndrome associated with early gastric cancer. Renal biopsy findings were indicative of minimal change disease but with scanty IgA deposition. Low grade IgA nephropathy was suggested. Endoscopic biopsy on stomach demonstrated the adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells. Serum IgA concentration was 543 mg/dL, and decreased to 336 mg/dL after tumor resection. But, owing to persistent proteinuria and acute renal failure complicated, corticosteroid therapy was applied on the 30th day after operation. So we could not prove definite relationship between early gastric cancer and the development of IgA nephropathy mimicking minimal change disease. But, it is regarded that normalized serum IgA level and the complete remission of nephrotic syndrome with tumor resection and corticosteroid therapy can be indirect evidences for the relationship between early gastric cancer and the development of IgA nephropathy mimicking minimal change disease.(Korean J Med 61:286-292, 2001)

The Changes of Renal Function in Apparent Healthy Individuals with a Simple Renal Cyst

( Hyung Suk Lee ),( Seong Gyun Kim ),( Eun Jung Kim ),( Young Rim Song ),( Soo Jin Kim ),( Ji Eun Oh ),( Young Ki Lee ),( Jang Won Seo ),( Jong Woo Yoon ),( Ja Ryong Koo ),( Jung Woo Noh ),( Hyung Jik 대한신장학회 2007 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.26 No.5

Purpose : Simple cysts are a common structural abnormality in seemingly healthy individuals, but their clinical significance, especially on changes of renal function, remains unknown. We examined whether sporadic cysts can influence changes of renal function in apparent healthy individuals. Methods : The records from 424 people who underwent two ultrasonographic examinations in a routine check-up at our health promotion center from 2000 to 2003 were reviewed. Patients who had a medical disease were excluded. The healthy individuals (n=199) were divided into two groups according to whether they had renal cysts (cyst group, n=61), or not (control group, n=138). Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine level (Scr), creatinine clearance (Ccr), using the Cockcroft-Gault equation, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), using the MDRD equation. Results : Individuals in the cyst group were significantly older (44.18±7.55, 41.02±7.06, p=0.013) and more likely to be male (90.16%, 72.46%, p=0.006) than those without cysts. Compared with the control group, the cyst group had no significant differences in Scr (1.03±0.15 mg/dL, 1.08±0.11 mg/dL, respectively, p=0.06), in Ccr (82.34±13.26 ml/min, 81.00±12.6 ml/min, respectively, p=0.56) nor in GFR (84.35±11.65 ml/min/1.73m2, 82.47±10.27 ml/min/1.73m2, respectively, p=0.38). Furthermore, the parameters for changes of renal function were not significant over three years. Conclusions : The presence of renal cysts was associated with neither renal dysfunction nor a reduction in renal function over three years in Korean individuals without apparent renal disease.

Current treatment status and medical costs for hemodialysis vascular access based on analysis of the Korean Health Insurance Database

( Hyung Seok Lee ),( Young-su Ju ),( Young Rim Song ),( Jwa Kyung Kim ),( Sun Ryoung Choi ),( Narae Joo ),( Hyung Jik Kim ),( Pyoungju Park ),( Sung Gyun Kim ) 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.6

Background/Aims: The Republic of Korea is a country where the hemodialysis population is growing rapidly. It is believed that the numbers of treatments related to vascular access-related complications are also increasing. This study investigated the current status of treatment and medical expenses for vascular access in Korean patients on hemodialysis. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study. We inspected the insurance claims of patients with chronic kidney disease who underwent hemodialysis between January 2008 and December 2016. We calculated descriptive statistics of the frequencies and medical expenses of procedures for vascular access. Results: The national medical expenses for access-related treatment were 7.12 billion KRW (equivalent to 6.36 million USD) in 2008, and these expenses increased to 42.12 billion KRW (equivalent to 37.67 million USD) in 2016. The population of hemodialysis patients, the annual frequency of access-related procedures, and the total medical cost for access-related procedures increased by 1.6-, 2.6-, and 5.9-fold, respectively, over the past 9 years. The frequency and costs of access care increased as the number of patients on hemodialysis increased. The increase in vascular access-related costs has largely been driven by increased numbers of percutaneous angioplasty. Conclusions: The increasing proportion of medical costs for percutaneous angioplasty represents a challenge in the management of end-stage renal disease in Korea. It is essential to identify the clinical and physiological aspects as well as anatomical abnormalities before planning angioplasty. A timely surgical correction could be a viable option to control the rapid growth of access-related medical expenses.

DVB-RCS의 주파수 동기에 적합한 R&B 알고리즘

김형직(Hyung Jik Kim),최형진(Hyung Jin Choi),신민수(Min Su Shin),이호진(Ho Jin Lee) 한국통신학회 2003 한국통신학회 학술대회 및 강연회 Vol.2003 No.4