Peripheral Blood NK Cells Reflect Changes in Decidual NK Cells in Women With Recurrent Miscarriages

Park, Dong Wook,Lee, Hyun Joo,Park, Chan Woo,Hong, Sung Ran,Kwak-Kim, Joanne,Yang, Kwang Moon Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 American journal of reproductive immunology Vol.63 No.2

<P><B>Citation</B> Park DW, Lee HJ, Park CW, Hong SR, Kwak-Kim J, Yang KM. Peripheral blood NK cells reflect changes in decidual NK cells in women with recurrent miscarriages. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 173–180</P><P>Problem </P><P>We aimed to investigate if peripheral blood natural killer (pNK) cell levels are correlated with decidual NK (dNK) cell levels, and if chemokine expression has any role in dNK cell regulation.</P><P>Method of study </P><P>Decidual tissues of women having two or more miscarriages with normal karyotype were collected after miscarriage and an immuno-histochemisty study was made. pNK cells were evaluated using flow cytometric analysis.</P><P>Results </P><P>The %CD3<SUP>−</SUP>/56<SUP>+</SUP> and %CD3<SUP>−</SUP>/56<SUP>+</SUP>/16<SUP>+</SUP> pNK cells showed a significant correlation with mean number of CD56<SUP>+</SUP> dNK cells. The number of decidual CD16<SUP>+</SUP> cells was significantly higher in women with elevated pNK (≥15%) than that of normal pNK (<15%). The %CD3<SUP>−</SUP>/56<SUP>+</SUP> and %CD3<SUP>−</SUP>/56<SUP>+</SUP>/16<SUP>+</SUP> pNK cells showed an inverse correlation with duration of gestation. The CCL3<SUP>+</SUP> and CXCL12<SUP>+</SUP> cells were present in the decidua; however, staining intensity was not correlated with number of dNK cells.</P><P>Conclusion </P><P>The pNK cell levels reflect changes in dNK cell levels. This implicates that pNK cell level is a clinically useful marker to predict pregnancy outcome. Further study is needed to examine if elevated pNK cells enhance recruitment of dNK cells in the decidua.</P>

고립성 직장결핵 3예

이동수,정강욱,황도연,이형화,김대현,김영성,곽동협 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회지 Vol.64 No.1

저자들은 장결핵 중 발생 부위상 드문 곳으로 알려진 직장에 발생한 고림성 결핵을 3예 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Isolated rectal tuberculosis commonly involves sigmoid, ascending, or transverse colon. Rectal involvement in tuberculosis is uncommon and poorly characterized. Isolated rectal tuberculosis was defined as focal lesions of rectum in the abscence of demonstrable lesions in the small and large bowel. Diagnosis of rectal tuberculosis was based on characteristic endoscopic appearance of lesions, histopathologic feature of tuberculosis in biopsy material and response to antitubercular therapy. Three patients with isolated rectal tuberculosis were seen at Kwak's hospital. The lesions observed was classified according to macroscopic morphology as follows: ulcerative, hypertrophic and ulcero-hypertrophic. Clinical manifestations were non-specific and consists of rectal bleeding, fever, weight loss, constipation and abdominal pain. One of the three patients had coexisting tuberculous pleurisy. Response to antitubercular chemotherapy was good. (Koeran J Med 64:96-100, 2003)

Lutembacher 증후군 환자 증례 보고

김성범,서정주,곽철훈,김상민,이보라,민선경,황은구,김용인,조욱현,최석구 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

Lutembacher's syndrome is rare combination of mitral stenosis (MS) and atrial septal defect (ASD). The hemodynamic interplay between the MS and ASD leads to wide variation of clinical presentation. Here we describe a 43-year-old female with Lutembacher's syndrome and tricuspid regurgitation with pulmonary hypertension, who underwent direct closure of ASD and tricuspid valvuloplasty successfully. We also reviewed other literatures in an effort to increase awareness of this condition.

주의력결핍-과잉행동장애를 동반한 알코올 의존환자들의 특성 : 임상적/유전학적 자료분석

김붕년,손기현,전지현,곽욱환,유희정,조수철,박철수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2003 신경정신의학 Vol.42 No.3

Objectives : This study was conducted to estimate the comorbidity rate of ADHD in a group of patients with alcohol dependency and to find out the characteristics of alcoholic patients with ADHD using the diverse clinical and genetic variables. Methods : Eighty five patients with alcohol dependency were recruited from 4 mental hospitals in Kyoung-Nam and Kyoung-Ki province. For the evaluation of ADHD symptoms in both childhood and adulthood, the highly structured Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (DISC-FV)-ADHD module was used. The various standardized scales and questionnaires were also applied to evaluate the comorbid conditions and psychopathological status. All the subjects' blood was collected and genetic study for the polymorphism of DRD2, TH, 5-HTTLPR, COMT, ALDH2 was performed. Results : 1) The comorbid rate of definite ADHD in alcoholic patients was 38% (28/85). 2) The frequency of unmarried status was significantly higher in ADHD group compared non-ADHD group. 3) The onset of pathologic drinking and auditory hallucination was significantly earlier in ADHD group than non-ADHD alcholic group. 4) In ADHD alcoholic group, antisocial behavior was more frequently reported, and the score of co-dependency scale, depression/anxiety, aggression and obsessive compulsive drinking scales were significantly higher compared to non-ADHD alcoholic group. 5) No signficant difference was found in the frequency of polymorphic alleles in COMT, DRD2, 5-HTTLPR, ALDH2, TH between ADHD and non-ADHD alcoholic group. Conclusion : In alcoholic patients, the rate of adult type ADHD was higher than expected rate in general population. The alcoholic patients with ADHD suffered from more sever degree of alcohol dependency and earlier alcohol related problems. ADHD-alcoholic group showed higher diverse comorbid psychopathology and lower marital status compared to non-ADHD-alcoholic group. No difference, however, was found in genetic data between two groups.

ZnO 투명전도막의 전기적 특성에 미치는 Al₂O₃의 도핑 농도의 효과

박강일,김병섭,이성욱,김현수,이세종,곽동주 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2003 공학기술연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Al doped Zinc Oxide(ZnO:AI) films, which is widely used as a transparent conductor in optoelectronic devices such as solar cell, liquid crystal display, plasma display panel, thermal heater, and other sensors, were prepared by using the capacitively coupled DC magnetron sputtering method. In this paper the effect of doping amounts of Al₂0₃ on the electrical, optical and morphological properties were investigated experimentally. The results show that the structural and electrical properties of the film are highly affected by the doping. The optimum growth conditions were obtained for films doped with 2 wt% of indium which exhibit a resistivity of 8.5×10^(-4)Ω-cm associated with a transmittance of 91.7 % for 840 nm in film thickness in the wavelength range of the visible spectrum.

Clinical Experiences of Molecular Genetic Evaluation of Achondroplasia in Prenatal and Neonatal Cases

Kwak, Dong Wook,Kim, Hyun Jin,Park, So Yeon,Ahn, Hyun Suk,Chae, Yong Hwa,Kim, Moon Young,Lee, Young Ho,Ryu, Hyun Mee Korean Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics 2013 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the characteristics of achondroplasia (ACH) diagnosed in fetuses or neonates and to evaluate the usefulness of a molecular genetic testing to confirm ACH. Materials and Methods: The medical and ultrasonographic records of 16 pregnant women, who had molecular genetic testing for ACH performed on their fetus or neonate at the Cheil General Hospital between February 1999 and April 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. Detection of G1138A and G1138C mutations of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene was accomplished by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: Of the eight fetuses and two neonates who were suspected of having ACH during pregnancy, four fetuses and one neonate was confirmed to have ACH and they all carried the heterozygous G1138A mutation. Out of 6 cases which had a history of ACH in prior pregnancies, three had genetic information for the previous fetuses while the other three did not. All six fetuses had no mutations at G380R. However, the one fetus of pregnant woman with non-confirmed ACH showed shortened long bone on ultrasound thereafter and the fetus was identified as having oto-spondylo-megaepiphyseal dysplasia after birth. Conclusion: Korean patients with achondroplasia have the heterozygous G1138A mutation that is most commonly defined in other countries. Molecular genetic evaluations of ACH are helpful not only for establishing diagnosis but for appropriate counseling with subsequent pregnancies.

The practice patterns of second trimester fetal ultrasonography: A questionnaire survey and an analysis of checklists

( Hyun Soo Park ),( Won Joon Seong ),( Joon Seok Hong ),( Hyun Joo Seol ),( Han Sung Hwang ),( Kunwoo Kim ),( Hyun Sun Ko ),( Dong Wook Kwak ),( Soo Young Oh ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Sa Jin Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2015 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.58 No.6

Objective To analyze practice patterns and checklists of second trimester ultrasonography, and to investigate management plans when soft markers are detected among Korean Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (KSUOG) members. Methods An internet-based self-administered questionnaire survey was designed. KSUOG members were invited to the survey. Checklists of the second trimester ultrasonography were also requested. In the questionnaire survey, general practice patterns of the second trimester ultrasonography and management schemes of soft markers were asked. In the checklists analysis, the number of items were counted and also compared with those recommended by other medical societies. Results A total of 101 members responded. Eighty-seven percent routinely recommended second trimester fetal anatomic surveillance. Most (91.1%) performed it between 20+0 and 23+6 weeks of gestation. Written informed consents were given by 15.8% of respondents. Nearly 60% recommended genetic counseling when multiple soft markers and/or advanced maternal age were found. Similar tendencies were found in the managements of individual soft markers. However, practice patterns were very diverse and sometimes conflicting. Forty-eight checklists were analyzed in context with the number and content of the items. The median item number was 46.5 (range, 17 to 109). Of 49 items of checklists recommended by International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology and/or American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 14 items (28.6%) were found in less than 50% of the checklists analyzed in this study. Conclusion Although general practice patterns were similar among KSUOG members, some of which were conflicting, and there is a need for standardization of the practice patterns and checklists of second trimester ultrasonography, which also have very wide range of spectrum.

Clinical Experiences of Molecular Genetic Evaluation of Achondroplasia in Prenatal and Neonatal Cases

Dong Wook Kwak,Hyun Jin Kim,So Yeon Park,Hyun Suk Ahn,Yong Hwa Chae,Moon Young Kim,Young Ho Lee,Hyun Mee Ryu 대한의학유전학회 2013 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the characteristics of achondroplasia (ACH) diagnosed in fetuses or neonates and to evaluate the usefulness of a molecular genetic testing to confirm ACH. Materials and Methods: The medical and ultrasonographic records of 16 pregnant women, who had molecular genetic testing for ACH performed on their fetus or neonate at the Cheil General Hospital between February 1999 and April 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. Detection of G1138A and G1138C mutations of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene was accomplished by polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: Of the eight fetuses and two neonates who were suspected of having ACH during pregnancy, four fetuses and one neonate was confirmed to have ACH and they all carried the heterozygous G1138A mutation. Out of 6 cases which had a history of ACH in prior pregnancies, three had genetic information for the previous fetuses while the other three did not. All six fetuses had no mutations at G380R. However, the one fetus of pregnant woman with non-confirmed ACH showed shortened long bone on ultrasound thereafter and the fetus was identified as having oto-spondylo-megaepiphyseal dysplasia after birth. Conclusion: Korean patients with achondroplasia have the heterozygous G1138A mutation that is most commonly defined in other countries. Molecular genetic evaluations of ACH are helpful not only for establishing diagnosis but for appropriate counseling with subsequent pregnancies.

Quantification and application of potential epigenetic markers in maternal plasma of pregnancies with hypertensive disorders

( Dong Wook Kwak ),( Jung Min Lee ),( Hyun Jin Kim ),( Shin Young Kim ),( Ji Hyae Lim ),( So Yeon Park ),( Hyun Mee Ryu ) 대한산부인과학회 2015 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.101 No.-

뇌혈관용 Guiding catheter와 Penumbra를 이용하여 시행한 흉·복부 및 다리혈관에 대한 기계적 혈전제거술

곽현욱(Hyun-Wook Kwak),최대연(Dae-Yeon Choi),임동욱(Dong-Wook Lim) 대한인터벤션영상기술학회 2010 대한인터벤션영상기술학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose More than 12 sorts of medical tools for mechanical thrombolysis have been created since 1989. medical tools for thrombolysis, AngioJet, Oasis & Arrow-Trerotola device etc are currently used in domestic hospitals. manual aspiration for thrombolysis have been performed with 50cc syringe in the angio department of PNUYH. Mechanical thrombolysis for abdomen & lower extremity by guiding catheter & penumbra for cerebrovascular only was on trials. the trials are going to be presented as the case of successful study. Materials and methods Case1 60 years old female diagnosed as Arteriosclerosis obliterans received mechanical thrombolysis in March, 2010. 8 hundred thousand Urokinase had been infused to the patient using Multi-sideport catheter (Cook, Bloomington, USA) in advance. Blocked lesion ranged from abdominal aorta at lumbar level to iliac artery. The abdominal aorta was aspirated by Penumbra pump (Penumbra, Inc. Alameda, USA) connected with 6Fr Envoy guiding catheter (Cordis, Florida, USA) in the method of mechanical thrombolysis. On the other hand, iliac artery was aspirated by either guiding catheter with a pump or guiding catheter with 0.014in * 0.035in (cone) * 200㎝ Penumbra separator 041 (Penumbra, Inc. Alameda, USA). Thrombus in lower extremity flowing from abdominal aorta thrombolysis was also aspirated by guiding catheter with separator 041. Total blood loss was 370cc. 8 hundred thousand Urokinase was infused into Popliteal artery through Multi-sideport catheter. Case2 33years old male, diagnosed as thrombosis in Internal jugular vein and Innominate vein took the procedure in April, 2010. 1million Urokinase was infused at Internal Medicine. The blocked lesion ranged from subclavian vein via brachiocephalic vein to SVC. The thrombus was eliminated in the way of guiding pumping and guiding & separator pumping side by side using 6Fr Envoy guiding catheter connected with Penumbra pump. The total blood loss was 370㏄. Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty was performed in the stenosis lesion after the thrombolysis. Result Case1 It took approximately 1~2min for aspiration from abdominal aorta to iliac artery. During the aspiration however, some departed thrombus flowed to lower extremity vessel and then aspiration for femoral artery and thrombolytic therapy for popliteal artery were carried out to remove the thrombus. Next day, opening from abdominal aorta to dorsal artery of foot could be confirmed on angiography. Moreover complications such as blood spill out of vessels and recurrence of thrombus were not observed. Case2 Mechanical thrombolysis by guiding catheter and penumbra was successful. It took about 15min for aspiration. The opening vessel was confirmed and complications were not found. the procedure was finished and then Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty for remaining occlusion lesion would be followed up due to recoil. Discussion Through the medical trial above there are several value-judgements bellow that can be studied and verified continuously. First, the matter of usefulness for guiding catheter and penumbra pump or separator & pump. Second, the matter of possibility to solve vessel occlusion caused from DVT by guiding catheter and penumbra pump only Third, the study of possibility to eliminate thrombus occurred in femorofemoral bypass graft. Forth, the study of possibility to remove thrombus caused by Arteriovenous anastomosis site as the case of using general 4Fr or 5Fr catheter. Fifth, the study of using Urokinase which has severe complication of bleeding Sixth, the study for removing thrombus using Penumbra Reperfusion catheter and Separation instead of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty when the case of acute thrombus located in the area of Knee joint occurs. Nevertheless it has different problems that Penumbra system is for cerebrovascular only. Conclusion There are several problems in this procedure. that the mechanical thr