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Kim, Man Sub,Kim, Jung Hee,Bak, Yesol,Park, Yun Sun,Lee, Dong Hun,Kang, Jeong Woo,Shim, Jung-Hyun,Jeong, Heon Sang,Hong, Jin Tae,Yoon, Do Young Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers [etc.] 2012 Nutrition and cancer Vol.64 No.8
<P>The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction occurring between an amino acid and a reducing sugar, usually requiring thermal processing. Maillard reaction products (MRPs) have antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antibacterial effects, and although 2,4-bis (p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal (HPB242), a fructose-tyrosine MRP, appears to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells, its mechanism of action has not been studied in detail. We found that HPB242 treatment modulated expression of cyclins and tumor suppressor genes in SiHa human cervical cancer cell lines: cyclins and phospho-pRB were downregulated, whereas the expression of CDK inhibitors and p53 was enhanced. HPB242 induced apoptosis dose-dependently by suppressing E7 expression and leading to sub-G1 cell-cycle arrest in SiHa cell lines; treatment also led to the proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3, -9, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Moreover, HPB242 upregulated Fas expression, altered expressions of pro- and antiapoptotic factors, and also inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB and phosphorylation of IκB. HPB242 treatment decreased phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase and p-Akt expression levels, demonstrating that this survival pathway may also be inhibited by HPB242. Cumulatively, HPB242 promotes apoptosis by influencing E7 expression, inducing cell-cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase, and promoting both intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (Fas-dependent) apoptosis in SiHa human cervical cancer cells.</P>
Hydrodeoxygenation of oleic acid over Ce<SUB>(1-x)</SUB>Zr<SUB>(x)</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> solid solution
Jae-Oh Shim,Dae-Woon Jeong,Won-Jun Jang,Kyung-Won Jeon,Won-Bi Han,Hyun-Suk Na,Hak-Min Kim,Hyun-Seog Roh,Jeong-Geol Na,You-Kwan Oh,Chang Hyun Ko,Sang Sub Han 한국신재생에너지학회 2013 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.05
Jeong, Won‐,Ik,Lee, Yang Eun,Shim, Hyun‐,Sub,Kim, Tae‐,Min,Kim, Sei‐,Yong,Kim, Jang‐,Joo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced functional materials Vol.22 No.14
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The bulk‐ionized photoconductivity of C<SUB>60</SUB> is reported as an origin of the bias‐dependent linear change of the photocurrent in copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C<SUB>60</SUB> planar heterojunction solar cells, based on the observation of the variation of the bias‐dependent photocurrent on excitation wavelengths and the thickness‐dependent photocurrent of the C<SUB>60</SUB> layer. A theoretical model, which is a combination of the Braun‐Onsager model for the dissociation of excitons at the donor/acceptor interface and the Onsager model for the bulk ionization of excitons in the C<SUB>60</SUB> layer, describes the bias‐dependent photocurrent in the devices very well. The bulk‐ionized photoconductivity of C<SUB>60</SUB> must generally contribute to the photocurrent in organic photovoltaics, since fullerene and fullerene derivatives are widely used in these devices.</P>
( Dong Kyu Lee ),( Young Sil Min ),( Seong Su Yoo ),( Hyun Sub Shim ),( Sun Young Park ),( Uy Dong Sohn ) 한국응용약물학회 2018 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.26 No.6
A comprehensive collection of proteins senses local changes in intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations ([Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub>) and transduces these signals into responses to agonists. In the present study, we examined the effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on modulation of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. To measure [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> levels in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells, we used a fluorescence microscopy with the Fura-2 loading method. S1P produced a concentration-dependent increase in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> in the cells. Pretreatment with EGTA, an extracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> chelator, decreased the S1P-induced increase in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub>, and an L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup>-channel blocker, nimodipine, decreased the effect of S1P. This indicates that Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx may be required for muscle contraction by S1P. When stimulated with thapsigargin, an intracellular calcium chelator, or 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), an InsP<sub>3</sub> receptor blocker, the S1P-evoked increase in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> was significantly decreased. Treatment with pertussis toxin (PTX), an inhibitor of Gi-protein, suppressed the increase in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> evoked by S1P. These results suggest that the S1P-induced increase in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells occurs upon the activation of phospholipase C and subsequent release of Ca<sup>2+</sup> from the InsP<sub>3</sub>-sensitive Ca<sup>2+</sup> pool in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These results suggest that S1P utilized extracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> via the L type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel, which was dependent on activation of the S1P<sub>4</sub> receptor coupled to PTX-sensitive G<sub>i</sub> protein, via phospholipase Cmediated Ca<sup>2+</sup> release from the InsP<sub>3</sub>-sensitive Ca<sup>2+</sup> pool in cat esophageal smooth muscle cells.
Shim, Hyun-Sub,Kim, Hyo Jung,Kim, Ji Whan,Kim, Sei-Yong,Jeong, Won-Ik,Kim, Tae-Min,Kim, Jang-Joo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.18
<P>Enhancing the short circuit current (<I>J</I><SUB>SC</SUB>) by extending the absorption to the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, which has 50% of the total solar photon flux, is a remaining task in small molecular solar cells. Here, high efficiency NIR absorbing solar cells based on lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) are reported using copper iodide (CuI) as a templating layer to control the crystal structure of PbPc. Devices with CuI inserted between the ITO and PbPc layers exhibit a two times enhancement of the <I>J</I><SUB>SC</SUB> compared to the case in the absence of the CuI layer. This is explained by the increase of crystallinity in the molecules grown on the CuI templating layer, which is investigated <I>via</I> an X-ray diffraction study. Moreover, fill factor is also enhanced to 0.63 from 0.57 due to low series resistance although the additional CuI layer is inserted between the ITO and the PbPc layer. As a result, the corrected power conversion efficiency of 2.5% was obtained, which is the highest one reported up to now among the PbPc based solar cells.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Extending the absorption to the near-infrared spectrum is demonstrated by inserting a very thin CuI layer between the ITO and PbPc layer, resulting in the increase of <I>J</I><SUB>SC</SUB>, FF and PCE at the same time. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm30417a'> </P>
Kim, Tae-Min,Shim, Hyun-Sub,Choi, Min-Soo,Kim, Hyo Jung,Kim, Jang-Joo American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.6
<P>The molecular orientation and crystallinity of donor and acceptor molecules are important for high-efficiency organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) because they significantly influence both the absorption of light and charge-transport characteristics. We report that the templating effect extends to multilayers to increase the crystallinity and to modify the orientation of the crystals of lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) and C<SUB>70</SUB> layers at the same time by adopting CuBr as a new templating layer on indium tin oxide (ITO). The formation of a monoclinic phase with a preferred orientation of (320) for PbPc and a fcc phase with a preferred orientation of (220) for C<SUB>70</SUB> on the PbPc layer is revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The multilayer epitaxy results in an increase of the exciton diffusion lengths from 5.6 to 8.8 nm for PbPc and from 6.9 to 13.8 nm for C<SUB>70</SUB> to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the planar heterojunction OPVs composed of PbPc and C<SUB>70</SUB> from 1.4 to 2.3%. The quasi-epitaxy model is proposed to explain the multilayer epitaxy.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-6/am405946m/production/images/medium/am-2013-05946m_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am405946m'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Shim, Hyun-Sub,Moon, Chang-Ki,Kim, Jihun,Wang, Chun-Kai,Sim, Bomi,Lin, Francis,Wong, Ken-Tsung,Seo, Yongsok,Kim, Jang-Joo American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.2
<P>The use of multiple donors in an active layer is an effective way to boost the efficiency of organic solar cells by broadening their absorption window. Here, we report an efficient vacuum-deposited ternary organic photovoltaic (OPV) using two donors, 2-((2-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)thiazol-5-yl)methylene)malononitrile (DTTz) for visible absorption and 2-((7-(5-(dip-tolylamino)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c]-[1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)methylene)malononitrile (DTDCTB) for near-infrared absorption, codeposited with C-70 in the ternary layer. The ternary device achieved a power conversion efficiency of 8.02%, which is 23% higher than that of binary OPVs. This enhancement is the result of incorporating two donors with complementary absorption covering wavelengths of 350 to 900 nm with higher hole mobility in the ternary layer than that of binary layers consisting of one donor and C-70, combined with energy transfer from the donor with lower hole mobility (DTTz) to that with higher mobility (DTDCTB). This structure fulfills all the requirements for efficient ternary OPVs.</P>
Choi, Min-Soo,Kim, Tae-Min,Shim, Hyun-Sub,Kim, Beom-Soo,Kim, Hyo Jung,Kim, Jang-Joo American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.17
<P>We report that the crystallinity of C<SUB>70</SUB> is improved significantly if CuI is used as a templating layer, leading to remarkable enhancement of hole mobilities from 8.32 × 10<SUP>–6</SUP> to 3.26 × 10<SUP>–5</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP>/(V s). As a result, the use of the templating layer in C<SUB>70</SUB>-based solar cells with low donor concentration resulted in significant improvement of the fill factor from 0.51 to 0.57 and the power conversion efficiency from 5.56% to 6.23% under simulated AM 1.5G, 1 sun irradiation. This result demonstrates that the CuI templating layer is effective at improving the crystallinity of the fullerene derivatives as well as the donor materials.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-17/acsami.5b01166/production/images/medium/am-2015-01166h_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b01166'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Shim, Yong Sub,Kim, Kyu Nyun,Hwang, Ju Hyun,Park, Cheol Hwee,Jung, Sun-Gyu,Park, Young Wook,Ju, Byeong-Kwon IOP 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.4
<P>Despite their generally good performance, photonic crystal (PC)-based organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) encounter a serious spectral distortion problem. In this study, we obtained spectral-distortion-free PC-based OLEDs by lowering the pitch (period of the PC) to less than a half the emission wavelength, using a simple and scalable nanoscale process of laser interference lithography. The demonstrated OLEDs with 200 nm pitch-size nanoscale periodic hole arrays exhibited negligible changes in the Internal Commission on Illumination 1931 color coordinate of Δ (0.0104, 0.0078) and a peak wavelength of Δ0 nm (relative to the reference), while maintaining the function of the internal light extraction layer, manifested as a 23% enhancement of the external quantum efficiency (EQE). The enhancement of the EQE reached 85% after incorporating a micro-lens array. The improved light extraction, spectral-distortion-free characteristic, and excellent color stability over a broad range of viewing angles were successfully derived by performing finite difference time domain simulations.</P>