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김홍태,박봉훈,천동욱,김형표,정재호 대한척추외과학회 1995 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.2 No.1
A lumbar fusion may influence biomechanically on the remained unfused segments to take over the lost motions. The adjacent segments to fusion particulatly will experience an additional motional stress following a fusion, and then various late complications can occur. Moreover, the amount of this stress may differ according to the levels and extents of the fusions. The aim of this study is to evalu- ate this motional stress in different levels of fusion. A retrospective review of flexion and extension lateral radiograghs was undertaken for 142 consec- utive patients who had undergone various fusions in the lumbar region. Included in this study were the patients who had performed active daily livings after surgery and followed for minimum of two years. They were 60 males and 82 females, having mean age of 46.7(range 14-72). There were three posterior fusions, 123 lateral fusions, and 16 interbody fusions. The extent of fusions were one seg- ment in 71, two segments in 53, three segments in 16, and four segments in two patients. The follow- up period was 53 months in average(range 2-15 years). The intervertebral angles were measured on the flexion/extension lateral radiographs, and then the calculated intervertebral angular motions at follow-up periods were compared with those of preoperative values. The average increases of angular motion at the adjacent segments to fusions were 2.3˚at L1-2 seg- ment(ranging 0˚to 5˚increase),2.5˚at L2-3 segment(ranging 1˚decrease to 8˚increase), 2.9˚at L3-4 segment (ranging 3˚decrease to 12˚increase), 6.7˚at L4-5 segment(ranging 2˚to 18˚ increase), and 1.5˚at L5-S1 segment(ranging 5˚decrease to 7˚increase). The average increases of the above and below adjacent segments to fusions were 3.3˚(ranging 3˚decrease to 18˚increase) and 1.7˚(ranging 5˚decrease to 12˚increase) respectively. There were no significant differences in the changes of angular motion according to the extents of fusion and during these follow-up periods. In conclusion, the angular motions at the adjacent segment to fusions increased most signficantly at L4-5 segment regardless of the fusion sites whether it is below or above a fusion. Excluding the L4-5 segment, the angular motions at the above adjacent segments to fusion increased significantly compared to those at the below adjacent segments. The late complications at adjacent segments to lumbar fusions are expected to appear preferably at these segments.
인진사령산이 肝細胞活性, 細胞週期 및 Fas-mediated apoptosis에 미치는 影響
禹弘楨,李長勳,表林靜 慶熙大學校韓醫科大學韓醫學硏究所 1999 慶熙韓醫大論文集 Vol.22 No.1
To evaluate the effects of Injinsaryungsan on cell viability, cell cycle progression, and Fas-mediated apotosis, MTT assay, cell cycle analysis, PCNA expression analysis and tryphan blue exclusion assay, flow cytometry, Cpp32 protease assay, DNA fragmemtation assay were performed. And for quantitative evaluation of gene expression, we performed RT-PCR. The results were as followed. 1. In MTT assay, Injinsaryungsan treatment increases cellular viability of the cells and this increase showed strong correlation with the treatment doses of Injinsaryungsan. 2. Cell cycle analysis showed a significant reduction of G₁phase, and PCNA analysis showed that cell cycle progression of the HepG2 cells is positively regulated by Injinsaryungsan. And a dosage-and time-dependent induction of PCNA expression was recognized. 3. Using tryphan blue exclusion, flow cytometric analysis of sub G₁phase, a significant and dosage-dependent reduction of apoptosis were observed in Injinsaryungsan-treated cells compared to untreated control cells. 4. DNA fragmentation assay showed significantly reduction of DNA fragmentation in Injinsaryungsan-treated cells, decreases of CPP32 protease activities were observed in CPP32 protease assay. Which indicates that Injinsaryungsan carry inhibitory effects on apoptosis. 5. A quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that Fas and CPP32 mRNA expression were dramatically reduced and Bcl-2, Bcl-X?? mRNA expression were induced by the treatment of Injinsaryungsan while expression of Fadd, Fap-1, and ICE were not affected by Injinsaryungsan. These results implies that Injinsaryungsan increase hepatocyte viability, cell cycle progression and protect hepatocyte from damage by regulating the expression of genes associated with Fas-mediated apoptosis, which explains the mechanism of the clinical effect of Injinsaryungsan on liver diseases.
Hong, Jin Pyo,Park, Subin,Wang, Hee-Ryung,Chang, Sung Man,Sohn, Jee Hoon,Jeon, Hong Jin,Lee, Hae Woo,Cho, Seong-Jin,Kim, Byung-Soo,Bae, Jae Nam,Cho, Maeng Je Springer International 2012 Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology Vol.47 No.12
<P>We examined the prevalence, correlates, comorbidities, and suicidal tendencies of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) according to the DSM-IV criteria in a nationwide sample of Korean women.</P>
Jin Pyo Hong,Jin Hoon Cho,Jang Hoon Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
우드펠렛은 가정용, 상업용, 산업용 등으로 사용되며 특히 화력발전소에서 석탄 대용으로 수입량이 급증하여 연간 약 2,400만톤 가량 수입되고 있는 상황이다. 우드펠렛 검역훈증제로 기존에는 메틸브로마이드(이하 MB)가 최근까지 사용되어져 왔으나, MB의 높은 흡착률과 우드펠렛의 과도한 수용비로 인해 최종가스농도 기준에 미치지 못하여 재투약하는 사례가 빈번히 발생해 문제가 되어져왔다. 이를 해결하기 위해 농림축산검역본부에서는 올해 초 MB와 포스핀을 병행으로 처리하는 방식의 소독처리기준을 신설하였다. 새로운 소독처리기준이 설정됨에 따라 배기시 안전한 배기시간 수준을 설정하기 위해 병행처리 후 수착과 탈착되는 가스농도를 조사하였다. 실내 훈증상에 우드펠렛을 채우고 약제 처리한 결과 각 훈증제의 TLV(Threshold Limit Value)-TWA(Time Weighted Average) 기준이하로 농도가 감소되는 배기시간은 25℃일 때 MB는 120시간, 포스핀은 6시간으로 측정되었고 15℃일 때 MB는 186시간, 포스핀은 19시간으로 측정되었다.