정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Converging Thermal Wave 측정법에 의한 고체 재료의 열전도도 측정

홍진수,한용진,채희백,박훈 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The conductivity of CVD(chemical vapor deposited) diamond wafer and Cu-foil were measured with converging thermal wave technique. Annular shape of pulsed laser beam is used as a heating source and the temperature excursion is measured with liquid nitrogen cooled IR-detector. This measurement method is independent of specimen shape and size if the specimen is a thin plate. This technique is non-contacting and non-destructive.

예측전류제어기를 이용한 3상 PWM 컨버터

한홍일,함년근,성낙규,이승환,이훈구,오봉환,한경희 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

PWM converter has better power factor and low harmonic components than conventional diode rectifiers and phase controlled rectifier. Also the DC link voltage can be regulated fast and stable against the variation in the load. In order to regulate for DC link voltage, rapid current control is need for source current control. This paper focuses on the improvement of quickness of current controller to know the transient state characteristics of regulated DC link voltage against the variation in the load. To do this, it is adopted to three phase voltage type PWM converter with space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) method and synchronously rotating d, q axis current. Each d, q axis current is controlled independently. To control d, q axis current, Current control methods to be applied in system are PI current control and Predictive current control respectively. As a result, Transient response characteristic of Predictive current controller is superior to PI current controller.

PLD 박막의 물리적 성질

한용진,조봉균,정재훈,이수빈,박해윤,이태기,채희백,홍진수 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

Thin amorphous carbon films were deposited by a Q-switched Nd;YAG 532nm with beam power density of ?? on the high purity graphite (99.7%). The pressure of vacuum chamber was ?? Torr. In order to estimate the quality of the Pulsed Laser Deposition films one of the most important optical properties, bandgap energy, was characterized by transmission and reflection in the range of the visible, and an optical direct bandgap energy of 2.45eV and indirect bandgap energy 0.36eV were obtained. Surface morphology of amorphous film was investigated by AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy). Its surface roughness is 70nm. Comparing our results with the published values in the literature we have confidence that our films show the good quality for optical properties.

혐오자극과 모델링 및 언어적 지시가 발달지체 아동의 상동행동에 미치는 효과 : 사례연구

한현민,함소희,김윤선,지지영,홍희영 대진대학교 교육연구소 2000 교육연구 Vol.2 No.1

The experiment was undertaken to determine the combined effects of aversive, modeling, and verbal instruction on the self-stimulatory stereotyped benavior exhibited by a three-year two-month old with developmental delay, The behavioral interventions were consisted of lemon juice(aversive), behavioral rehearsal(moleling), verbal instruction(prompting), and defferential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI), and continued over 73 sessions. The data gathered across multitreatments design (A-BCD-A-BD-DE) were visually analyzed. The results revealed that all the treatments reduced the occurrences of stereotyped behavior, the significant differences among any interventions were not found, and more importantly, the behavior effects were maintained.

초등학생의 패스트푸드 이용횟수에 따른 식행동 및 영양지식 비교

한희숙,안홍석 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 2008 生活文化硏究 Vol.23 No.1

The present study surveyed elementary school students' fast food consumption patterns, dietary behavior, nutrition knowledge, and examined if these variables were different according to the frequency of fast food consumption. The subjects of this study were a total of 589 fifth and sixth grade students from two elementary schools in Seoul, and according to the frequency of fast food consumption, they were classified into frequent-users (1-2 times or more a week, 14.9%), moderate-users (2-3 times a month, 48.2%) and non-users (fewer than once a month, 36.8%). Frequent-users consumed fast food when they felt hungry, and moderate-users and non-users consumed it on special days. As to whether they consider nutrition and health when choosing fast food, 10.2% of the frequent-users replied 'Not consider at all' and the percentage was higher than that of the moderate-users (7.4%) and the non-users (7.4%). Father's education level was higher in non-users than in frequent-users and moderate-users. The amount of monthly pocket money was larger in frequent-users and moderate-users than in non-users. The mean score of dietary habit (out of 75 points) was 55.40 in frequent-users, 58.11 in moderate-users and 62.10 in non-users, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.001). Frequent-users showed more severe unbalanced diet and more frequent dining out. The mean score of nutrition knowledge (out of 20 points) was 15.90 in frequent-users, 16.24 in moderate-users and 16.86 in non-users, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). According to the results, when the frequency of fast food consumption is higher the amount of monthly pocket money is larger, and when the frequency of fast food consumption is lower father's education level is higher and the students have more desirable dietary habits and correct nutrition knowledge. Furthermore, students with correct nutrition knowledge showed more desirable dietary habits. Accordingly, there should be systematic and continuous nutrition education at home and in school so that elementary school students lead a healthy dietary life by refraining themselves from indiscreet eating of fast food and developing desirable dietary habits.

치료저항 만성 정신분열증 환자에서 Clozapine과 Haloperidol의 치료효과에 대한 비교

이홍식,김찬형,이희상,남궁기,송동호,이영문,한은선 大韓臨床藥理學會 1993 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.1 No.2

Cheek Flap을 이용한 안면부 재건

한예식,홍인식,이정윤,안희창 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.4

There are several technique for facial reconstruction using local, regional and distant flaps. Most of these techniques require multiple stages, leave poor color match, and create serious complications at donor site. Since 1959, a wide variety of defects in the eyelid and cheek have been reconstructed with Mustarde's cheek flap. This can mobilize a large area to be rotated into the defect, and effectively cover a relatively large defect with minimal distortion and with good color match. Advantage of the cheek flap include easy accessibility and operative technique. In the old age group that present most commonly with eyelid malignancies, there is sufficient laxity of the skin, and therefore, abundant tissue is available to reconstruct the lower lid. Problems which can develop with this flap include hematoma, infection, or flap necrosis early in the postoperative course. Late complications include problems resulting mainly from skin tension and gravity, causing ectropion or lateral canthal distortion. The author experienced excellent functional and esthetic result form 15 cases of facial reconstruction with Mustsarde's cheek flap. We reviewed history and surgical techniques of this flap referring the literature.

Study on the Weldability and Mechanical Characteristics of Dissimilar Materials (Al5052-DP590) by TIG Assisted Hybrid Friction Stir Welding

Hee‑Seon Bang,Seong Min Hong,Atanu Das,Han‑Sur Bang 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

Hybrid friction stir welding, adopting an external pre-heat source in front of the friction stir welding (FSW) tool, is knownas a way of overcoming the disadvantages of conventional FSW; lack of plastic flow and excessive tool wear. In joining ofaluminum alloy to steel, presence of intermetallics (IMC) is essential, but its excessive growth can degrade the joint qualityby its brittleness. In this study, joining of 2.5 mm thick Al5052 aluminum alloy and 1.4 mm thick DP590 high strength steelhas been carried out by FSW and TIG assisted hybrid friction stir welding (HFSW) through experiments and numericalanalysis. Joints characteristics of two process was compared to optimize the process parameters. A 3-D model was developedto estimate the thermal elastic–plastic characteristics of the joints. It was confirmed that the joint efficiency of HFSW jointshas been improved to 84% than that of FSW (74%). 2.74 μm thickness of IMC layer was formed in HFSW joints and satisfiedthe permissible thickness (under 10 μm). The maximum residual stress (σzz) in welding direction was slightly higherat the HFSW joints than at the FSW joints. The overall results from experiment and simulation confirmed that HFSW is aneffective way of joining Al5052 to DP590.

CT 소견상의 소위 염증성 육아종

홍승철,김현집,정희원,조병규,한대희,지제근,최길수,심보성 대한신경외과학회 1986 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.15 No.2

Authors report 10 cases of intracranial inflammatory granulomatous lesions which were identified on CT scan and proven pathologically after surgical excision. They were composed of three cases of tuberculoma, three cases of degenerated cysticercus, two cases of healed abscess and two cases of non-specific inflammatory lesions. Most patients were children or young adults. Seizure was the most frequent presenting symptom. All cases had characteristic CT findings in common a small nodular or ring-like lesion with strong enhancement surrounded by irregular-shaped low density area. Surgical exploration is of value in that specific diagnosis would not be possible with clinical and radiological findings only.