Potential role of SPHK1 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis

( Heeyon Kim ),( Bo Hee Won ),( Young Bin Won ),( Inha Lee ),( Jae Hoon Lee ),( Bo Hyon Yun ),( Seok Kyo Seo ),( Ju Hyun Park ),( Young Sik Choi ),( Sihyun Cho ),( Byung Seok Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-

Objective: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder that is characterized by chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility. However the pathophysiology of the disease remains unclear. Sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk 1), the key enzyme to produce sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has emerged as a significant signaling enzyme because it contributes to the tumorigenesis, inflammation, immunity, cell growth, angiogenesis, and production of cytokine and chemokine. The aim of this study is to reveal the potential role of SPHK1 in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods: During the surgery, possible endometrial and ovarian tissues in patients with and without endometriosis were obtained under informed consent. After RNA and protein extractions, expression levels of Sphk1 in eutopic endometrium of control and endometriosis, and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis were evaluated by using qRT-PCR and western blot. Also, cells were transfected with Sphk1 siRNA and qRT-PCR of Fibronectin, COL-1, Ki067, TGHb-1, TNF-a, MMP2, MMP9, and Sphk1 were done. Results: 14 endometrial samples without endometriosis, 13 endometrial samples with endometriosis, and 13 endometrioma samples were included in this study. Expression levels of Sphk1 mRNA was significantly higher in ectopic endometrium of endometriosis patient than eutopic endometrium of controls with p-value 0.044. Western blot revealed Sphk1 protein level was also higher in ectopic endometrium of endometriosis patient than eutopic endometrium of controls with p-value 0.015. qRT-PCR after transfection of SPHK1 siRNA revealed only TGFb-1 was statistically significantly increased(p-value 0.03) and Sphk1 was statistically significantly decreased(p-value 0.001) in endometriosis among 8 antibodies. Conclusion: Sphk1 expression was significantly elevated in the endometrioma compared to the endometrium of the control and sphingosine pathway might associated with pathogenesis of endometriosis. Also, Sphk1 level had negative correlation with TGFb-1 level in endometriosis.

Development of a novel biomarker for ovarian tumors

( Heeyon Kim ),( Bo Hee Won ),( Yun Jeong Park ),( Hae Won Baek ),( So Hyun Ahn ),( Hye In Kim ),( Inha Lee ),( Jae Hoon Lee ),( Bo Hyon Yun ),( Seok Kyo Seo ),( Young Sik Choi ),( Sihyun Cho ),( Jong 대한산부인과학회 2020 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.106 No.-

Objective: The object of this study is to evaluate cytokines in serum samples from normal controls, benign ovarian cyst groups, and ovarian cancer groups and analyze its effective value as the biomarker for ovarian tumors. Methods: Serum samples from the bank were used, including normal controls, benign ovarian cysts, early ovarian cancers, and advanced ovarian cancers. Several specific cytokine levels in human serum was measured using a sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method according to the manufacturers instructions. For evaluation of differences between four groups, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied. Diagnostic value for each markers and combinations were done by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and areas under the ROC curve (AUC). The best statistical cut-off values were calculated based on ROC curve with Delong method, and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values for selected cut-off points were then assessed using the generalized estimating equation method. Results: Cytokine A was significantly highest in the normal group compared to benign cyst, and ovarian cancer. Cytokine B was significantly lowest in the normal group, compared to benign cyst, and ovarian cancer. Cytokine A is overwhelmingly good in differentiate normal controls and patient with ovarian cyst. When cytokine A is combined with cytokine B and CA-125, it also plays a role to distinguish benign cyst and malignancies, early ovarian cancer and advanced ovarian cancer. In particular, combination marker is superior in specificity, discriminating benign cyst and malignancies, early ovarian cancer and advanced ovarian cancer compared to CA-125 alone. Conclusion: Cytokine A and B, especially when combined with CA-125, are the good candidate for ovarian tumor biomarkers.

Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Adults With Turner Syndrome

Kim SunYoung,Kim Heeyon,Lee Inha,Choi Euna,Baek JinKyung,Lee Jaekyung,Kim Hae-Rim,Yun Bo Hyon,Choi Young Sik,Seo Seok Kyo 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.1

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is a common chromosomal abnormality, which is caused by loss of all or part of one X chromosome. Hormone replacement therapy in TS is important in terms of puberty, growth and prevention of osteoporosis however, such a study has never been conducted in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine relationship between the starting age, duration of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in TS and develop a hormone replacement protocol suitable for the situation in Korea. Methods: This is retrospective study analyzed the medical records in TS patients treated at the Severance hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea from 1997 to 2019. Total of 188 subjects who had received a bone density test at least once were included in the study. Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used for achieving bone mineral density (BMD) of normal control group. Student’s t-test, MannWhitney U test, ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed using SPSS 18.0. Results: Each BMD measurement was significantly lower in women with TS than in healthy Korean women. Early start and longer duration of ERT is associated with higher lumbar spine BMD but not femur neck BMD. Femur neck BMD, but not lumbar spine BMD was significantly higher in women with mosaicism than 45XO group. Conclusion: Early onset and appropriate duration of hormone replacement therapy is important for increasing bone mineral density in patients with Turner syndrome. Also, ERT affects differently to TS patients according to mosaicism.

Comparison of the impact of methotrexate sclerotherapy and surgery on the ovarian reserve in ovarian endometrioma patients

( Sanghwa Kim ),( Yoen Ju Lee ),( Hye In Kim ),( Heeyon Kim ),( Bo Hyon Yun ),( Seok Kyo Seo ),( Sihyun Cho ),( Young Sik Choi ),( Byung Seok Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2022 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.108 No.-

Objective: To investigate the impact of laparoscopy assisted methotrexate (MTX) sclerotherapy and laparoscopic cystectomy on the ovarian reserve based on serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level in ovarian endometrioma patients Methods: From June 2016 to June 2020, 18 patients with ovarian endometrioma underwent laparoscopic cyst aspiration followed by in situ methotrexate injection (Group 1: surgery + MTX sclerotherapy) and 180 patients underwent laparoscopic cystectomy (Group 2: surgery). Using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), comparing the rate of decline of the serum AMH level between the two groups adjusted for the five covariates (preoperative AMH, age, BMI, Total O SIZE (sum of both ovaries size), cyst laterality) was done. Subgroup analyses controlled for age, Total O SIZE and cyst laterality were done. Results: There is no significant difference in the rate of decline of the serum AMH level between the Group 1 and Group 2 adjusted for the covariates (P =0.7366.). But the postoperative reduction of AMH level was comparatively less in Group 1 than Group 2 (Lsmean -33.1151. VS. -38.4669. ). In all the subgroup analysis, there is no significant difference in the percentage change of AMH between Group1 and Group2. But in the bilateral endometrioma group and the below 30 years old group analysis, decline of AMH level was relatively less in MTX sclerotherapy group. Conclusion: Compared with conventional surgical treatment of ovarian endometrioma having a negatively impact on post-operative ovarian reserve, MTX sclerotherapy showed non-inferiority. Especially the patient of bilateral ovarian endometrioma or age below 30 may expect a more favorable outcome in terms of decreased ovarian reserve. For ovarian endometrioma patient who want to get pregnant, MTX sclerotherapy could be better option.

THE EFFECT OF CATHETER-DIRECTED ETHANOL SCLEROTHERAPY ON OVARIAN RESERVE IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT ENDOMETRIOSIS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH PRIMARY ENDOMETRIOSIS

( Yeojin Lee ),( Jae Kyung Lee ),( Sanghwa Kim ),( Yeon Ju Lee ),( Kichang Han ),( Man-deuk Kim ),( Heeyon Kim ),( Seok Kyo Seo ) 대한산부인과학회 2022 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.108 No.-

Objective: Although the surgical treatment remains gold standared in endometrioma, ovarian reserve is injured after the hemostasis and excision of the cyst. Catheter-directed ethanol sclerotherpy is known to affect the ovarian function less, increase efficacy, and reduce complications. This study aims to investigate the changes in ovarian reserve after catheter-directed ethanol sclerotherpy in recurrent endometrioma. Methods: Electronic medical records and pictures in patients with endometrioma who underwent catheter-directed ethanol sclerotherpy were obtainted in single institution from August 2014 to April 2022. Patient with aged >18 years old and AMH level >1.0 and <5.0 were enrolled in the study and age, BMI, cyst diameter, unilaterality, number of loculation and AMH level and CA-125 level before and after 1month, 6month, 1year and 2year of sclerotherapy were obtained. Results: 139 patients were enrolled in the study under IRB. There was significant differnece in AMH level before sclerotherapy in primary and recurrent endometrioma(2.68 vs. 2.04, p-value=0.011). However, there was no statistically significant difference in delta value of AMH after sclerotherapy in primary and recurrent endometrioma in 1month, 6month, 1year and 2year after sclerotherpy(91.78% vs. 96.14%, 74.75% vs. 81.58%, 83.98% vs. 65.79%, 97.08% vs. 52.52%, with p-value=0.593, 0.695, 0.217, 0.069, respectively). Also, this results were consistent regardless of unilaterality and loculation and CA-125 level showed no differerence between primary and recurrent endometrioma on every 1month, 6month, 1year and 2year after sclerotherpy. Conclusion: The effect of Catheter-directed ethanol sclerotherpy on ovarian reserve is not inferior in recurrent endometrioma compared to primary endometrima. Since sclerotherapy is known to less deteriorate the ovarian function than surgical removal of endometrioma, clinician could consider this as the first-line therapy in patient with recurrent endometrioma.

내러티브 사고 중심 그림책 읽기 활동이 유아의 그림책 읽기태도에 미치는 영향

김희준(Kim, HeeJoon),박희연(Park, HeeYon),조명숙(Cho, MyoungSuk) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.20

The purpose of this study is to explore influence of picture book reading activity, the process of constructing meaning and communicating between readers’ world of life and story world reflected in narrative picture books, on children’s attitudes toward picture book reading. To this end, 40 participants of age 5 for this study were selected from a ‘H’ kindergarten in Kyungki area. The participants were divided into two groups: control group and experimental group. A picture book reading activity focused on narrative thinking was implemented for the experimental group while a general picture book reading activity was implemented for the control group. The results showed that the reading activity focused on narrative thinking has impact on children’s attitudes toward picture book reading. More specifically, among three subcategories of reading attitudes, there was a significant difference between two groups with regard to ‘attitudes toward interest in reading books’ and ‘attitudes toward behavior of reading books.’ However, there was no significant difference in terms of ‘attitudes toward behavior after reading books.’ The results indicated that a communication activity, which connects an imaginary narrative world in reading books to the children’s real narrative world, has positive influence on children’s attitudes toward picture book reading by causing more interest in picture books. 본 연구는 내러티브가 담겨 있는 그림책 속의 이야기 세계와 독자가 자신의 삶의 세계를 오가며 의미를 구성하고 소통하는 그림책 읽기 활동이 유아의 그림책 읽기 태도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 경기지역 소재 H유치원 2학급 만 5세 유아 40명을 대상으로 2017년 7월 31일부터 2017년 9월 28일까지 8주 동안 실험집단에게는 내러티브 사고 중심 그림책 읽기 활동을 실시하고 통제집단에게는 일반적인 그림책 읽기 활동을 실시하였다. 연구결과 내러티브 사고 중심 그림책 읽기 활동이 유아의 그림책 읽기 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 읽기 태도의 하위 요소에 따른 결과를 살펴보면, ‘책 읽기 관심에 대한 태도’와 ‘책 읽기 행동에 대한 태도’ 항목에서 실험집단과 통제집단 간의 유의한 차이가 있었으며, ‘책읽기 행동 후에 대한 태도’는 두 집단에서 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이 같은 결과는 그림책 속 가상의 내러티브 세계와 유아 자신의 현실의 내러티브 세계를 연결하는 소통 활동이 유아에게 그림책에 더욱 흥미를 가지게 하여 그림책 읽기 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다고 볼 수 있다.

Effect of particulate matter on endometriosis

( Inha Lee ),( Heeyon Kim ),( Bo Hee Won ),( Hye In Kim ),( So Hyun Ahn ),( Yun Jeong Park ),( Hae Won Baek ),( Jae Hoon Lee ),( Bo Hyon Yun ),( Seok Kyo Seo ),( Young Sik Choi ),( Sihyun Cho ),( Byun 대한산부인과학회 2020 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.106 No.-

Objective: Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder that is characterized by chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility. Although the adverse effects of particulate matter on the human body and many diseases are proven, studies of the effects on endometriosis and related infertility are insignificant not only in Korea but around the world. The object of this study is to evaluate the effect of the particulate matter on the endometrium of the endometriosis compared to controls. Methods: During the surgery, endometrial tissues in patients with and without endometriosis were obtained under informed consent. Benign ovarian cysts without endometriosis were served as controls. Each endometrium of the endometriosis and control cells were treated with 400ug of the urban particulate matter(SRM 1648a). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determinate the cell viability. After protein extractions, expression levels of four cell signaling molecules related to apoptosis, caspase3, BAX, Bcl-2, and p53 were evaluated by using western blot. Results: After treating the particulate matter, cell viability was decreased in endometrium of both endometriosis and controls, with significanlty higher decrease rate in endometriosis group. Also, Expression of Caspase3, BAX, p53 was lower in eutopic endometrium of endometriosis compared to controls while Bcl-2 was higher in endometriosis. When particulate matter was applied, all protein levels in eutopic endometrium of the controls were decreased, while the decrease tendency was not definite in the endometrium of the endometriosis group. Conclusion: Particulate matter affects the cell proliferation and apoptosis of the endometrium cells by altering the cell signaling molecules. The effect of particulate matter was different in endometriosis group compared with control group and endometriosis might have reseistance in particulate matter.

Association between Fractures and Low Muscle Mass in Korean Menopausal Women: Data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (2010–2011)

Yeojin Lee,Songhyeon Je,Hae‑Rim Kim,Jae Kyung Lee,Euna Choi,Jin Kyung Baek,Heeyon Kim,Bo Hyon Yun,Seok Kyo Seo 대한폐경학회 2023 대한폐경학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Objectives: This study used the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to determine the association between fractures and low muscle mass.Methods: This cross-sectional study used the 2010–2011 KNHANES data. Low muscle mass was defined as (appendicular skeletal muscle mass [kg]/Height2 [m2]) < 5.45 kg/m2, which is < 2 SD below the sex-specific mean of a young reference group. Patients with T-scores between –1.0 and –2.5 indicated osteopenia, whereas those with T-scores lower than –2.5 indicated osteoporosis.Results: Out of 1,306 women enrolled in the study, 330 were diagnosed with low muscle mass according to the abovementioned diagnostic criterion. The prevalence of fractures at various sites was significantly higher in postmenopausal women with low muscle mass than in those without low muscle mass (relative risk [RR], 1.64; odds ratio [OR], 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–2.48; P = 0.027). Furthermore, the prevalence of fractures was increased by the presence of osteopenia or osteoporosis in addition to low muscle mass (RR, 1.59; OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.02–2.49; P = 0.039) and by osteoporosis only (RR, 2.12; OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.11–4.70; P = 0.025).Conclusions: Fracture was more prevalent in postmenopausal women with low muscle mass than in those without low muscle mass. This finding is consistent in a subgroup analysis that included women who had osteoporosis or osteopenia. Moreover, the risk of fractures increased as low muscle mass worsened.

초등 예비교사 대상 보편적 학습설계 기반 온라인 학습 모듈 개발 및 적용 효과 탐색

이아현(Ahhyun Lee),김수연(Sooyoun Kim),이대식(Daesik Lee),이희연(Heeyon Lee),신재현(Jaehyun Shin) 한국통합교육학회 2021 통합교육연구 Vol.16 No.2

코로나 19로 온라인 수업에 대한 수요가 급증하면서 효과적인 교사교육을 위한 혁신적 교수-학습방법에 대한 논의의 필요성이 계속해서 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 보편적 학습설계 원리를 반영하여 상호작용을 포함하는 온라인 학습 모듈을 제안하고 초등 예비교사 28명을 대상으로 해당 모듈을 이수하게 하여 그 효과를 탐색하였다. 그 결과 예비교사들은 모듈 이수 후 보편적 학습설계 원리를 교수학습지도안에 적용할 수 있는 능력이 유의하게 향상되었으며 향후 교사가 되어서 다양한 학습자의 학습 욕구를 만족시키기 위하여 해당 원리를 교수 과정에 반영하고자 하는 강한 의지를 보였다. 본 연구는 보편적 학습설계 기반 온라인 학습 모듈을 통해 예비교사들이 통합학급의 특수교육대상 학생을 포함한 모든 학생의 학습 접근을 최대화할 수 있는 수업을 설계할 수 있도록 함과 동시에 장애를 포함한 다양한 학습적 요구가 있는 예비교사들의 접근성도 최대화했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. The COVID-19 has resulted in shifting all classes into online, followed by increased attention on how to effectively educate pre-service teachers in an e-learning format. This study suggests an interactive online module for teaching UDL (Universal Design for Learning) and explores the impact of the module on lesson plan development. After completion of the module, 28 pre-service teachers significantly enhanced their ability to design lesson plans using principles of UDL and showed strong willingness to apply the UDL principles in their future profession. With the online module embedded with the concept of UDL, the current study not only prepared teachers to improve their competency to develop lesson plans based on the UDL principles but also provided learning opportunities to the maximum extent possible for all teachers including those with special needs.

Tibolone and Breast Cancer

Jae Kyung Lee,Hyewon Yun,Heeyon Kim,Bo Hyon Yun,Seok Kyo Seo 대한폐경학회 2023 대한폐경학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Tibolone, a selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator, is a synthetic steroid with distinct pharmacological and clinical characteristics in contrast to conventional menopausal hormone therapy. Tibolone induces estrogenic activity in the brain, vagina, and bone but remains inactive in the endometrium and breast. In particular, several studies have investigated whether tibolone usage increases the risk of breast cancer. This study aims to determine the effects of tibolone on the breast by focusing on the relation between tibolone use and breast cancer. Our investigation emphasizes recent studies, particularly those based on Asian populations.