Artificial Inoculation on Several Culture Media of Paecilomyces japonica

Lee,He-Duck 한국자원식물학회 1998 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Association between High Diffusion-Weighted Imaging-Derived Functional Tumor Burden of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis and Overall Survival in Patients with Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma

An He,Perucho Jose AU,Chiu Keith WH,Hui Edward S,Chu Mandy MY,Ngu Siew Fei,Ngan Hextan YS,Lee Elaine YP 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.5

Objective: To investigate the association between functional tumor burden of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and overall survival in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma (OC). Materials and Methods: This prospective study was approved by the local research ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained. Fifty patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 57 ± 12 years) with stage III–IV OC scheduled for primary or interval debulking surgery (IDS) were recruited between June 2016 and December 2021. DWI (b values: 0, 400, and 800 s/mm2) was acquired with a 16-channel phased-array torso coil. The functional PC burden on DWI was derived based on K-means clustering to discard fat, air, and normal tissue. A score similar to the surgical peritoneal cancer index was assigned to each abdominopelvic region, with additional scores assigned to the involvement of critical sites, denoted as the functional peritoneal cancer index (fPCI). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the largest lesion was calculated. Patients were dichotomized by immediate surgical outcome into high- and low-risk groups (with and without residual disease, respectively) with subsequent survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the association between DWI-derived results and overall survival. Results: Fifteen (30.0%) patients underwent primary debulking surgery, and 35 (70.0%) patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by IDS. Complete tumor debulking was achieved in 32 patients. Patients with residual disease after debulking surgery had reduced overall survival (p = 0.043). The fPCI/ADC was negatively associated with overall survival when accounted for clinicopathological information with a hazard ratio of 1.254 for high fPCI/ADC (95% confidence interval, 1.007–1.560; p = 0.043). Conclusion: A high DWI-derived functional tumor burden was associated with decreased overall survival in patients with advanced OC.

흰쥐 악하선 세포에서 gap junction 봉쇄제인 octanol이 타액분비 및 세포내 Ca²+ 농도 조절에 미치는 영향

이승일,서정택,이종갑,이주석,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

세포내 유리칼슘(free calcium. Ca²+)은 세균에서 고등동물에 이르기까지 거의 모든 세포에서 세포 고유작용을 조절하는 중요한 세포내 신호전달체계(signal transduction system)의 매개체이다. 타액선 세포에서 부교감 신경 자극으로 타액분비가 증가될 때에도 세포내 Ca²+ 농도 증가가 가장 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 췌장(pancreas)의 경우 세포내 Ca²+ 이외에도 인접세포를 전기적, 화학적으로 연결해주는 gap junction이 외분비 기능을 직접적으로 조절할 가능설이 제시되었다. 타액선 세포에서도 세포막에 고농도의 gap junction이 존재하고 있으며, gap junction을 통해 인접세포들이 전기적, 화학적으로 연계되어 있어 gap junction이 타액선 세포의 기능을 직접적으로 조절할 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 gap junction이 타액선의 타액분비 작용에도 중요한 역할을 하며 이러한 작용이 세포내Ca²+ 농도를 조절하여 이루어질 것이라는 가정하에 이를 확인하는 실험을 시행하였다. 흰쥐 악하선에서 유리되는 타액양을 측정하기 위해서 악하선으로 혈액을 공급하는 동맥에 가는 관을 삽입하여 생리 식염수를 관류하면서 타액선관을 통해 타액을 채취하였다. 세포내Ca²+ 농도는 분리한 악하선 acini 내에Ca²+ 농도 변화에 민감하게 반응하는 형광물질인 fura-2를 축적시키고 형광 분석기를 사용하여 형광강도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. CCh 투여로 타액 분비가 증가하였을 때 gap junction을 봉쇄하는 약물인 octanol(1 mM)을 투여하면 타액분비가 봉쇄되었으며 이는 가역적 반응이었다. 2. CCh 투여로 세포내 Ca²+ 농도가 증가하였을 때 1mM octanol을 투여하면 세포내 Ca²+농 도가 CCh 투여전의 상태로 감소되었다. 3. Octanol은 CCh에 의하여 유발된 초기Ca²+ 증가를 억제하지는 못한 반면에 후기 vvvvv 농도를 감소시켰다. 4. 세포막 Ca²+ 통로를 열어주는 약물인 thapsigarain(1μM)을 투여하여 세포내Ca²+ 농도를 증가시킨 후 1mM octanol을 투여하면 세포내 Ca²+ 농도가 thapsigarain 투여 전의 상태로 감소하였다. 5. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ)의 투여로 세포막을 통한 Ca²+농도의 주기적 변동인Ca²+ 의 oscillation이 유발되었는데, 이때 1mM octanol을 투여한 경우에 Ca²+ 농도의 oscillation이 정지하여 역시 gap juncion을 봉쇄하면 TBQ에 의해서 유발된 세포내 Ca²+ 농도의 주기적 변동이 사라지고 Ca²+ 농도의 감소가 나타남을 확인하였다. 6. Gap junction을 봉쇄하는 또 다른 약물인 glycyrrhetinic acid(100μM)도 CCh 자극으로 인한 타액분비를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 gap junction은 흰쥐 악하선 세포로부터의 타액분비 조절에 중요한 역할을 하는 이는 gap junction이 세포막 Ca²+ 통로를 조절함으로써 수용체 자극으로 유발된 세포내 농도 변화에 영향을 미친 결과인 것으로 추측된다. From bacteria to mammalian cells, one of the most important mediators of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms which regulate a variety of intracellular processes is free calcium. In salivary acinar cells, elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ( 〔Ca²+〕 ) is essential for the salivary secretion induced by parasympathetic stimulation. However, in addition to〔Ca²+〕, gap junctions which couple individual cells electrically and chemically have also been reported to regulate enzyme secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. Since the plasma membrane of salivary acinar cells has a high density of gap junctions, and these cells are electrically and chemically coupled with each other, gap junctions may modulate the secretory function of salivary glands. In this reapect, I planned to investigate the role of gap junctions in the modulation of salivary secretion and 〔Ca²+〕 using mandibular salivary glands of rats. In order to measure the salivary flow rate, fluid was collected from the cannulated duct of the isolated perfused rat mandibular glands at 2 min intervals.〔Ca²+〕 was measured form the cells loaded with fura-2 by spectrofluorometry. The results obtained were as follows : 1. CCh-induced salivary secretion was reversibly inhibited by 1 mM octanol, a gap junction blocker. 2. CCh-induced increase in 〔Ca²+ 〕was also reversed by the applocation of 1 mM octanol. 3. Octanol did not block the initial increase in 〔Ca²+〕 caused by CCh, which suggested that the reduction of〔Ca²+〕 caused by gap junction blockade was not resulted from the inhibition of Ca²+ release from intracellular Ca²+ stores. 4. Addition of octanol during stimulation with 1μM thapsigargin, a potent microsomal ATPase inhibitor, reduced 〔Ca²+ 〕to the basal level. This suggested that inhibition of gap junction permeability closed plasma membrane Ca²+ channels. 5. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ) generated 〔Ca²+ 〕oscillations resulting from periodic influx of Ca²+ via plasma membrane. The TBQ-induced〔Ca²+ 〕 oscillations were stopped by the application of 1mM octanol which implicated that gap junctions modulate the permeability of plasma membrane Ca²+ channels. 6. Glycyrrhetinic acid, another well known gap junction blocker, also inhibited CCh-induced salivary secretion from rat mandibular glands. These results suggested that gap junctions play an important role in the modulation of fluid secretion from the fat mandibular glands and this was probably due to the inhibition ofCa²+ influx through the plasma membrane Ca²+ channels.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

운동 후 스포츠마사지가 혈중젖산 농도에 미치는 영향

이철원,박기헌,이희창 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

The Purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of sports massage on the Hood lactate concentration during the post-exercise recovery phase, Fifteen male university students were selected as subjects, Each subjects was grouped into three groups(rest recovery group, an exercise recovery group and a sports massage group) using systematic random sampling, ALL of the subjects who participated in this study were healthy and diagnosed that they were not suffering from any internal diseases. Work rate was loaded to all-out condition during thirty second by (body weight multiple 0.05)Kp load using a bicycle ergometer. Mood was sampled on the capillary blood-vessel of the finger tip at the pre-exercise stage and at 3, 5, 10 and 20 minutes after exercise, the Blood lactate concentration was analyzed by YSI, 1500, USA belonging to the Physical Education department laboratory, The main results of this study were as followings: First, At 20 minutes. in the post-exercise recovery phase, the Blood lactate concentration of RR group was 6.48±0.36(mmd/(L), ER group was 5.62±0.37(mmd/L), and that of the SM group was 5.71±0.62(mmd/L). the Blood lactate concentration removed more rapidly with exercise recovery and sports massage than with rest recovery(p<.05). Second, The recovery time of blood lactate concentration was significantly different from 3 minutes to 20 minutes during the post- exercise recovery phase(p<.05).

납유리 제조법의 연구

이민수,정홍석,임성팔,안도희,김광락,이성호,백승우,정해성,조연구 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

In this paper, the composition of lead glass was studied to lower the melting temperature. The composition of lead glass was silica, lead monoxide, sodium hydroxide, and other metal oxides which were blended in alkaline aqueous solution. The blend was dried and melted to produce transparent glass material. Using the composition suggested in this paper, it was possible to manufacture transparent lead glass easily at 700~900 ℃. And the dried bled material had very low softening temperature around 200℃ which can be applied in inorganic adhesives.

여고생의 여가활동 참가유형과 생활스트레스 분석

이철원,박기헌,이희창 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

The aim of this research is to investigate participation types of leisure activities of girls' highschool students and levels of their stress from daily life and enable them to spend their adolescence soundly. The objects of this research are 408 students in total, who are randomly selected ones, 100 students in each school and one class in eaach grade, in the 5 chosen schools among all the girl's high schools which are located in J city. Frequency, period, types, grade, etc of participation in leisure activities are used as independent variables and levels of their stress from daily life are used as dependent variables. Results derived from the research by the analysis of monistic dependent variable are as follows. 1) It proved that levels of stress caused by participation in leisure activities were the lowest in the freshman class of the high school of all the grades. 2) It proved that levels of stress caused by frequency and period of participation in leisure activities showed no difference between them. 3) It proved that levels of stress caused by types of participation in leisure activities were lower in the groups participation sports types than in the viewing and game activities.

産業體의 人力資源開發 效率化를 위한 敎育戰略

李星鎬,李惠先,金容周 연세대학교 교육대학원 1983 연세교육과학 Vol.24 No.-

Developing human resources has emerged as a significant area of national endeavor to fulfill. Employee education and training in industry has burgeoned in the past few decades with the increasingly huge public commitment to such national endeavor to develop human resources in this nation. At the outset, of course, most industry-sponsored educational programmes came into existence primarily by the business needs responding more quickly to changing demands in a technological society. However, a new recognition arose; that is, what employee education and training has achieved is equally valuable to every other formal educational institutions in terms of their contribution to national human resource development. This recognition has leached such a point as to describe the educational activities of industry as a second great educational force on a par with our postsecondary educational system. However, until now, the employee education and training has been ignored by traditional educators and research scholars, despite the growing recognition of its contribution. It has been kept at arm's length primarily because of its nature of existence in business. Relative to the amount of research available in other sectors of adult or lifelong education at the postsecondary level, research on the employee education and training is still sporadic, and frequently provides inconsistent data. The primary significance of this research includes partial fulfilment of such research paucity, in particular, on curricular strategy for effective human resource development, provision of useful resource for further curricular change, and establishment of conceptual scheme for development of a new program for employee education and training. The present research is primarily concerned with the curricular practices of employee education and training. More specifically, the purposes of this study were : 1) to examine the developmental trends in the age of technological change and their implications for human resource development activities in industry, 2) to develop a model of educational strategy for effective human resource development in industry, 3) to conduct a needs assessment based on the developed motel of educational strategy, and 4) to explore a course of development toward which our current employee education and training should be changed. After reviewing in some detail the technological change in this post-industrial or technetronic society, it is recognized that human resource development activities in industry, although not the sole means, are the best means by which the individuals can relieve themselves from the technical, humane, and educational obsolescence. Various activities can be designed specifically to involve the employee in his own tackling with increasingly pressing problems of obsolenscence and dislocation. In responding to the demands for exploration of activities of human resource development, Leonard Nadler, in his Developing Human Resources (Austin, Texas: Learning Concepts, 1979) conceptualized the three major activities: 1) training of job, 2) education for individual and 3) development of organization. This study established on the basis of Nadler's conceptualization its model of educational strategy for effective human resources development in industry. In addition, it was theoretically developed that the process of curriculum construction for effective human resource development in industry involves four stages - 1) analysis & planning, 2) organization, 3) implementation & management, and 4) evaluation and study. A needs assessment was conducted concerning the activities and the development process of curriculum for human resource development in industry. The subjects (N=226) were composed of employees of four large companies in Seoul City. The instrument for a needs assessment, developed by the researchers, included 32 statements (12 concerned with activity area and 20 concerned with development process) and 6 questions concerning personal background of the respondents. Each respondent was asked to identify on a Likert-typed 5-point scale how much the practice listed in each statement is actual and desirable in human resource development program in industry. The collected data were put into a statistical treatment using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. After obtaining such basic statistical values as mean and standard deviation, the obtained differences were analyzed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and pearson-product moment correlation. The level of significance was set at the .05 (5%) and .01 (1%) leselv. Replies from 226 employees revealed that the perceptions of desired practices in three activity areas were significantly higher than those of actual practices. Out of three activity areas, the area of job training was perceived as most actually practiced, and the area of organization development was perceived as most desirable practice in need. These two areas respectively yielded the difference of significance at 1% or 5% levels from the other two areas. Concerning the development process, it was found that the desired levels of practice were significantly higher (p<. 01) than the levels of actual practice in all four stages of development process. In particular, the stages of analysis-planning and organization marked the lowest levels of actual practice, while the stage of implementation-management obtained the highest level of desired practice. These stages respectively also yielded the significant statistical difference (p<. 05 or p<. 01) from the other areas in actual or desired practices. In general, except a few cases, the variables suck as sex, age, school attainment level, length of work experiences, position class, and job-function class made no effect on perceptual difference between or among the groups, whether in actual practice or in desired practice. The findings of analysis of documents and needs assessment provided basis for the conclusions as follows : 1. The human resource development activity in industry is increasingly recognized as an important educational force, not only for its business needs but also for a national endeavor to develop human resources, particularly within the context of idea of lifelong education. 2. The primary goal of human resource development in industry in this rapidly changing technetronic age is to help the employees overcome the technical, humane and educational obsolescence and dislocation. 3. The current practice of human resource development in this nation· s industry does keep rarely up with the desired practices in job training, individual education and organization development, while the current practice places its primary emphasis on job training. 4. The current development process of human resource development program in industry falls short of the employees' desired expectations in every and each stage of planning, organization, implementation and evaluation. 5. There are substantially different concerns on the part of employees, along with their position and job-function classes, of what the current actual practice is and what it should be. The results of this research have potential for benefit to change efforts of human resource development program in industry, as follows : 1. The activity areas of human resource development in industry should be inclusive and well-balanced of job training, individual education and organization development 2. There is a need to systematize the currently practiced process of curriculum development for human resource development in industry. 3. The professional group of specialists in human resource development must be secured, trained and refreshed continuously. 4. Each company or institution of human resource development should initiate its own self-evaluation study periodically. 5. There is a need to expand the cooperative channels of working between industry and universities as well as inter-industry cooperative ventures for human resource development. Throughout conducting this study, however, the researchers recognized some limitations. In particular, the subjects used in a needs assessment might not adequately represent the entire employee collectively. Due to such question of the representativeness of the sample, the conclusions drawn here should be generalized with a possible maximum of caution. The needs assessment should be replicated in extended circle of business and industry with a more representative sample and with a proper empirical assessment of validity and reliability of the instrument.

여자 수영선수들의 체력요인에 의한 경기력 결정요인 분석

이철원,박기헌,이희창 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.3

This study was undertaken to identify factorial structure of physical fitness components for female swimmers, In order to accomplish this purpose, the 8 physical fitness test were conducted to 2003 winter preliminary national delegate 30 female swimmers(20 female middle school swimmers, 10 high school swimmers). For the concretely, this study was conducted to physical fitness battery was grip strength, sit-ups, 1600m run, 10m shuttle run, standing trunk. flexion, closed eyes foot balance, Factor analysis was applied for analyzing factorial structure of each physical fitness components, The implication of the study are as follows; 1. Among the factors of physical fitness, two factors are important, The first called Factor I outcomes total ratio 35.910%, the second factor called Factor Ⅱ outcomes 17,347%. 2. Factor I is the standing high jump(.840), grip strength(.689), closed eyes foot balance(.491), 10m shuttle run(-.397), 160m run(-.377), standing trunk flexion(-.317) composed of speed, muscular strength, balance that had an impact on a maximum performance outcomes in female swimming match. 3. Factor Ⅱ is complex components factor composed of 10m shuttle run(-.714), standing trunk. flexion(.694), sit-ups(-.714), 1600m run(-.524).

나비目 終齡幼蟲의 血球에 關한 電顯的 硏究

梁凞永,李鳳熙,鄭啓憲 순천향의과대학 1979 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.1

Morphological studies on larval hemocytes of varioius insects were performed in two ways of research. Ⅰ. Finestructures. An electron microscopical study on hemocytes of last instar larvae of 12 species of Lepidoptera was performed to observe cell types, structrues, raions, relationships and their origins. The results are as follows; 1) Prohemocytes are the smallest round cells with large numlesus, poorly developed cytoplasmic organelles and lower composition ratio, accounting for less than 5% of all cell types. Little remarked differences were revealed among prohemocytes of varous insects and they are thought to be the origins of other cell types. 2) Palsmatocytes are relatively large cells with higher composition ration, accounting for about 40%. They could be subdivided into two forms, oval and spindle. Oval cells are rich in cytoplasmic projections and organelles. But the spindle cells include few of them, while nearly all of the spindle cells possess some microtubules as their cytoskeletons. Some marked difference were revealed among different insects. The most exceptional structure was the fibrous bundles located in both nucleus and cytoplasm in Sericinus telamon Donovan. 3) Granular cells are characterized by various granules in cytoplasm, and by higher composition ration, accounting for about 50% of all numbers. They could be subdivided into three forms, oval, round and spindle with fully developed cytoplasmic organelles and Projections. Cellular fractions were often noticed to be enclosed by granular cells, indicating some activities of phagocytosis. Granular cells are the most pleomo rphous of all cell types, and the most exceptional structures are the bundles of microfibrils in Phalerodonta manleyi Leech. 4) Adipohemocyte were found only in Plodia interpunctella Hubner. They are somewhat oval with few cytoplamic projections and less developed organelles. Some granular cells were found to accumulate lipid droplets into the cytoplasm by trapping floating lipid droplets, adn the adipohemocytes are believed to be originated from formers. 5) Sperule cells were found nearly in all specimens and characterized by sperules composed of flocculent materials. They are round or oval with few cytoplasmic organelles. The most conspicuous spherulesof all sperule cells were radial arrangement of sperules in Adristyrannus amurensis Staudinger and presence of the specific granules in Mamestra illoba Butler. Young sperule cells resembled the granular cells and it is possible that they originate from granular cells. 6) Oenocytoids are large cells and were found nearly in all specimens. They could be subdivided into 3 types according to their inclusions, such as microfibrils, microtubules and none of them. Young Oenocytoids resemble the giant plasmatocytes, perhaps in dicating to be originated from the latters. Ⅱ. Composition ratios of cell types from mid 5-instar to late prepupa. Composition ratios of cell types were investigated in phalerodonta manley; Leech and could be summarized as follows; 1) Prohemocytes disappeared from the stage of early prepupa. 2) Plasmatocytes increased in number at mid stages of each inster and decreased nearing to pupal stage. 3) Granular cells reached peak at early prepupal stage. 4) Adipohemocytes heavily increased at late prepupal stage. 5) Sperule cells increased at late stage of each instar and reached peak at late prepupal stage. 6) Oenocytoids increased at late stage of each instar and reached peak at early prepupal stage.