Secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a therapeutic dilemma

Kim, Seok Jin,Oh, Sung Yong,Kim, Jin Seok,Kim, Hawk,Lee, Gyeong-Won,Won, Jong Ho,Shin, Ho Jin,Yang, Deok Hwan,Choi, Chul Won,Park, Jinny,Kim, Won Seog,Suh, Cheolwon Springer-Verlag 2011 Annals of hematology Vol.90 No.5

A randomized comparison of cyclophosphamide vs. reduced dose cyclophosphamide plus fludarabine for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with aplastic anemia and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome.

Kim, Hawk,Lee, Je-Hwan,Joo, Young-Don,Bae, Sung Hwa,Hyun, Myung Soo,Lee, Jung-Hee,Kim, Dae-Young,Lee, Won-Sik,Ryoo, Hun Mo,Kim, Min Kyoung,Park, Jae-Hoo,Lee, Kyoo-Hyung Springer International 2012 Annals of hematology Vol.91 No.9

<P>Recently, a less toxic regimen comprising reduced cyclophosphamide (Cy), fludarabine, and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) (Cy-Flu-ATG) was used to condition high-risk patients scheduled for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHSCT) instead of standard Cy-ATG in patients with severe aplastic anemia (AA). We performed a randomized phase III study to compare the regimen-related toxicities (RRTs) of two different conditioning regimens: Cy-ATG vs. Cy-Flu-ATG. Patients in the Cy-ATG arm received Cy at 200 mg/kg. Those in the Cy-Flu-ATG arm received fludarabine (Flu) at 150 mg/m(2) and Cy at 100 mg/kg. A total of 83 patients (40 in the Cy-ATG and 43 in the Cy-Flu-ATG) were enrolled. Seventy-nine patients had AA and four had MDS. All predefined RRTs were significantly lower in patients of the Cy-Flu-ATG arm (23.3 vs. 55.0 %; p = 0.003). Infection with identified causative organism and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, hematuria, febrile episodes, and death from any cause tended to be more frequent in Cy-ATG arm but did not differ significantly between arms. There was no difference in neutrophil engraftment failure (2.5 vs. 2.33 %; p = 0.959), acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) (15.0 vs. 23.3 %; p = 0.388), and chronic GvHD (16.7 vs. 16.2 %; p = 0.961) between Cy-ATG and Cy-Flu-ATG arms. The 4-year survival rate did not differ between the Cy-ATG and Cy-Flu-ATG arms. Preconditioning with Cy-Flu-ATG was superior to that afforded by Cy-ATG in terms of reducing RRT levels without increasing engraftment failure.</P>

Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication for the 1st line treatment of immune thrombocytopenia patients with moderate thrombocytopenia.

Kim, Hawk,Lee, Won-Sik,Lee, Kyoo-Hyung,Bae, Sung Hwa,Kim, Min Kyoung,Joo, Young-Don,Zang, Dae Young,Jo, Jae-Cheol,Lee, Sang Min,Lee, Je-Hwan,Lee, Jung-Hee,Kim, Dae-Young,Ryoo, Hun-Mo,Hyun, Myung Soo,K Springer International 2015 Annals of hematology Vol.94 No.5

<P>The practical usefulness of Helicobacter pylori eradication for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients is still controversial. However, some ITP patients respond to H. pylori eradication. We conducted a multi-center, open label, prospective phase II study to define the efficacy and toxicities of H. pylori eradication as the first line treatment for persistent or chronic ITP patients with moderate thrombocytopenia. Patients with persistent or chronic ITP showing moderate thrombocytopenia (30??10(9)/L??platelet count??70??10(9)/L) and positive C(13)-urea breath test (UBT) were selected. Medication consisted of lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and clarithromycin 500 mg orally twice daily for a week. Complete response (CR) rate at 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and maximal response was 19.2, 50.0, 50.0, 26.9, and 65.4%, respectively. Overall response rate (ORR) at 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and maximal response was 19.2, 57.7, 65.4, 30.8, and 69.2%, respectively. Median maximal platelet count during the first 3 months was 110??10(9)/L (range, 40-274). Median time to CR was 8 weeks (95% CI?=?5.429-10.571). Median time to ORR was 4 weeks (95% CI?=?1.228-6.772). Only per-protocol population was a response predictor for ORR at 3 months (70.0%, p?=?0.054) and maximal ORR (80.0%, p?=?0.051), but not for CR at 3 months (60.0%, p?=?0.160). Therefore, eradication of H. pylori is an effective and durable first line treatment for persistent or chronic ITP with moderate thrombocytopenia with high ORR and rapid onset in this study.</P>

PTC Behavior of Polymer Composites Containing Ionomers upon Electron Beam Irradiation

Kim, Jong-Hawk,Cho, Hyun-Nam,Kim, Seong-Hun,Kim, Jun-Young The Polymer Society of Korea 2004 Macromolecular Research Vol.12 No.1

We have prepared polymer composites of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and ionomers (Surlyn 8940) containing polar segments and metal ions by melt blending with carbon black (CB) as a conductive filler. The resistivity and positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of the ionomer/LDPE/CB composites were investigated with respect to the CB content. The ionomer content has an effect on the resistivity and percolation threshold of the polymer composites; the percolation curve exhibits a plateau at low CB content. The PTC intensity of the crosslinked ionomer/LDPE/CB composite decreased slightly at low ionomer content, and increased significantly above a critical concentration of the ionomer. Irradiation-induced crosslinking could increase the PTC intensity and decrease the NTC effect of the polymer composites. The minimum switching current (Ι$\sub$trip/) of the polymer composites decreased with temperature; the ratio of Ι$\sub$trip/ for the ionomer/LDPE/CB composite decreased to a greater extent than that of the LDPE/CB composite. The average temperature coefficient of resistance (${\alpha}$$\sub$T/) for the polymer composites increased in the low-temperature region.

PTC Behavior of Polymer Composites Containing Ionomers upon Electron Beam Irradiation

Jong Hawk Kim,Hyun Nam Cho,Seong Hun Kim,Jun Young Kim 한국고분자학회 2004 Macromolecular Research Vol.12 No.1

신이식 후 발생한 중추신경계 림프종 증례

김동환,정진태,김정균,조동규,권태환,김용림,이규보,손상균,배선근,김찬덕,이영학 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.3

Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system is a rare disease, occurring spontaneously and/or in conjunction with immunosuppressive state. Its incidence is increasing according to the increment of organ transplantation and AIDS. Recently we experienced a case of primary lymphoma occurred in central nervous system after renal transplantation in a 58-year-old women who had complained of persistent headache and left hemiparesis. CT scan of the brain showed two hyperdense mass lesions in right frontal and right basal ganglia areas. Immunohistochemical stain of the excised mass lesion revealed that tumor cells were derived from B cells. The patient was treated with discontinuance of immunosuppressive drug and irradiation, but expired due to pneumonia.

Fixed dose rate infusion of gemcitabine with oral doxifluridine and Leucovorin for advanced pancreatic cancer: A phase 2 study

Hawk Kim,Jae Hoo Park,Young Joo Min 대한내과학회 2005 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

Fixed dose rate infusion of gemcitabine with oral doxifluridine and leucovorin for advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer: a phase II study.

Kim, Hawk,Park, Jae-Hoo,Shin, Su Jin,Kim, Mee-Ja,Bang, Sung-Jo,Park, Neung Hwa,Nah, Yang Won,Nam, Chang Woo,Joo, Kwang Ro,Min, Young Joo S. Karger 2007 Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.1

<P>The standard beneficial chemotherapy proven for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is a regimen containing gemcitabine. In the pregemcitabine era, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was the standard agent. Oral 5-FU can be added to gemcitabine to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and to provide better patient convenience. The possibility to improve efficacy of gemcitabine by fixed dose rate infusion (FDRI) was proposed in addition to combining it with 5-FU. We tried a new chemotherapy combining FDRI of gemcitabine with doxifluridine and leucovorin. Eligibility criteria were pathologically proven, chemotherapy-naïve, and metastatic or nonoperable advanced pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m(2) was infused over 100 min (days 1, 8 and 15). Doxifluridine 200 mg/m(2) t.i.d. and leucovorin 15 mg b.i.d. were given orally (days 1-21). Chemotherapy was repeated every 28 days until a patient had received 6 cycles or progression was found. Twenty-nine patients were enrolled from October 2002 to December 2004. A total of 78 cycles were given at a mean of 2.7 cycles per patient. Response could be evaluated in 26 patients. Responses were partial remission in 4/26 patients (15.4%), stable disease in 8/26 (30.8%) and progression in 14/26 (53.8%). All patients progressed except for 2 in partial remission and 2 in stable disease. Toxicities could be assessed in 23 patients. Maximal hematological toxicities greater than grade 2 were leucopenia in 3 patients (11.5%), neutropenia in 2 (7.7%), anemia in 2 (7.7%), thrombocytopenia in 1 (3.8%) and febrile neutropenia in 3 (11.5%). Maximal nonhematological grade 3 or 4 toxicities were asthenia in 1 patient (3.8%), anorexia in 1 (3.8%), vomiting in 1 (3.8%), diarrhea in 2 (7.7%), allergic reaction in 1 (3.8%), hand-foot syndrome in 1 (3.8%) and hyperbilirubinemia in 1 (3.8%). All 29 patients were dead on last follow-up. Median progression-free survival was 3.91 months in 26 evaluable patients and median overall survival was 5.59 months in all patients. Combination chemotherapy including FDRI of gemcitabine seems minimally active for patients with advanced, nonoperable pancreatic cancer. Further research to improve effectiveness of chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer is mandatory.</P>

Proteomics-Based Identification of Proteins Secreted in Apical Surface Fluid of Squamous Metaplastic Human Tracheobronchial Epithelial Cells Cultured by Three-Dimensional Organotypic Air-Liquid Interface Method

Kim, Seung-Wook,Cheon, Kyounga,Kim, Chang-Hoon,Yoon, Joo-Heon,Hawke, David H.,Kobayashi, Ryuji,Prudkin, Ludmila,Wistuba, Ignacio I.,Lotan, Reuben,Hong, Waun Ki,Koo, Ja Seok American Association for Cancer Research 2007 Cancer Research Vol.67 No.14

<P>Squamous cell carcinoma in the lung originates from bronchial epithelial cells that acquire increasingly abnormal phenotypes. Currently, no known biomarkers are clinically efficient for the early detection of premalignant lesions and lung cancer. We sought to identify secreted molecules produced from squamous bronchial epithelial cells cultured with organotypic culture methods. We analyzed protein expression patterns in the apical surface fluid (ASF) from aberrantly differentiated squamous metaplastic normal human tracheobronchial epithelial (NHTBE) and mucous NHTBE cells. Comparative two-dimensional PAGE analysis revealed 174 unique proteins in the ASF of squamous NHTBE cells compared with normal mucociliary differentiated NHTBE cells. Among them, 64 well-separated protein spots were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, revealing 22 different proteins in the ASF from squamous NHTBE cells. Expression of six of these proteins [SCC antigen 1 (SCCA1), SCC antigen 2 (SCCA2), S100A8, S100A9, Annexin I, and Annexin II] in the squamous NHTBE cells was further confirmed with immunoblot analysis. Notably, SCCA1 and SCCA2 were verified as being expressed in squamous metaplastic NHTBE cells but not in normal mucous NHTBE or normal bronchial epithelium. Moreover, SCCA1 and SCCA2 expression increased in in vitro lung carcinogenesis model cell lines with increasing malignancy. In summary, we identified proteins that are uniquely secreted from squamous metaplastic primary human bronchial epithelial cells cultured by the organotypic air-liquid interface method. These ASF proteins may be used to detect abnormal lesions in the lung without collecting invasive biopsy specimens.</P>

기업지배구조가 조세회피에 미치는 영향

김확열(Hawk Yeol Kim),최수영(Soo Young Choi),김형석(Hyung Suk Kim) 한국경영학회 2014 한국경영학회 통합학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.8

본 연구의 목적은 상장기업을 대상으로 기업지배구조가 조세회피에 미치는 영향 알아보고자 하였다. 외환위기 이후, 불투명한 경영관행을 개선하고 회계투명성을 높이기 위해 정부와 기업들이 기업지배구조 개선에 노력하여 왔다. 본 연구에서는 기업지배구조대용치로 이사회독립성, 감사위원회의 설치, 소유구조를 고려하여 대주주지분율 및 외국인주주 지분율을 내부지배구조 요인으로 사용하였고, BIG4회계법인과 감사보수를 외부지배구조로 사용하여 2011년부터 2013년 사이 한국거래소에 상장된 1,433개의 기업-연도 표본을 이용하여 조세회피성향을 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 조세회피 대용치를 조세부담인 유효법인세율로 측정한 경우, 첫째, 내부지배구조 요인인, 이사회의 독립성, 감사위원의 설치, 대주주 및 외국인지분율은 조세부담과의 관계에서 양(+)의 관련성을 가지는 것으로 입증되었다. 이사회, 감사위원회 및 대주주와 외국인주주의 요인들은 경영진의 적극적인 조세회피성향에 적절한 견제를 유지하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 그리고 둘째, 외부지배구조 요인인 외부감사인의 규모(BIG4대형 회계법인)와 감사보수는 조세부담과의 관계에서 양(+)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. BIG4대형 회계법인은 그들의 사회적 명성과 인지도를 고려하여 적정수준에서 보수적인 감사서비스를 제공하는 것을 의미하는 것으로 해석할 수 있으며, 감사보수를 수령할 경우, 피 감사기업의 경제적 의존도로 말미암아 경영진의 적극적인 조세회피에 부응할 것이라는 선행연구와 다소 다른 결과를 제공하고 있다. 차후의 연구에서, 조세회피 성향을 측정하는 대용치의 측정을 다양하게 적용한 경우에도 각 지배구조의 요인들이 상기 결과와 같은 해석을 도출하는지 여부를 재검토해 보아야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to find the effect of corporate governance structure on firms` tax avoidance tendency by using the listed companies in Korea Exchange between 2011 and 2013. This study accepted the Rezaee`s (2009)view of internal and external governance structure split upon corporate governance. In order to verify the effect of independent variables, this study used the independence of directors` board, audit committee, major and foreigner shareholder presence as internal governance structure. And it employes outside audit having partnership with Big4 and audit fee as external governance structure. To measure tax avoidance as a dependent variable, it used the estimated accumulation of previous three years effective tax rate. The results from this study are as follow. When tax avoidance is measured by effective tax rate, First, the internal factors of corporate governance structure above have positive (+) relation with tax avoidance proxy as tax burden. This result can be interpreted as the corporate governance factors above check on the executive`s active tendency of tax avoidance. Second, the external factors of it have positive(+) association with tax avoidance proxy as the burden of taxation. It is meaning that outside auditors having partnership with big4 tend to focus on their reputation, brand awareness and future business more. And the outside auditors keeps the conservative tendency of their audit report even if they take quite lots audit fee. If future study adds various other proxies to measure tax avoidance, there will be more chance to make more detailed comparison with these results above.