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Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk
Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6
Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.
Han, Sang Yun,Kim, Eunji,Hwang, Kyeonghwan,Ratan, Zubair Ahmed,Hwang, Hyunsik,Kim, Eun-Mi,Kim, Doman,Park, Junseong,Cho, Jae Youl MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.5
<P>Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a well-studied polyphenol with antioxidant effects. Since EGCG has low solubility and stability, many researchers have modified EGCG residues to ameliorate these problems. A novel EGCG derivative, EGCG-5′-<I>O</I>-α-glucopyranoside (EGCG-5′Glu), was synthesized, and its characteristics were investigated. EGCG-5′Glu showed antioxidant effects in cell and cell-free systems. Under SNP-derived radical exposure, EGCG-5′Glu decreased nitric oxide (NO) production, and recovered ROS-mediated cell viability. Moreover, EGCG-5′Glu regulated apoptotic pathways (caspases) and cell survival molecules (phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1)). In another radical-induced condition, ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, EGCG-5′Glu protected cells from UVB and regulated the PI3K/PDK1/AKT pathway. Next, the proliferative effect of EGCG-5′Glu was examined. EGCG-5′Glu increased cell proliferation by modulating nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity. EGCG-5′Glu protects and repairs cells from external damage via its antioxidant effects. These results suggest that EGCG-5′Glu could be used as a cosmetics ingredient or dietary supplement.</P>
( Han Saem Kim ),( Jae Yun Lim ),( Ju Yeon Choi ),( Jung In Kim ),( Jung Min ),( Hyun Min Seo ),( Sang Hyeon Hwang ),( Young Jun Choi ),( Ho Joo Jung ),( Jae Hui Nam ),( Ga Young Lee ),( Won Serk Kim 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: Low fluence 1,064nm Q-switched Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has been widely used for pigmentary disorders. Up to now, there has been no reliable study to evaluate an effect of 1,064nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for senile lentigo. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the beneficial effect of low fluence 1,064nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser in treatment for senile lentigo on the face. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients treated with fluence 1,064nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for the purpose of skin brightening. Only 14 patients with multiple senile lentigos were included in this study. All side effects were recorded to assess the safety of the modality. Results: Mean age of patients was 56.7【10.7 years old and male-to-female ratio was 1:6. Mean treatment fluence was 1.57【0.26J/cm2, and mean total treatment sessionwas 9.5【2.1. Mean interval period between each session was 25.7【11.7 days, and mean treatment session to reach marked improvement was 8.7【2.3. At final visit, 9 of 14 (64.3%) reached near total and marked improvement, and 4 of 14 (28.6%) reached moderate improvement. 2 of 14 (14.3%) experienced transient pigmentary changes. Conclusion: Low fluence 1,064nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser may be considered as an effective and safe optional modality for the treatment of senile lentigo.
Torque Improvement of Wound Field Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicle by PM-Assist
Hwang, Sung-Woo,Sim, Jae-Han,Hong, Jung-Pyo,Lee, Ji-Young IEEE 2018 IEEE transactions on industry applications Vol.54 No.4
<P>In order to improve the performance of the wound field synchronous motor (WFSM), the permanent magnet assist (PM-assist) is investigated in this paper. The effect of the PM-assist is dependent on the inserted position of the PMs. Thus, four models whose PMs are inserted at each different position are suggested. Then, the most effective position of the PM is decided by the mean torque per employed amount of the PM. By inserting the PMs into the decided position of a WFSM designed for a small electric vehicle traction, the PM-assisted WFSM is designed. By comparing the torque and the efficiency of the original WFSM and the PM-assisted WFSM, the effectiveness of the PM-assist is figured out. Finally, the validity of this research is verified by the experiment using the manufactured WFSM.</P>
Han, Hye-Yeon,Kim, Hyung Joon,Jeong, Seung-Hwa,Kim, Jiyeon,Jeong, Sung-Hee,Kim, Gyoo Cheon,Hwang, Dae-Seok,Kim, Uk-Kyu,Ryu, Mi Heon Hindawi 2018 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2018 No.-
<P>Jaceosidin is a single compound from the Japanese mugwort<I> Artemisia princeps</I>, which is used as a food and a traditional medicinal herb.<I> A. princeps</I> extracts and flavonoid components have been shown to have antihyperglycaemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Although the anticancer properties of these extracts were recently demonstrated, the related mechanisms have not been characterised. In this study, we investigated the effects of jaceosidin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and initially showed selective suppression of proliferation (IC<SUB>50</SUB> = 82.1 <I>μ</I>M in HSC-3 cells and 97.5 <I>μ</I>M in Ca9.22 cells) and accumulation of cells at the sub-G1 stage of the cell cycle. In addition, jaceosidin increased cleavage of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in OSCC cells, although caspase-8 was not detected. In further experiments, jaceosidin downregulated Akt phosphorylation and ectopic activation of Akt blocked the antiproliferative effects of jaceosidin. Finally, we showed that jaceosidin has no effects on HaCaT normal epithelial cell viability, indicating selective chemotherapeutic potential of jaceosidin and that tumour-specific downregulation of Akt increases apoptosis and inhibits growth in OSCC cells.</P>
Hwang, Sook-Yung,Kim, Hye-Ryoung,Kim, Joo-Hyung,Park, Jong-Han,Lee, Sang-Bum,Cheong, Seung-Ryong,Kim, Heung-Tae The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2010 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.26 No.1
Thirty-six isolates of Colletotrichum spp. were obtained from infected grapes in two different locations of Korea; 18 isolates from Cheonahn, where carbendazim (MBC) and the mixture of MBC and diethofencarb (NPC) had been applied to control grape ripe rot, and 18 isolates from Cheongju, where no fungicides had been used. Sequences analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the $\beta$-tubulin gene identified 34 of the 36 isolates as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The remaining two isolates from Cheongju were identified as C. acutatum. Of the 18 isolates from Cheonahn, 12 were resistant to both MBC and the mixture (MBC+NPC), and six were sensitive to them. All C. gloeosporioides isolates from Cheongju, but not the two C. acutatum isolates, were sensitive to these fungicides. Sequence analysis of the $\beta$-tubulin gene in all isolates revealed that C. gloeosporioides resistant to MBC and MBC+NPC had a tyrosine instead of phenylalanine at the amino acid position 200. The appearance of resistance to MBC and the mixture in C. gloeosporioides correlated with the history of fungicide application in Korea.
Hwang, Young Sun,Seo, Minseok,Lee, Bo Ram,Lee, Hong Jo,Park, Young Hyun,Kim, Sang Kyung,Lee, Hyung Chul,Choi, Hee Jung,Yoon, Joon,Kim, Heebal,Han, Jae Yong The Company of Biologists Limited 2018 Development (Cambridge) Vol.145 No.6
<P>The phylogenomics and comparative functional genomics of avian species were investigated in the Bird 10,000 Genomes (B10K) project because of the important evolutionary position of birds and their value as a research model. However, the systematic profiling of transcriptional changes prior to oviposition has not been investigated in avian species because of the practical difficulties in obtaining pre-oviposited eggs. In this study, a total of 137 pre-oviposited embryos were collected from hen ovaries and oviducts and subjected to RNA-sequencing analyses. Two waves of chicken zygotic genome activation (ZGA) were observed. Functionally distinct developmental programs involving Notch, MAPK, Wnt and TGF beta signaling were separately detected during cleavage and area pellucida formation. Furthermore, the early stages of chicken development were compared with the human and mouse counterparts, highlighting chicken-specific signaling pathways and gradually analogous gene expression via ZGA. These findings provide a genome-wide understanding of avian embryogenesis and comparisons among amniotes.</P>
Han, Chae-seong,Kim, Sol,Lee, Sung-eun,Choi, Siyoung,Kim, Soo-hwan,Yoon, In sun,Hwang, Yong-sic Elsevier 2018 Journal of plant physiology Vol.224 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, much effort has been made to determine the molecular links and cross-talk between sugar and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. ABA-inducible expression of <I>OsTIP3;1</I>, encoding a rice tonoplast intrinsic protein, was enhanced by sugar depletion. Such a stimulatory increase in <I>OsTIP3;1</I> expression under sugar-starvation is possibly not owing to changes in endogenous ABA content. The transient expression assay indicated that the 5′ flanking region of <I>OsTIP3;1</I> delivered similar collaborative responsiveness to starvation and ABA, suggesting that this gene promoter could be a good molecular probe to examine the interaction between sugar and ABA signaling pathways. Targeted mutagenesis demonstrated that disruption of ACGT cores decreased the induction of <I>OsTIP3;1</I> promoter activity under either starvation or ABA, whereas mutation of coupling element 1 (CE1), which is an ABI4 binding site, reversely increased it, suggesting that those two distinct <I>cis</I>-regulatory elements reciprocally regulate the responsiveness of this promoter to both sugar and ABA. Consistent with this result, antisense inhibition of <I>ABI4</I> increased the <I>OsTIP3;1</I> promoter activity. <I>ABI4</I> expression was also enhanced by sugars and repressed by ABA, suggesting that reduced ABI4 binding to CE1 in the absence of sugar and presence of ABA could increase ABA-induction of the <I>OsTIP3;1</I> promoter activity.</P>