Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

종격동 종괴를 의심케한 우대동맥궁 1례

김만우,백학연,정춘해,장경식,홍순표,조건국,김종진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1987 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.12 No.1

Developmental anomalies of the aortic arch, commonly known as vascular rings, are relatively rare congenital vascular anomalies which can compress the trachea and esophagus. One routine chest film of a patient who was checked and hepatoma-diagnosed in Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital left the room for doubt of mediastinal mass. But no subjective symptoms for the mass was told by the patient. This is to report our experience of a patient having right side aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery, as proved by diagnosis, but none of congenital heart disease. This right side aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery is the most frequent type among right aortic arch, the anomaly of which is usually detected from the incidental suspicion for mediastinal mass at routine chest film; because no symptoms are accompanied therewith.

Salmonella sp.의 신속한 동정을 위한 증진배양의 개선에 관한 연구

김기태,김태우,옥순학,이영호,백운화 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

식품 및 생활폐수내의 존재하는 Salmonella spp.에 대한 효율적이고 신속한 동정을 위한 증진배야업을 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 균주인 S. enteritidis 생육을 촉진시키기 위한 방법으로 cAMP 및 yeast extract를 사용하였는데 전자인 경우는 배지내의 농도가 10 mM 이상일 때 10^-3 cfu/ml의 균수로 7시간 배양후 균수가 control보다 약5배의 증가를 보였으며 후자인 경우는 0.6% 첨가시 10배의 증가를 보였다. 다른 균주들에 대한 선택적인 성장효과를 보기위하여 selenite broth와 bile salts를 사용하였고 이때 사용된 균주는 Staphylococcus aureus, Pesudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus plantarum 및 Escherichia coli이었고 bile salts의 농도가 0.1%일때 네 가지 균주의 증식에 대한 억제 효과가 있었다. 두 단계의 증진배양법으로서 1차 증진배양에서는 selenite broth에 0.6% yeast extract를 첨가한 것으로 2차 증진배양에서는 0.1% bile salts를 첨가한 것으로 하였는데 타균과의 혼합배양에서 Salmonella의 초기균수가 10^0.3일 때 14시간 증진배양으로 10^8.5 cfu/ml까지 증식을 보였으며 초기균수가 1 cfu/100 ml인 경우는 10시간의 1차 증진배양과 6시간의 증진배양으로 약 10^7의 증식속도를 나타내었다. The development of an enrichment method for the rapid and effective identification of Salmonella spp. in sewage or food was studied. As a growth factor for Salmonella, 10 mM cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in trypticase soy broth with 0.6% yeast extract (TSBYE) increased cell number five-folds and 0.6% yeast extract in selenite broth increased cell number ten-folds of control. Bile salts in slenite broth was tested for the selection of S. enteritidis in a mixture with Staphylococcus aureus, Pesudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus plantarum and Escherichia coli. The latter four strains were effectively inhibited at 0.1% bile salt. A two-step culture method was used to enrich Salmonella spp.; a primary-enrichment and secondary-enrichment culture. At a primary-enrichment step, selenite broth with 0.6% yeast extract and 10 mM cAMP was used, and at a secondary-enrichment step, -0.1% bile salt was additionally used. Culture times of a primary-enrichment and a secondary-enrichment step were 8 hr and 6 hr, respectively. In this procedure, cell number increased from 10^0.3 to 10^8.5 with inhibition of other strains within 14 hr. In the case of an initial cell concentrarion as low as 10^-2 cfu/ml, a cell number increased to 10^7 cfu/ml by using a 10 hr primary-enrichment and 6 hr secondary-enrichment procedure.

신장 무발생과 골반 자궁내막증이 동반된 흔적자궁각 거대혈종

김학순,정은환 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2003 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.13 No.2

여성생식기 발생 과정에서 한쪽의 뮐러관이 불완전하게 발달하거나 융합이 이루어지지 않아 흔적만 보이는 경우를 흔적자궁각이라고 하며 이는 매우 드물게 발견된다. 대개는 20대 이후에 자궁외임신의 형태로 발견되지만, 초경이 있은 후 2년 내에 내원한 10대 환아에서 동측의 신장 무발생과 골반 자궁내막증이 동반된 흔적자궁각의 거대혈종을 발견하고 제거수술을 통해 성공적으로 치료한 예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. The rudimentary horn results from developmental lack of one Mullerian duct, or from lack of fusion, and is rarely found, Although most cases have been diagnosed in the second decade of life as ectopic pregnancy, we found a teenage girl with huge hematometra of the rudimentary horn associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis and pelvic endometriosis in the second year of her menstruation, and successfully treated her by resecting the rudimentary horn. We report the case with a brief review literatures.

한국 조리식품의 칼슘과 인의 함량에 대한 고찰

김순덕,김정생,김학란,정은숙 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1985 家政大論集 Vol.4 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate the content of calcium and phosphorous andtheir blance in the korean foods which were composed of boiled rices (9 kinds), soups(34 kinds), pot stews (27 kinds), roasted foods (26 kinds), hard boiled foods (22kinds), jerkings (21 kinds) and seasoning (22 kinds) as side dishes. Boiled rice, boiled rice and cereals, and rice ball among 9 kinds of boiled rices wereextremely acidic food as their P/Ca ratio was higher than 5, but hash rice, fried rice,olio rice and mixed soup rice among them were lower than 2. In the soup5, only P/Ca ratio of young brocken soup among them was the range of3 to 4, and the ratio of chicken soup, shopped beef soup and the rest 31 kinds werelower than 2. In the pot stews, P/Ca ratio of ·soybean curd residue and shank pot stew were therange of 3 to 4, the rest 25 kinds were lower than 2. Among the 91 kinds of side dishes, the P/Ca ratio of roasted potato green pepper,hard boiled hot green pepper, hard hotted beef potato, hard boiled hair tail, roastedonion, grilled pumpkin, rolled egg fry and roasted mackerel pike were the range of-3 to 4. Extremely acidic foods above 4 were roasted chicken potato, roasted pork, roasted'common octopus, roasted anchovy, roasted thin strips cuttle fish, chicken pot stew,roasted pork potato, roasted pork, roasted pork with soy sauce, fried potato Onlon fried:chicken, fried pork potato, fried cuttle liver, fried pork, roasted spanish mackerel .ard iced thin strips of cuttle fish, and almost of the rests were lower than 2. As above results, there were characteristics which acid-base balance of korean foodswere not balanced independently, but could control the balance with compositions as amenu, while there were some unbalanced foods owing to calcium content which werecomposed boiled rice, meat soup and side dish prepared from meat.

自我尊重感이 衣服行動에 미치는 影響 : 男·女 高校生을 中心으로

金順九,尹鶴子 한국의류학회 1986 한국의류학회지 Vol.10 No.1

This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between the personality characteristic (the self-esteem) and the clothing behaviors according to the sex and the five environmental variables. This study was designed with the hypothetic model regarding the age and the five environmental variables as Independent Variable, the self-esteem as Intervening Variable, the eight clothing behaviors as Dependent Variable. For the testing hypothesis, the questionnaries were adminstered to 335 high school boys and 308 high school girls in Pusan. The data was analyzed statistically at the B.N.U. Computer Center using to the Path Analysis (by Multiple Regression Analysis Method). The results were as follows: 1. There was significant difference in the self-esteem according to the sex. Boys had nigher scores than girls. 2. There was no significant relationship between the self-esteem and all the environmental variables of this study. 3. There were significant differences in the clothing benavior subscales according to the sex. Girls had higher scores than boys in every clothing behavior subscales. 4. There were partial relationship between the clothing behavior subscales and the environmental variables. 5. There was a highly significant relationship between the self-esteem and the clothing behavior subscales except Comfort and Modesty. A negative significant subscale were Interest, Psychological Dependence, Social Approval and Special Attention. 6. There were positively significant relationship among the clothing behavior subscales except Modesty-Aesthetics, Modesty-Interest, Modesty-Psychological Dependence and ModestySpecial Attention.

男 ·女 高等學生들의 健康에 對한 硏究

金學順 韓國學校保健學會 1993 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.6 No.2

This study intended to examine closely the reasons which influence the health status and to health behavior of teenagers and plan the developemnt of the school health education. The subject of this study was the boys, and girls' high school students in Chonguy city. The number of them was totally 632 and the period was from July 9 to 14 ,1990. 1. The Health Status of Teenagers. I have examined closely the health status teenagers. They nswered they continued to go to school, ever though the majority of teenager and troubles in their sleeping and felt sick. As for one's health, most of teenagers were in a good condition and were sometimes worrying about their health condition. 2. The Degree of Intersest and Responsibilities of Teenagers for Their Own Health. In the responsibility of teenagers for their own health the answer,' my health depends on my taking care of it ', had the highest grade, 4.67. And the answer, 'I am in a good health condition because I have taken of my health very well', had the lowest average, 4.1. In the degree of interest of teenagers for their own health, the problem of studying had the highest degree, 4.48 and the use of drugs, the smoking behavior, masturbation, the drinking behavior and the birth control were the lowest degree. 3. The Health Behavior of Teenagers. In this part, teenagers performed about 64 percent's health behavior on the pint of 3.37. 4. The Comparsion of the Health Behavior, the Healt Responsibility and the Health Interest of the Subject According to the General Characteristics. The results were as follows : 1) There are siginificantly different in the health behavior according to sex (t=6.23, p<.001), smoking experience (t=5.33,p<.001), living place (t=5.09,p<.001), ranking of brothers (F=4.19, p<.01), economic situation (F=6.57, p<.001). 2) There are siginificantly different in the health respondibility according to sex (t=2.31, p<.05), experiened by disease (t=1.92, p<.05). 3) There are significantly different in the health interest according to the chronic disease experience of family (t=3.29, p<.001), smoking experience(t=2.71, p<.01). 5. The Correlation of Health Behavior, the Health Responsibility, the Health Interest and the Health Locus of Control of the Subject. The health behavior showed the positive correlation with the health responsibility (r=.2906, p<.001), and the health responsibility showed the positive correlation with health interest (r=.0938, p<.01). Also the health behavior showed the positive correlation with powerful others health locus of control (r=.2606, p<.001), and internal health locus of control (r=.2023, p<.001), the health responsibility showed the positive correlation with internal health locus of control(r=.4541, p<.001), and chance health locus of control (r=.1352, p<.001), and the health interest showed the positive correlation with interanl health locus of control (r=.0920, p<.001), powerful others health locus of control (r=.1907, p<.001), chance health locus of control (r=.1191, p<.01). On the basis of the above result, we can find the fact that the interest of teenagers for their own health is increasing. And so, it is necessary for the school health management to establish the new curriculum which strengthens the health education for the planning of one's desirable health management. Besides we need efforts to develop the standard scale through the analysis of all reasons which influences the teenagers health status and health behavior.

重金屬이온의 除去를 위한 새로운 이온 交換樹脂製造에 關한 硏究

李學沂,金祐埴,金淳植 慶北大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

Crosslinked polyacrylamide was prepared from acrylamide and divinylbenzene by the radical polymerization in methanol to prepare crosslinked polyvinylamine by the Hoffmann reaction. A Crosslinked aminocarboxylic acid resin was finally prepared by the reaction of the crosslinked polyvinylamine and chloroacetic acid. Another Aminocarboxylic acid resin was also prepared to make reference to the reaction of the crosslinked polyvinylamine with chloroacetic acid. The ion exchange capacities of the crosslinked aminocarboxylic acid resin for Zn^+2, Cu^+2, Co^+2, and Ni^+2 varied with pH and proved to be relatively high with the pH range of 6-7. The order of ion exchange for heavy metal ions was Zn^+2〉Cu^+2〉Co^+2〉Ni at the above pH region.

새로운 Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors의 합성

최순규,김형민,조승환,최학기,박유미,이용균,정대일,김인식,한정태 동아대학교 부설 기초과학연구소 2004 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.21 No.1

노인성 치매의 일종인 alzheimer's disease의 효과적인 억제제를 합성하기 위해 우리는 분자 모델링에 의한 가장 적합한 물질인 m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid를 합성하였다. 출발물질인 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate의 경우 boronic acid의 작용기인 hydroxyl group을 protecting시킴으로써 반응의 안정성을 기하였다. Quarternary ammonium salt는 과량의 methyliodide와 염기 촉매인 potassium hydrogen carbonate를 사용하여 용매인 methanol에서 반응시켜 상당히 높은 수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 과량의 methyliodide와 염기촉매인 potassium hydrogen carbonate를 사용하여 용매인 methanol에서 반응시킨 결과 boronic acid의 protection없이도 안정하게 반응이 진행되어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. In order to syntheisize a effective inhibotor for alzheimer's disease, we synthesized m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid 4 which is designed by molecular modeling form. We protected the hydroxyl group of 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate 1 with ethlyne glycol to remove the reactivity if hydroxyl group. To synthesize m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid 4, we reacted 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate 1 with ezcess methyl iodide and potassium hydrogen carbonate as a base-catalyst in methanol. but On executed reaction without protection on hydroxyl group, we found out the result that the hydroxyl group of boronic acid group at 3-aminophenylboronic acid monohydrate 1 didn't react with excess methyliodide. Synthesized m-[(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)phenyl]boronic acid 4 is in progress about biological tests as a plausible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

검도본의 변천과정에 관한 연구

박순진,김영학,정동권 대한무도학회 2000 대한무도학회지 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the Bon(本) of the current form of Kumdo, from its establishment to revisions and amendments, and to identify the practical significance and the technical stucture of the Bon for its adaptation to the training process of modem Kumdo. The Bon of Kumdo is largely divided into the Bon of Daedo(大刀; long sword) and the Bon of Sodo(小刀; short sword), the former comprising seven kinds, the later three kinds. The current type of Bon that is used in different competitions and tests is the Japanese style, which was completes in 1933. This Bon synthesized the complex and various Kumdo techniques in a condensed form, which are, from the perspective of modern Kumdo, entirely the techniques of the first move of rare, the most simplified attacking techniques: or, from the perpective of attacker, of which the main body are made up of rare movements. Among these, only the seven Bons of the Daedo are equal first moves, and only the three Bons of the Sodo are in the form of the non-deadly sword, not the killing kind. Such Bon of Kumdo are selective kinetic expressions of the purpose, the method, the soguence, formalized through the experiences of numerous practicxians and accumulation of researches. The Bon of Kumdo must reflect and synthesize the most basic and desired techniques of all and serve as the purification of all Kumdo practices, including manners, facing posture, attack and defnse, distance, cheering, and concluding attitudo. As specified above, the Bon must serve as a means of rejecting self=aggrandizement and superfluous exaggeration, which result form negligence of the martial chsciphne. The Kutn(劍) as the menans of martial art can always turn to a performative object. Accordingly, it is necessary to examine the relation between the Bon of Kumdo and the Bon of modern Kumdo formalized as a competitive game. The Bon of Kumdo is the condensed form of all Jinkum(眞劍; real-sword) technigues of the past, rather dm a form necessitated for Jukdo(竹刀; Bamboo-sword). In other words, the characteristics of the Jinkum and the Jukdo are fundamentally different from each other. It is thus necessary to develop a new form that suits the Jukdo usage on top of the current Bon.