단일 사례 사격선수의 집중루틴 훈련의 효과

장덕선,김병준,구해모,신동성 한국스포츠심리학회 2004 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 소총사수 P의 집중력 훈련에 관한 것이다. P 선수는 만 21세의 남자선수로서 운동경력은 8년이며, 10M 공기소총이 주종목이다. 집중력훈련은 단일사례실험 중 가장 단순한 시계열 설계인 AB 설계를 적용하였다. A단계에서 집중력, 주의력 질문지가 1-2주 간격으로 4회 반복측정 되었으며, B단계는 7월-10월까지 집중력 훈련이 진행되는 기간으로 개별면담과 질문지 측정, 수행평가를 위한 시합기록이 수집되었다. 집중력 질문지는 1개월에 1회 측정되었고, 주의력 검사지는 집중훈련 전과 후에 각각 한차례 시행되었다. 집중 루틴은 선수의 개인적 습관과 장점을 최대한 존중하여 훈련과 최고시합 때 습관적으로 하는 행동과 생각을 포함시켜 상당한 시합 부담 상황에서도 최고시합때의 행동과 생각의 흐름을 유지할 수 있도록 강력한 의미를 가진 행위와 키워드로 구성하였다. 완성된 루틴 프로그램은 4개월 훈련 후 집중력과 주의력, 수행평가를 실시하였다. 훈련결과 루틴 훈련은 집중조절 능력을 향상시켰으며, 주의유형은 긍정적인 형태는 증가하고 부정적 형태는 감소하였다. 수행 기록은 루틴 훈련 과정에서 출전한 5회 시합에서 모두 결선에 진출하므로서 수행향상에도 기여한 것으로 밝혀졌다. This study is about a concentration training of a rifle Marksman, P, The male Marksman P is 21 years old, and has played a rifle for eight years. His major is 10M air rifle. We apply AB design which is the simplest time-series design among single case experiments. In A step, we have applied the questionnaire for examining the ability of concentration and attentiveness for four times at an interval of 1 or 2 weeks. In B step, we developed a programme for improving the concentration training and applied it to the player. During the training in B step, which had continued from July to October, we have collected individual interviews, survey, records of games in order to evaluate achievement. The questionnaire for concentration has been served once a month, and the TAIS has been operated once each time before and after the concentration training. The concentration routine is directed to the way of considering the athlete's personal habit and merit most. Therefore, the concentration routine includes the essential matters of habitual acting and thought in ordinary training and in the final match. The concentration routine is consist of powerful meaningful movement and keyword in order to maintain the stream of movement and thought at the final match even though the Marksman is under the heavy pressure of the game. The practice evaluation has been done by a completed routine programme after the four-month-training. After examining the result of the evaluation, the concentration training improves the ability of controlling concentration. The positive type of TAIS is increased and the negative type is decreased. About the record of achievement, the player had advanced to the final once before the training, on the other hand, advanced to all the five final matches after the training. Consequently, it is discovered that the concentration training contributes to the achievement.

운동선수들의 지능검사를 이용한 인지심리적 능력에 관한 연구

구해모(Gu Hai-Mo),장덕선(Chang Duk-Sun) 한국코칭능력개발원 2006 코칭능력개발지 Vol.8 No.3

우수선수 발굴을 위한 협응능력 평가방안

구해모(Hai-Mo Gu),박성률(Sung-Lyul Park) 한국체육과학회 1996 한국체육과학회지 Vol.5 No.1

배드민턴 복식대표선수의 경기내용 분석과 전술적 능력 향상 방안

구해모 ( Hai Mo Gu ),김홍기 ( Hong Gi Kim ),이승민 ( Seung Min Lee ),유소연 ( So Yeon Yu ),( Ganzorig ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2011 체육과학연구 Vol.22 No.4

이 연구는 국가대표 배드민턴 복식(남녀 및 혼성) 선수들의 경기력 향상과 메달 획득 가능성을 높이기 위해 대표선수들이 세계정상급 복식조들과 경기할 때 요구되는 전술적 능력을 향상시키는 구체적인 방안들을 마련하는 데 그 목적을 두었다. 연구 대상은 남복·여복·혼합복식 대표선수로 선정하였으며, 세부종목별로 상대선수와의 경기 중 연구 대상별 7-8경기를 분석대상으로 타란툴라 분석시스템을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 남자복식조는 서비스 상황에서 롱서비스 7%, 숏서비스 93%를 시도하였으며, 숏서비스 시도는 득점 14.3%, 실점, 33.3%, 그리고 계속 52.4%로 나타났다. 서비스리시브 상황에서는 롱서비스를 리시브하여 득점 11.1%, 실점 22.2%, 그리고 계속 66.7%로 나타났으며, 숏서비스를 리시브하여 득점 27%, 실점 8.9%, 그리고 계속 63.3%로 나타났다. 여자복식조는 서비스 상황에서 롱서비스 12.8%, 숏서비스 87.2%를 시도하였으며, 숏서비스 시도는 득점 21.1%, 실점 26.5%, 계속 52.4%로 나타났다. 서비스리시브 상황에서는 롱서비스를 리시브하여 득점 20%, 실점 60% 계속 20%로 나타났으며, 숏서비스를 리시브하여 득점 27.8%, 실점 8.9%, 계속 63.3%로 나타났다. 상대의 숏서비스에 대해 리시브 시 자신의 타구에 대한 상대 타구방향을 예측하는 확률을 높이고 득점으로 연결할 수 있는 패턴을 숙지해야 할 것이다. 혼합복식조는 서비스 상황에서 롱서비스 4.1%, 숏서비스 95.9%를 시도하였으며, 숏서비스 시도는 득점 22.8%, 실점 32.5%, 계속 44.7%로 나타났다. 서비스리시브 상황에서는 롱서비스를 리시브하여 득점 33.3%, 실점 44.4%, 계속 22.2%로 나타났으며, 숏서비스를 리시브하여 득점 15.8%, 실점 22.1%, 계속 64.1%로 나타났다. 상대의 숏서비스에 대한 리시브에서 전술적, 기술적 실수를 줄이는 것을 목표로 훈련과 시합을 하는 것이 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to provide specific methods of improving strategic ability for performance enhancement on national badminton double players. The research participants were national badminton double players (male double, female double, and mixed double) and 7-8 competitions per research participant were analyzed with using Tarantula analysis system. The results were as follows: Firstly, male badminton double players tried 7% long service and 93% short service, short service were result in 14.3% scoring, 33.3% losing, and 52.4% continuing. In service receiving situation, receiving long service were result in 11.1% scoring, 22.2% losing, and 66.7% continuing. However, receiving short service were result in 27% scoring, 8.9% losing, and 63.3% continuing. Secondly, female badminton double players tried 12.8% long service and 87.2% short service, short service were result in 21.1% scoring, 26.5% losing, and 52.4% continuing. In service receiving situation, receiving long service were result in 20% scoring, 60% losing, and 20% continuing. However, receiving short service were result in 27.8% scoring, 8.9% losing, and 63.3% continuing. There is a need of getting familiar with the patterns to increase the ratio of anticipating opponents` hitting direction. Thirdly, mixed badminton double players tried 4.1% long service and 95.9% short service, short service were result in 22.8% scoring, 32.5% losing, and 44.7% continuing. There is a need of increasing long service even though giving offense, and it needs to be prepared to deal with opponents` smashing. In service receiving situation, receiving long service were result in 33.3% scoring, 44.4% losing, and 22.2% continuing. However, receiving short service were result in 15.8% scoring, 22.1% losing, and 64.1% continuing. Therefore, players need to be trained and be in competitions for decreasing strategic and skill mistakes on opponents` short service.

국가대표 배드민턴 선수의 타구 예측능력 향상을 위한 지각기술훈련 프로그램 개발과 적용

구해모 ( Hai Mo Gu ),이승민 ( Seung Min Lee ),김연자 ( Yun Ja Kim ),김선진 ( Seon Jin Kim ),한동욱 ( Don Wook Han ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2009 체육과학연구 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구는 국가대표 배드민턴 단식 선수의 타구 예측능력 향상을 위한 지각기술훈련 프로그램을 개발하고 적용하여 그 효과를 알아보는것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위하여 경력 10년 이상의 국가대표 선수 8명(남자 4명, 여자 4명)이 실험에 참여하였다. 먼저, 지각기술훈련 프로그램 개발을 위해 선수들의 시선행동을 분석한 선행연구(구해모, 2005; 김선진 등, 2007)를 바탕으로 지각기술훈련 구성을 위한 필수변인을 선정하였다. 선정한 변인을 기반으로 선수 개인별 지각기술훈련 프로그램을 개발하였으며, 안구 움직임 추적 장치, 영상동조시스템, 시각차단 시스템을 활용하여 8주간 훈련을 실시하였다. 실험과제는 개발된 지각기술훈련 프로그램을 적용한 후 안구 움직임 추적 장치를 착용하고 실제 코트에서 서비스 후 상대선수가 무작위로 공격하는 타구(스매시, 드롭, 클리어)에 대해 수비하는 상황에서 시선행동, 반응 시간, 그리고 개인 면담을 통해 그 효과를 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 피험자들은 상대선수의 타구동작을 더 오랫동안 보고 타점으로 이동하는 시선행동 패턴을 보였으며, 상대선수의 타구 임팩트 후 더 빠르게 자신의 라켓과 무릎을 타구방향으로 이동시키는 것으로 나타났다. 시선고정 위치에서 공격 구간에서 셔틀과 몸통 영역의 시선고정시간이 감소하고, 팔 영역의 시선고정시간이 증가하였다. 지각기술훈련 효과에 대한 선수들과의 면담에서도 긍정적인 변화가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해서 적절한 사전시각단서의 활용과 시선행동 전략에 대한 지각기술훈련이 선수들의 타구 예측능력에 긍정적인 영향을 준다고 할 수 있다. This research was to determine whether the anticipatory skill of national level badminton players can be better improved by perceptual skill training. For this study, eight (4 males and 4 females) Korea national badminton players participated voluntarily in this experiment. Previous study combined the temporal and spatial occlusion paradigms to ascertain which key stimuli badminton players use for anticipating the direction of forehand smash. The main study then evaluated a program for perceptual skill training; 200 video clips of forehand badminton smash played by national players were shown from the view of the returning player. This was followed by 8 weeks of training (two times a week, 30 minute unit).The result of the perceptual training showed that there has been a significant improvements in response time of racket and knee, and tracking speed of eye movement to shuttle after impact. There was a significant differences in visual fixation time on shuttle, upper-body, and arm area between before and after training. Tracking speed of eye movement to shuttle after impact was also faster after training. These results mean that perceptual skill training effectively improved anticipatory skill. This study confirms that perceptual skill training have effects on national level badminton players. Well-designed visual perception skill training is needed to enhance effectively attention control ability during the game and anticipation ability of players to search "information-rich areas" in proper time.

스포츠 심리학 : 배드민턴 선수들의 심리적 문제와 심리조정 방안에 대한 조사 연구

구해모 ( Hai Mo Gu ) 한국체육학회 1993 국제스포츠 학술대회 Vol.1993 No.-

배드민턴 단식경기에서 타구 코스 예측력과 그 정보원

구해모,성한국 한국스포츠심리학회 1992 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Thoughts of Korean Women Badminton Singles Players in Various Situations during Games

( Joo Hyun Lee ),( Hai Mo Gu ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2004 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.16 No.2

The purposes of this study were; 1) to investigate the thoughts of Korean women badminton singles players before and during their games, 2) to extract rational thoughts in order to make them optimally perform by specifically identifying intentional thoughts which appeared in various situations, and 3) to help those who lack specific thoughts and/or have improper thoughts to have rational and appropriate thoughts for the competitions by providing appropriate programs that fit various competition situations. Twelve players were the subjects of this study(two top-elite level, five national level, and five company/university level players). A half-structured interview representing specific game situations was administered individually in order to identify their thoughts during competitions in general and during strokes. The personal interview questionnaire were made from my experiences as a badminton coach for 20 years and with the help of sport psychology consultants. The interview questionnaire included potential occasions that could happen in singles matches. It was divided into three situations, before and during competitions, and during strokes. After the interview, a qualitative research method was utilized to analyze the content of the interview. Results revealed that the thoughts during the competition were various. That is, there were mixed positive and negative thoughts, and there were specific and non-specific thoughts as well. Differences were found between top-elite and elite players and according to game situations. Especially, top-elite players didn`t yield their will regardless of any situation during the game, rather they even enjoyed those situations or had fun in the situations. In addition, they simply focused on each moment of the game and did their best. They hardly show their emotional swings, nor did they reveal their emotions during the game. Also, top-elite players recognized exactly the situation of each stroke when they or the opponent hit the shuttlecock. They said that they sent the shuttlecock in the direction intended and focused on the place where the opponent could send it back. In addition, they showed relatively low mental changes influenced by external moods or game situations.

The Construction of Sports Talent Identification Models

( Byoung Goo Ko ),( Hai Mo Gu ),( Dong Ho Park ),( Jin Ho Back ),( Seong Won Yun ),( Myung Chun Lee ),( Jong Gak Lee ),( Duk Sun Chang ),( Seung Yun Shin ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2003 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to construct sports talent identification models. To this end, conventional processes for developing talent identification models were reviewed, and, through this effort, basic and specific sports talent identification models that are constructed using theoretical factor models and statistical evaluation models were designed. The basic sports talent identification model is used to diagnose general sports performance ability and identify optimal sports events. This theoretical factor model is constructed using common factors such as height, weight, body composition, arm strength and endurance, arm power, body strength and endurance, leg strength and endurance, leg power, aerobic ability, speed, agility, and flexibility. These common factors are needed to perform most sports and are obtained through inductive classification analysis based on prior research and selection criteria, and through expert seminars. The specific sports talent identification model is used to diagnose event specific abilities of adolescents who are determined to have the best general sports ability (i.e., who rank among the best using the basic sports talent identification model). This theoretical factor model is constructed using specific factors such as physique, fitness, and physiological characteristics needed to perform each sport, and with the use of medical tests, a maturity test, and psychological and sociological tests (the tests are the same for all and not sport-specific). These specific factors are obtained through prior research, investigation of selection criteria, and expert seminars. The evaluation model for sports talent identification was constructed by applying standard distance analysis using T-scores.

노인의 체육활동 참여 실태 및 활성화 방안 연구

김양례 ( Yang Rea Kim ),구해모 ( Hai Mo Gu ),조성식 ( Seong Sik Cho ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2004 체육과학연구 Vol.15 No.4

본 연구는 만 60세 이상 노인의 체육활동 참여 실태를 분석하고 이를 토대로 노인체육진흥을 위한 활성화 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 2003년 현재 만 60세 이상의 노인을 모집단으로 설정한 다음 노인의 연령, 성, 거주지역 등을 고려하여 전국적으로 1,017명을 표집하였다. 본 연구의 대상을 만 60세 이상으로 선정한 이유는 노인복지법상 노인인 65세의 전 단계로서 노인체육의 주요 대상이 되기 때문이다. 조사도구로는 설문지가 사용되었다. 설문조사 문항은 문화관광부(2000)의 국민생활체육활동 참여 실태조사와 한국보건사회연구원(1998)의 전국 노인생활실태 및 복지욕구조사를 토대로 하였으며, 면접조사는 노인체육 전문가와 심층면접 등을 통해 초안을 작성한 후 보완 수정하여 완성한 후 사용하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS/PC+WINDOW VERSION10.0의 기존 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석과 χ2 검증을 실시하였다. 이러한 절차를 통해 노인의 체육활동 참여 현황과 체육활동 효과, 장애요인 등을 종합적으로 분석하고 이를 토대로 노인체육 활성화 방안을 인식제고, 제도, 프로그램, 지도자, 시설, 홍보 측면에서 제시하였다. 인식제고 측면에서는 노인이 인식하고 있는 주관적 참여 장애요인을 제고하기 위한 교육이, 제도적 측면에서는 공공체육시설에 경로우대 제도 도입과 공공체육시설 생활체육관 내 운동처방실 운영이 필요하다. 프로그램 측면에서는 노인체육 프로그램 확대 실시와 단체 스포츠종목 위주의 가족단위 체육활동 프로그램 확대가, 지도자 측면에서는 노인체육 전문 지도자 양성 및 배치가, 시설 측면에서는 시설 이용 극대화 및 복합 체육시설 건립이, 그리고 홍보 측면에서는 참여 촉진을 위한 홍보활동 강화가 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to examine the current status of physical activity of the aged and to propose the plans for improving sport participation for them. Total 1,017 subjects were samples from the population of over 60 years old aged considering at their age, sex, and residence area. The reason for this was that they were in preliminary stage of 65 years old which was prescribed as the aged in the elderly welfare act in Korea, and they were also the main targets for improving the elderly sport participation. For methodology, the survey method were used. The contents of the questionnaire were initially referred to previous works of Korea Ministry of Culture and Tourism(2000) and Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs(1998). While the interview items were at first drafted by in-depth interviewing with the experts at these areas, and finally used after adequate supplements and revisions. The frequency analysis and chi-square test were performed using SPSS package for PC Windows. Throughout these procedures, the current status of physical activity of the aged, its effects, and barriers were analysed synthetically. And based upon the results, the plans for improving sport participation of the aged were proposed as being follows. ① From the side of raising recognition, the educational programs for promoting their recognition and removing the subjective and emotional barriers for the elderly to participate at physical activity should be set up. ② From the side of system, introducing preferential treatment of the elderly in the public physical activity facility, reenforcing the evaluation procedures of program development and introducing program certification system, and expanding supports at sports goods and managing them continuously were needed. ③ From the side of program, managing the physical activity prescription room in the public physical training gymnasia, developing and propagating specialized and tailor-made programs for elderly, and enlarging the family-oriented physical activity enterprises mainly as team sport events were needed. ④ From the side of instruction, training and arranging many professional instructors suitable for the various needs of the elderly were needed. ⑤ From the side of facility, both making full use of existing physical activity facility and erecting new sports complex were needed. ⑥ From the side of public relation, strengthening promotional activities for physical activity participation of the elderly were needed.