Anti-inflammatory Effects of KOTMIN13: A Mixed Herbal Medicine in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells and Mouse Edema Models

Lee, Eujin,Kim, Sun-Gun,Park, Na-Young,Park, Hyo-Hyun,Jeong, Kyu-Tae,Choi, Jongkeun,Lee, In-Hae,Lee, Hwadong,Lee, Eunkyung Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2017 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.13 No.50

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>A Korean herbal medicine, KOTMIN13, composed of <I>Inula japonica</I> Thunberg, <I>Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz</I> var. <I>japonica kitamura</I>, <I>Peucedanum praeruptorum</I> Dunn, and <I>Allium macrostemon</I> Bge, has been used for anti-allergic and anti-asthmatic treatment in oriental clinics, but its activity has not been investigated.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of KOTMIN13 for <I>in vitro</I> study, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were used to induce the production and expression of inflammatory mediators and its mechanisms. 12-<I>O</I>-Tetradecanoylphorobol-13 aceate (TPA)-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema models were also used to evaluate the effect of KOTMIN13 on acute inflammation <I>in vivo</I>.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>KOTMIN13 reduced the release of inflammatory mediators [nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6] and the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Mechanism studies showed the attenuation of LPS-induced NF-κB activation by KOTMIN13 via IκBα degradation abrogation and a subsequent decrease in nuclear p65 levels. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK, JNK, and p38) was also suppressed. Furthermore, KOTMIN13 ameliorated the development of TPA-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in acute inflammatory edema mouse models.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Our study demonstrates that KOTMIN13 inhibits inflammatory mediators through the inhibitions of NF-κB and MAPK activities in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, as well as acute inflammation in edema models, indicating that KOTMIN13 is an effective suppressor for anti-inflammatory activities.</P><P><B>SUMMARY</B></P><P><P>KOTMIN13 decrease the production of No, PGE<SUB>2</SUB>, and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-∝, IL-1β,IL-6).</P><P>KOTMIN13 Suppressed the degradation of NF-kβ and IKβα and the phosorylation of MAP Kinases.</P><P>Topical application of KOTMIN13 reduced mouse ear edema.</P><P>Oral administration of KOTMIN13 decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema.</P></P> >[FIG OMISSION]</BR><P><B>Abbreviations used:</B> NO: nitric oxide; PGE2: prostaglandin E2; iNOS: inducible NO synthase; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL: interleukin; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappaB; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinases; ERK: extracellular signal regulated kinase; JNK: c-jun N terminal kinase; TPA: 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate</P>

위성기반 해빙 농도 산출물들의 품질 일관성 분석

이은경 ( Eunkyung Lee ),서민지 ( Minji Seo ),이경상 ( Kyeong-sang Lee ),최성원 ( Sungwon Choi ),이다래 ( Darae Lee ),진동현 ( Donghyun Jin ),권채영 ( Chaeyoung Kwon ),김홍희 ( Honghee Kim ),허모랑 ( Morang Huh ),한경수 ( Kyung-soo 대한원격탐사학회 2017 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구에서는 산출 방법에 따른 해빙 자료 간의 차이를 조사하기 위하여 1980-2010년 북극 지역의 EUMETSAT OSI SAF, NASA Team(NT)의 해빙 농도와 해빙 면적의 차이를 비교하였다. 그 결과 두 자료의 해빙 농도와 해빙 면적이 계절별, 해역별로 다른 일관성을 보였다. 계절별로는 OSI SAF의 해빙 농도가 전체적으로 0.85 %, 봄 0.48 %, 여름 0.97 %, 가을 1.38 %, 겨울 0.66 % 높게 나타났다. 해역별로는 북극해에서 OSI SAF의 해빙 농도가 2.7 %, 해빙 면적이 19.8만 ㎢ 높았으나 링컨해 일부에서는 해빙 농도가 2.3 %, 해빙 면적이 2만 ㎢ 낮게 나타났다. We compared sea ice concentration(SIC) and sea ice extent(SIE) using EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facilities(OSI SAF) and NASA Team(NT) sea ice algorithm in the Arctic during 1980-2010 to investigate the difference between sea ice data applied different algorithms. SIC and SIE of the two data showed different consistency by season and by sea area. Seasonally, SIC of OSI SAF was 0.85 % overall, 0.48 % in spring, 0.97 % in summer, 1.38 % in autumn and 0.66 % in winter higher than NT SIC. By sea area, OSI SAF SIC was 2.7 %, SIE was 198,000 ㎢ higher than NT in Arctic Ocean, but in Lincoln Sea, OSI SAF SIC was 2.3 %, SIE was 20,000 ㎢ lower than NT.

고분자전해질 연료전지 연료극의 수소품질 실증

이은경(EunKyung Lee),백재훈(JaeHoon Baek),남태호(Taeho Nam),이정운(JungWoon Lee),이승국(SeungKuk Lee),이연재(YeonJae Lee) 한국신재생에너지학회 2016 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

Influence of Alkyl Side Chain on the Crystallinity and Trap Density of States in Thiophene and Thiazole Semiconducting Copolymer Based Inkjet-Printed Field-Effect Transistors

Lee, Jiyoul,Chung, Jong Won,Jang, Jaeman,Kim, Do Hwan,Park, Jeong-Il,Lee, Eunkyung,Lee, Bang-Lin,Kim, Joo-Young,Jung, Ji Young,Park, Joon Seok,Koo, Bonwon,Jin, Yong Wan,Kim, Dae Hwan American Chemical Society 2013 Chemistry of materials Vol.25 No.9

<P>The influence of alkyl side chains on the crystallinity of semiconducting copolymer films and their sub-bandgap density-of-states (DOS), the latter being closely related to the stability and the device performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), is investigated. Three different poly(hexathiophene-alt-bithiazole) (PHTBTz) based polymer semiconductors, with identical backbones but different side chain positions and lengths, were synthesized. The crystallinity examined by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) strongly depends on the number, position, and length of each type of alkyl side chain attached to the thiophene and thiazole copolymer backbones. Also, the sub-bandgap trap DOS distributions were extracted by performing multiple-frequency capacitance–voltage (MF-CV) spectroscopy on the field effect devices. The relationship between film crystallinity and trap DOS in the field-effect transistors can be interpreted in terms of the complex interplay between the number, position, and length of each alkyl side chain for efficient π–π stacking. In particular, the number and position of the alkyl side chain attached to the polymer backbone significantly affects the device performance. Poly(tetryloctylhexathiophene-alt-dioctylbithiazole) (PHTBTz-C8) exhibits the best electrical performance among the different semiconductors synthesized, with a relatively low bulk trap density of ∼2.0 × 10<SUP>20</SUP> cm<SUP>–3</SUP> eV<SUP>–1</SUP> as well as reasonable hole mobility of ∼0.25 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>. The microstructural analyses of this organic material strongly suggest that the short π–π stacking distance induces strong interaction between adjacent polymer backbones, which in turn results in enhanced electrical properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2013/cmatex.2013.25.issue-9/cm400592b/production/images/medium/cm-2013-00592b_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm400592b'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Formation of ZnO nanostructures grown on Si and SiO2 substrates.

Lee, Seungjin,Park, Eunkyung,Lee, Jongtack,Park, Taehee,Lee, Sang-Hwa,Kim, Jae-Yong,Yi, Whikun American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.9

<P>ZnO nanorods are grown on Si-based substrate by chemical bath deposition method in aqueous solution using zinc nitrate hexahydrate. Various substrates having different surface morphology are used to evaluate their effect on growing ZnO nanorods, such as flat Si(100) wafer, small and large textured-Si wafer, porous silicon, flat SiO2 wafer, small and large textured-SiO2 wafer. The length, diameter, geometry, and coverage density of ZnO nanorods are investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and summarized. SiO2 is a preferred substrate for the growth of ZnO nanorods to Si if the surface morphology of substrate is same, and the textured surface has much higher coverage density (> 95%) than the flat surface. Each nanorod is vertically grown along the c-axis on the top of each pyramid face for textured substrate, and forms the 3D sea sponge-like ZnO structure. The characteristics of ZnO nanorods grown on various substrates are analyzed by grazing-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements.</P>

Rupture force of cell adhesion ligand tethers modulates biological activities of a cell-laden hydrogel

Lee, Min Kyung,Park, Jooyeon,Wang, Xuefeng,Roein-Peikar, Mehdi,Ko, Eunkyung,Qin, Ellen,Lee, Jonghwi,Ha, Taekjip,Kong, Hyunjoon The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Chemical communications Vol.52 No.26

<P>Recent efforts to design a synthetic extracellularmatrix for cell culture, engineering, and therapies greatly contributed to addressing biological roles of types and spatial organization of cell adhesion ligands. It is often suggested that ligand-matrix bond strength is another path to regulate cell adhesion and activities; however tools are lacking. To this end, this study demonstrates that a hydrogel coupled with integrin-binding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) tethers with pre-defined rupture forces can modulate cell adhesion, differentiation, and secretion activities due to the changes in the number and, likely, force of cells adhered to a gel. The rupture force of DNA tethers was tuned by altering the spatial arrangement of matrix-binding biotin groups. The DNA tethers were immobilized on a hydrogel of alginate grafted with biotin using avidin. Mesenchymal stem cells showed enhanced adhesion, neural differentiation, and paracrine secretion when cultured on the gel coupled with DNA tethers with higher rupture forces. Such innovative cell-matrix interface engineering would be broadly useful for a series of materials used for fundamental and applied studies on biological cells.</P>

The Effects of Performance Routine on Competitive State Anxiety, Psychological Skills, and Perceived Performance of Taekwondo Poomsae Players

( Eunkyung Lee ),( Jungtaek Shin ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2016 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of performance routine on competitive state anxiety, psychological skills and perceived performance of Taekwondo form players. The participants were composed of three women Taekwondo form players in university. The instruments of this study were composed of TOPS (Test of Performance Strategy Inventory), Revised Competitive State Anxiety-2 (Revised CSAI-2), Competition reflection Questionnaires, and perceived performance inventory. The performance routine program for Taekwondo form players was the broad routine (behavioral routine, cognitive routine), mistake coping routine, unexppected condition coping routine. 8 session performance routine program was applied to participants about 50-minute session (1 times session a week) every week. The results were as follows. Firstly, performance routine program decreased cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety intensity but increased self-confidence intensity of Taekwondo form players. Also, performance routine program positively changed direction of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence of Taekwondo form players. Secondly, performance routine program increased self-talk, relaxation, emotion control level of Taekwondo form players. Thirdly, performance routine program enhanced perceived performance of Taekwondo form players. Lastly, qualitative data such as interview examined that performance routine program positively impacted positive thinking, competitive state anxiety, psychological skills and perceived performance of Taekwondo form players.

Spatial Organization of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in/on Nano/Microsized Carriers Modulates the Magnetic Resonance Signal

Lee, Min Kyung,Clay, Nicholas E.,Ko, Eunkyung,Smith, Cartney E.,Chen, Lin,Cho, Nicholas,Sung, Hak-Joon,DiPietro, Luisa,Lee, Jonghwi,Kong, Hyunjoon American Chemical Society 2018 Langmuir Vol.34 No.50

<P>Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are often encapsulated into drug-carrying nano/microsized particles for simultaneous magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and treatment of diseased tissues. Unfortunately, encapsulated SPIONs may have a limited ability to modulate the <I>T</I><SUB>2</SUB>-weighted relaxation of water protons, but this insight has not been examined systematically. This study demonstrates that SPIONs immobilized on 200 nm diameter poly(lactic-<I>co</I>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles using Pickering emulsification present 18-fold higher relaxivity than encapsulated SPIONs and 1.5-fold higher relaxivity than free SPIONs. In contrast, the SPIONs immobilized on 10 μm diameter PLGA particles exhibit a minor increase in MR relaxivity. This interesting finding will significantly impact current efforts to synthesize and assemble advanced MR contrast agents.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Understanding women's digital diaspora : The role of an online community of female Korean im/migrants in the U.S.

EUNKYUNG LEE 한국언론학회 2012 한국언론학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2012 No.5-1

Cohypermethylation of <i>p14</i> in combination with <i>CADM1</i> or <i>DCC</i> as a recurrence‐related prognostic indicator in stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Lee, Eunju,Lee, Bo Bin,Ko, Eunkyung,Kim, Yujin,Han, Jungho,Shim, Young Mog,Park, Joobae,Kim, Duk‐,Hwan Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013 Cancer Vol.119 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND:</B></P><P>The objective of this study was to discover molecular biomarkers associated with the recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).</P><P><B>METHODS:</B></P><P>The authors retrospectively analyzed the hypermethylation status of 11 genes using methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), O‐6 methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), tumor protein 53 (p53), and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) using immunohistochemistry in 329 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded ESCCs.</P><P><B>RESULTS:</B></P><P>Recurrence was identified in 151 of 329 ESCCs (46%) at a median follow‐up of 4.5 years. The recurrence was associated with hypermethylation of the genes cell adhesion molecule 1 (<I>CADM1</I>) (<I>P</I> = .003), deleted in colon carcinoma (<I>DCC</I>) (<I>P</I> = .04), or cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (<I>p14</I>) (<I>P</I> = .02) in patients with stage I ESCC. Thirty‐six of 37 Stage I ESCCs (97%) that had cohypermethylation of at least 2 of the 3 genes had hypermethylation of <I>p14</I> plus either <I>CADM1</I> or <I>DCC</I> or both <I>CADM1</I> and <I>DCC</I>. The 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates were 93% in patients who had stage I disease without hypermethylation of the 3 genes and 56% in those who had cohypermethylation of <I>p14</I> in combination with <I>CADM1</I> and/or <I>DCC</I>. Patients who had stage I ESCC with cohypermethylation of <I>p14</I> in combination with <I>DCC</I> and/or <I>CADM1</I> had 7.13 times (95% confidence interval, 1.61‐31.64 times; <I>P</I> = .009) poorer RFS compared with those who had no hypermethylation of the 3 genes after adjusting confounding factors. Hypermethylation of the other 8 genes and altered expression of 4 proteins were not associated with recurrence across pathologic stages.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS:</B></P><P>The current results suggested that cohypermethylation of <I>p14</I> in combination with <I>DCC</I> and/or <I>CADM1</I> may be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence in patients with stage I ESCC. Cancer 2013. © 2013 American Cancer Society.</P>