김정은 시기 북중관계: 지속과 변화의 동학 -주북한 중국대사관 홈페이지 내용분석을 통해서-

홍은정 ( Hong Eun Jung ) 아시아문화학술원 2018 인문사회 21 Vol.9 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 주북한 중국대사관 홈페이지의 내용분석을 통해 김정은 시기(2012∼2017) 북중관계의 지속과 변화의 동학을 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 김정은 시기 북중 양국관계는 자국의 국익에 기반하여 협력과 갈등의 전략적 이해관계를 이어오고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 기존 연구에서 활용되지 않은 주북한 중국대사관 홈페이지 내용을 주된 자료로 삼아 이를 분석함으로써 김정은 시기의 북중관계의 맥락과 그 특징을 이해하는데 있어 학술적 의의를 갖는다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the continuity and change of relations between North Korea and China in Kim Jung-Eun times (2012∼2017) through analyzing the contents of the homepage of the Embassy of peoples republic of China in the democratic peoples republic of Korea. Through this study, it can be seen that the relationship between North Korea and China in Kim Jung Eun's time is continued its strategic interest in cooperation and conflict based on their own national interests. This study has a great academic significance in understanding the context and characteristics of North Korea and China relations in the Kim Jung-Eun period by analyzing the contents of the website of the Embassy of peoples republic of China in the democratic peoples republic of Korea, which has not been utilized in previous studies.

Integrated Waste Collection And Treatment System In The Housing Complex

Kim, Eun-Young(김은영),Kim, Jung-Bin(김정빈) 한국도시설계학회 2013 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.14 No.3

한국은 도시에 집중된 인구로 인해 발생한 대량의 생활폐기물을 처리하기 위해 대규모 주거단지 내에 자동집하시설을 기반으로 한 자원회수시설을 적용 확대하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 새로운 폐기물 시설이 지속가능한 환경 인프라로써 국내에 정착 가능성을 측정하고자 한다. 객관적으로 유효한 분석 결과를 위해 국내의 은평 뉴타운과 성공적인 사례로 알려져 있는 하마비 허스타드를 비교한다. 구체적인 비교의 틀로서 지속가능성을 평가하는 캠벨의 ‘계획가의 삼각형’ 이론을 차용한다. 삼각형을 구성하는 세 가지 요소인 환경, 사회, 경제적 기준으로 개발실행 결과 보고서와 전문가 인터뷰를 참고하여 연구한다. 결론적으로 비교연구를 통해 첫째, 환경부문에서는 자원회수시설의 다양성 추구를 통해 폐기물 절감과 에너지 창출의 이중혜택을 극대화할 수 있다. 둘째, 경제부문에서 젒분한 재원조달을 위해 다양한 재정지원 프로그램의 중요성을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 사회부문은 예산집행과 혜택분배 등 경제부분과 상젒되어 갈등 발생의 가능성이 있다. 따라서 관련 이익관계들의 교류를 적극적으로 장려하고 투명한 예산집행이 원활하고 지속가능한 폐기물 시설 개발을 위한 개선방안이 될 수 있다는 것을 사례비교를 통해 유추할 수 있다. In Korea, application of resource recovery facilities utilizing automatic collection system is expanding to address the concentrated occurrences of household wastes in apartments. This study aims to assess the feasibility of a new waste system adopted into the cities of Korea as sustainable eco-infrastructure. In order to analyze the objective results, a domestic case of Eun-Pyoung New Town and a successful case of Hammarby Sjostad were compared. For analytical framework, we followed ‘Planner’s Triangle’ presented by Campbell to evaluate the sustainability of this system. The ‘triangle’ consists of three components: environmental, societal and economic criteria. We reviewed development result reports and expert interviews based on the three criteria. The results were as follows. First, environmentally, the diverse resource recovery facilities maximize dual benefits of reducing wastes and producing energy. Second, economically, the importance of various financial assistance programs becomes apparent. Third, societally, conflicts may result from contradicting interests such as budget execution and profit distribution. These results implied that communication among interests and transparency of budget execution are key for improvement methods to be sustainable waste system.

A Base-generated Approach to Why-Stripping in English

Eun-Jung Yoo 한국언어학회 2014 언어 Vol.39 No.4

Yoo, Eun-Jung. 2014. A Base-generated Approach to Why-Stripping in English. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-4, 921-943. Recently, Yoshida et al. (2014) propose a movement-plus-ellipsis analysis of the Why-Stripping construction with base-generation of why in the clause initial position. While agreeing with the idea of base-generated why in this construction, this paper argues that Yoshida et al. have a number of limitations, especially with respect to the clausal ellipsis requirement and the analysis of Stripping constructions with other adverbials. In this paper, a non-movement, non-ellipsis based analysis of the construction will be proposed on the basis of Ginzburg & Sag’s (2000) approach to fragment clauses. By incorporating Minimal Recursion Semantics representations, this paper also provides an account of question interpretations, focus-sensitive readings, and scope relations in why and other adverbial Stripping constructions. (Seoul National University)

Aspects of Women's Status in Korea and Cameroon

Choi, Eun-Jung,Rebecca Mbuh Research Institute of Asian Women Sookmyung Women' 2005 Asian Women Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this study is to compare the status of women in Korea and Cameroon. Women's economic participation, educational opportunities, and political representation are used as indicators of women's status. Official statistics and literature review are utilized to conduct a comparative study of both countries. The major findings of this study indicate that women were under-represented in the areas of work, education, and politics in both countries(although women's status is getting better); few women rise to leadership positions in every area; women themselves and governments have made efforts to improve women's status from the individual level and social level; and Cameroon women's status is far behind that of Korean women in every area due to differences in economy, social conditions, and stages of industrialization of both countries. While Korea went through rapid industrialization, and is now into an information society, Cameroon is still in the process of moving from agricultural to industrialized society. We conclude by proposing suggestions and recommendations to the governments in both countries. We advocate the necessity of global studies of women's status for achieving gender equality and encourage the sharing of differing national experiences and coping strategies concorning gender discrimination against women.

Inducing apoptpsis by the inhibition of c-myb in oral squamous carcinoma cell line, KB cell

Lee,Jung-Chang 대한구강생물학회 2007 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.32 No.4

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most commonmalignancy and is a major cause of worldwide cancer mortality.The proto-oncogene c-myb plays an important role in regulationof cell growth and differentiation, and it is expressed at highlevels in hematopoietic cells and many other types of cancers.However, the function of c-myb is not well known in OSCC.The present study aimed to reveal the function of c-myb and totest the alternation of cell growth and signaling by c-myb inOSCC. In this study, c-myb and dominant-negatibe myb(DN-myb) were expressed in an adenovirus-mediated gene deliverysystem to KB cells. The over-expressed c-myb broughtincreased cellular proliferation compared with control cells.However, DN-myb infected KB cells showed significantreduction of cell growth and enhanced induction of apoptosis toactivate PARP and caspase 9. c-myb induced increase of IGF-I,-II and IGF-IR expressions while DN-myb down-regulatedthese expression. Activation of ERK and Akt/PKB pathwaywas shown only in c-myb transduced cells. These findingssuggest that the role of c-myb in cell growth of oral cancer cellsis partially mediated through the modulation of IGFs, ERK andAkt/PKB. From this results, DN-myb is strongly recommendedas a curable gene for the treatment of c-myb dependentmalignancies such as OSCC.

가정연계 신체활동이 유아의 기초체력에 미치는 영향

김은정(Eun-Jung Kim),안나영(Na-young An) 한국발육발달학회 2018 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.26 No.2

The awareness of the decreasing physical activities of children today introduced the application of Home-Based physical activities as one of the solutions to the problem. This Home-Based physical activity program provided the families with training materials and wall posters for physical activities as well as the eurhythmics videos accessible through provided QR codes in attempt to assist the families to practice the physical activities taken in children educational institutes from homes. 4910 children of both sexes across the nation partook in this research while the researchers were determined to test the change on children’s physical strength before/after the application of the program. In order to track the change, the researchers have adjusted and supplemented the research tools of Na-young An, Eun-jung Kim, Tae-seop Park (2013) to measure the endurance, muscle strength, flexibility, agility, adaptation, and balance of the children. The research revealed that the children that partook in the program for household physical activities showed an overall superiority on all 6 fields - endurance (scissor jump for 30 seconds), muscle strength (grasping power), flexibility (sitting trunk flexion), agility (30meters shuttle run), adaptation (standing high jump), balance (standing on one foot) - compared to the children who haven’t engaged in the program. Also the researchers found that the general physical strength of the children in the program to have increased periodically during the test. Most of all, there was a significant difference on overall body endurance and right-left balance from which the deduction of the relatedness between the two and the household physical activities was made. In conclusion, Home-Based physical activities have shown to have positive influence on the general physical strength of the children.

청소년의 스마트폰 중독과 우울 및 불안과의 관계

김경은,김필송,민주연,박수경,신서인,이지은,정해인,조호정,최정원,최정인 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2013 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.47

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the degree of smart phone addiction among adolescents and their depression and anxiety levels. Method: In this study, 379 high school students were selected using the convenient sampling method. The instruments used for this study were smart phone addiction measure, the CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale), and the STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with Scheffe test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score for smart phone addiction was 40.45±17.27, depression was 36.56±9.58, state anxiety was 44.00±9.61, and trait anxiety was 45.70±9.75. There were significant differences between the degree of smart phone addiction and the following variables: gender (t=-4.953, p<.001), hours of smart phone use per day (F=12.259, p<.001), types of frequently used features (F=3.485, p=.008), and satisfaction level for smart phone (F=5.18, p<.001). There were statistically significant relationships (p<.001) among degree of smart phone addiction, depression level, and state and trait anxiety levels. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that there was a significant relationship between smart phone addiction and mental health, specifically, depression and anxiety among adolescents. Further research is needed to develop nursing strategies to provide care for adolescents who frequently utilize smart phones.

에로스와 심리치료: 사랑을 통한 치료로서의 정신분석

장정은 ( Jang Jung Eun ) 한국목회상담학회 2018 목회와 상담 Vol.31 No.-

정신분석은 분석상황이 성립되고 유지되기 위해서, 환자를 향해 순수하게 분석적이고 중립적인 태도, 그리고 신중한 자세를 강조해왔다. 이러한 신중하고 분석적인 태도가 정신분석을 딱딱하고 차가운 심리상담이론으로 이해하도록 만들었다. 하지만 정신분석을 시작한 프로이트는 융에게 보낸 편지에서 정신분석이 사랑을 통해 치료가 일어나는 것이라고 말했던 것을 확인할 수 있다. 이외에도 프로이트는 지속적으로 정신분석이 사랑에 기반한 치료라는 것을 수차례 강조했다. 이는 순수하게 분석적이고 중립적인 분석가의 태도와 충돌되는 것처럼 보인다. 그렇다면 프로이트가 언급한 사랑을 통한 치료는 무엇을 의미하는가? 본 논문의 목적은 프로이트가 융에게 보낸 편지에서 했던, 정신분석은 사랑을 통한 치료라는 언급이 어떤 의미를 갖는지 정신분석 발전의 역사를 통해 재구성하는 데 있다. 더불어, 프로이트가 후기“문명 속의 불만”에서 도입한 삶의 충동인 에로스는 사랑을 통한 치료와 어떤 관련이 있는지를 본 논문은 설명하려고 한다. 정신분석은 전이를 통한 치료라 불릴 만큼 전이의 문제는 핵심적인 것이다. 전이가 없다면 분석가와 환자의 감정적 관계는 발생하지 않으며, 성공적인 치료를 기대할 수 없다. 프로이트는 전이를 사랑의 재발로 묘사하면서, 분석가는 전이를 통해 환자의 성적 충동, 곧 에로스의 대상으로 채색된다고 이야기한다. 이 전이에 대한 적절한 만족은 정신분석적 심리치료를 수행하는 기본 토대가 된다. 이 적절한 만족의 개념은 대상관계이론을 거치면서, 투사적 동일시, 대리적 심리기구라는 개념을 통해서 더욱 확장된다. 분석가가 투사적 동일시를 통해 환자의 대리적인 심리기구가 되는 것은 치료를 일으키는 핵심적인 과정이 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 연구자는 프로이트가 이야기하는 사랑을 통한 치료가 초기 대상관계의 에로스 상황의 재연, 그리고 이에 대한 적절한 만족을 의미하는 것이라고 주장한다. 곧, 사랑이 재발된 전이 상황에서, 에로스의 적절한 만족은 상담자가 내담자의 대리적 심리내적 기구가 되어 내담자가 소화시키지 못한 감정을 대신 처리해 주는 과정으로 이해할 수 있다고 본 연구는 주장한다. 이는 사랑과 희생의 덕목을 강조하는 기독교의 성육신 개념에서 상담적 자원을 이끌어내기 위한 추후 연구에 기초적인 논의자료가 될 것이다. Psychoanalysis has emphasized a purely analytical, neutral attitude, and a prudent attitude towards the patient in order to establish and maintain the analytical relationship. This careful and analytical attitude has made psychoanalysis understood as a cold therapeutical treatment. But Freud, who started theinitiated psychoanalysis, viewed psychoanalysis as the treatment by love, which as could be was seen in the his letter to Jung. In addition, Freud repeatedly stressed that psychoanalysis is a love-based therapy. This seems to conflict with the attitude of a purely analytical and neutral analyst. What, then, does the treatment by love mean? The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct the meaning of the treatment by love which is what Freud wrote in his letter to Jung, following the history of the psychoanalytic development. In addition, this paper attempts to explain how Eros, the driver of life that Freud introduced in his later article, “Civilization and its Discontents,” relates to healing through love. Psychoanalytic therapy is based on transference, which is one of the central ways to access the Unconscious, the hidden part of our psychic psyche . Without transference, the emotional relationship between the analyst and the patient does not occur, and successful treatment can notcannot be guaranteed. Freud describes transference as a recurrence of love, and analysts become objects of patients’ sexual drive through transference. Adequate satisfaction of the relationship colored by transference is the basis for performing psychoanalytic psychotherapy. This concept of adequate satisfaction is further extended through the concept of projective identification, surrogate organization of the mind, through object relations theory. Becoming a surrogate organization of the mind for the patient through projective identification has become a key process causing of healing in psychoanalysis. Through this study, the author argues that Freud’s treatment through love is the reappearance of the erotic situation of the initial object relationship and the proper satisfaction of it. This study argues that the appropriate satisfaction of Eros in the context of the transference where love has recurred, can be interpreted as a process by which the therapist becomes a surrogate organization of the mind for the patient which that treats emotions that the patient has not digested. This will be the basis for future research to elicit counseling resources from the concept of incarnation of Christianity that emphasizes the virtues of love and sacrifice.

중앙선 고속화의 필요성과 추진전략에 관한 연구 : 영주시를 중심으로(청량리~영주 구간)

김은혜(Kim Eun-Hye),박정수(Park Jung-Soo) 한국철도학회 2009 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.11월

These days, Internal railways has made great progress in terms of running speed since GyeongIn Line opened in 1899. For instance, the opening of high-speed railway the fifth in the world and test running of Korea model high-speed rolling stock. However, the running speed development of conventional railway line has been insignificant since Gyeongbu Line was recorded the maximum speed of 140㎞/h by Saemaeul train. Especially, Jung-ang Line which passes a lot of mountain range through the entire way limits competition with other vehicle owing to falling behind understructure such as single track operation, excessively sharp curve and steep slope. This study indicate the efficient improvement-plan of inferior facility on Jung-ang Line and examine related system, levels of railway facility for increasing speed competitiveness. Particularly, focusing on the Yeongju-si, try to improve railway competitiveness by introducing TTX(Tilting Train eXpress) with infrastructure level-up, signal communications electricity improvement.

Systematic Review of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Fish and Shellfish in Korea

Shinhee Ye,Jiyoung Shin,Jueun Lee,Eun Mi Jung,Jeongsook Lee,Eunsun Yun,Yeosook Kim,Younghee Oh,Eun-Hee Ha 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2018 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.41 No.1

Objectives: Heavy metals ingested through the consumption of aquatic products can accumulate in the human body over the long-term and cause various health problems. This study aims to present comprehensive data on the amount of heavy metals found in fish and shellfish in Korea using a systematic review of studies that report on that issue. Methods: The study used the following databases: PubMed, Korean Studies Information Service System, and Research Information Sharing Service. The search terms for PubMed included fish OR shellfish OR seafood AND mercury OR cadmium OR lead OR heavy metal AND Korea. The search terms for Korean Studies Information Service System and Research Information Sharing Service included eoryu sueun, eoryu kadeumyum, eoryu nab, eoryu jung-geumsog, paeryu sueun, paeryu kadeumyum, paeryu nab, paeryu jung-geumsog, eopaeryu sueun, eopaeryu kadeumyum, eopaeryu nab, and eopaeryu jung-geumsog. Results: A total of 32 articles were selected for review. The total mercury, lead, and cadmium concentrations in fish and shellfish reported in each of the articles are summarized, as are the species of fish and shellfish with relatively high concentrations of heavy metals. Total mercury concentrations tended to be higher in predatory fish species, such as sharks, billfishes, and tuna, while lead and cadmium concentrations tended to be higher in shellfish. Conclusion: This paper is the first to report a comprehensive summary of the concentrations of heavy metals in fish and shellfish. This data could be used as evidence to protect Koreans from exposure to heavy metals due to the consumption of highly polluted aquatic products.