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- 저자 : ( Esra Demir ) (검색결과 4 건)
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Effect of Orifice Induced Hydrodynamic Cavitation on the Properties of Waste Activated Sludge
Esra Demir Karaçoban,Fatma Olcay Topaç,Efsun Dindar,Bülent Keskinler 대한토목학회 2024 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.28 No.4
Exploring alternative methods to reduce the quantity of wastewater sludge and improve its characteristics is among the prioritized subjects in the field of sludge management. Hydrodynamic cavitation, commonly employed for water and wastewater treatment, also holds the potential for utilization as a pre-treatment method for sludge. In the presented study, the excess sludge obtained from the wastewater treatment facility of a food and beverage manufacturing factory was collected and disintegrated with a orifice-induced hydrodynamic cavitation unit. According to the data obtained, the highest cavitation performance was achieved under the condition where the cavitation number was set to 0.3. In addition, hydrodynamic cavitation performed under the optimum operating conditions, significantly increased the solubility of waste activated sludge. The results showed that the soluble chemical oxygen demand concentration, which was initially determined as 382 mg/l, reached 3,068 mg/l end of the cavitation. 64% of the total Kjeldahl nitrogen and 60% of the total phosphorus of waste-activated sludge were converted into soluble forms by the effects of hydrodynamic cavitation. Moreover, the results of the microbial study indicated that removal rates of indicator bacteria varied between 94% and 99%.
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Assessment of liquefaction potential of the Erzincan, Eastern Turkey
Duman, Esra Subasi,Ikizler, Sabriye Banu,Angin, Zekai,Demir, Gokhan Techno-Press 2014 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.7 No.6
This study includes determination of liquefaction potential in Erzincan city center. Erzincan Province is situated within first-degree earthquake zone on earthquake map of Turkey. In this context, the earthquake scenarios were produced using the empirical expressions. Liquefaction potential for different earthquake magnitudes (6.0, 6.5, 7.0) were determined. Liquefaction potential was investigated using Standard Penetration Test (SPT). Liquefaction potential analyses are determined in two steps: geotechnical investigations and calculations. In the first steps, boreholes were drilled to obtain disturbed and undisturbed soil samples and SPT values were obtained. Laboratory tests were made to identify geotechnical properties of soil samples. In the second step, liquefaction potential analyses were examined using two methods, namely Seed and Idriss (1971), Iwasaki et al. (1981). The liquefaction potential broadly classified into three categories, namely non-liquefiable, marginally liquefiable and liquefiable regions. Additionally, the liquefaction potential index classified into four categories, namely non-liquefiable, low, high and very high liquefiable regions. In order to liquefaction analysis complete within a short time, MATLAB program were prepared. Following the analyses, liquefaction potential index is investigated by Iwasaki et al. (1982) methods. At the final stage of this study, liquefaction potential maps and liquefaction potential index maps of the all study area by using IDW (inverse distance weighted) interpolation method in Geostatistical Analyst Module of ArcGIS 10.0 Software were prepared for different earthquake magnitudes and different depths. The results of soil liquefaction potential were evaluated in ArcGIS to map the distributions of drillings with liquefaction potential. The maps showed that there is a spatial variability in the results obtained which made it difficult to clearly separate between regional areas of high or low potential to liquefy. However, this study indicates that the presence of ground water and sandy-silty soils increases the liquefaction potential with the seismic features of the region.
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( Irem Kirac Utku ),( Yildiz Okuturlar ),( Esra Demir ),( Ozlem Harmankaya ),( Bulent Demir ),( Gonul Aciksari ),( Turgut Uygun ),( Alev Kural ),( Hanise Ozkan ),( Meral Mert ),( Abaki Kumbasar ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a systemic disorder and manifests a group of conditions such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, coronary artery diseases. The importance of epicardial adipose tissue recognized its contribution to inflammation by pro-inflammatory cytokines discharge has been proved. Several investigations were performed on vitamin D receptor in different tissues except bone. In this study the epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and the levels of vitamin D were measured and compared with healthy control group. Methods: A total of 148 patients (84 patients who had metabolic syndrome without diabetes and 64 healthy individuals) were enrolled into the study. In all patients, the EATT was calculated by ecocardiography and the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D was monitored. Results: It has been observed that the EATT in patients with metabolic syndrome increases significiantly compared with healthy control group (p<0.001). No significant difference between patients and control group was found on the levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D (p=0.507). There was no correlation between 25 (OH) vitamin D and the EATT (p=0.622). Conclusion: We observed that the EATT increased in patients with metabolic syndrome. In contradiction to the literature; the levels of 25(OH) vitamin D has not been found high in patients with metabolic syndrome. The reason of this can be small number of patients in our study. A significant correlation was not found between the EATT and the levels of 25 (OH) vitamin D. Further studies with a larger patient population are required assess the relationship.
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( Sibel Serin ),( Yildiz Okuturlar ),( Asuman Gedikbasi ),( Esra Demir ),( Sema Ucak Basat ),( Ozlem Harmankaya ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. There are a lot of study that is releated with the correlation between metabolic syndrome and low grade inflammation. We have attempted to compare Framingham Risk Score(FRS) that calculates cardiovascular risc rates and Matrix Metalloproteinase- 9 levels that is an aterosclerotic proinflammatory marker, on metabolic syndrome`s between other healties. Method: We included 86 patients that contains 51 MS and 35 healties to this study..In both groups, age, length, weight, BMI, waist circumference, familial hearth disease and HT on family was registered. Framingham risk score (FRS) was calculated. Insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Triglyceride levels saved. Blood samples for MMP -9 levels were taken and stored at -80 ℃. MMP-9 levels measured by the way of solid phase platinium ELISA (BIOSOURCE). Results: This case contained 86 patients, 51 of them is MS (%59.3) and the others are called as control group (%40.7). Ages of patients are changed between 20-55 years and the mean age is 38.52±10.02. FRS of MS patients were calculated statistically high compaired to control group (p=0.017). MMP-9 levels of MS patients were calculated statistically high compaired to control group (p=0.001).In both goups, there is no statistically significant relationship between MMP-9 levels and FRS (p>0.05) Conclusion: MMP-9 changes between the groups of MS young aged of 20-55 and health group may show us early atherosclerosis. At the group of high MMP-9 levels, even age releated cardiovasculary hearth disease risks are lower, risk was statistically calculated high compared to the other healthy populations. This situation is important in order to control risk factors as MS at early ages.
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