Effects of Low Grade Axial Loading on Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Case Report

Chang, Duncan,Boby, Arantxa,Madonna, James International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2018 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.9 No.4

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common reason for seeking physical therapy (PT) care. Recent studies suggest that axial loading can have a positive impact on the intervertebral disc by improving its tensile strength. Further, whole body vibration (WBV) appears to improve spinal muscle relaxation. Therefore, this case study describes the use of axial loading using a mini-trampoline in a female with chronic LBP. This case report is a single subject design. This patient is a 29-year-old female with a six-month history of low back pain following a motor vehicle accident. MRI found herniated discs at L4 and L5, clinical tests were positive for pain in the L4 and L5 dermatome and myotome the slump test was positive for neural tension, and LBP was constant at 4-6/10 over the past four months. She received axial loading exercises using a mini-trampoline and performed six sessions that were, scheduled twice a week for three weeks. Her Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score improved from 40% at the time of her first visit to 22% at her final visit. Pain measure on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) after the first treatment was 7/10, and her pain after the final treatment was 0/10. These changes in the pain scores are clinically significant and exceed the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). This patient had a significant improvement in her pain using the NPRS and the ODI. This case study suggests that axial loading may be an effective treatment for some individuals with discogenic chronic low back pain.

Effects of Low Grade Axial Loading on Discogenic Low Back Pain: A Case Report

Duncan Chang,Arantxa Boby,James Madonna 국제물리치료연구학회 2018 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.9 No.4

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common reason for seeking physical therapy (PT) care. Recent studies suggest that axial loading can have a positive impact on the intervertebral disc by improving its tensile strength. Further, whole body vibration (WBV) appears to improve spinal muscle relaxation. Therefore, this case study describes the use of axial loading using a minitrampoline in a female with chronic LBP. This case report is a single subject design. This patient is a 29-year-old female with a six-month history of low back pain following a motor vehicle accident. MRI found herniated discs at L4 and L5, clinical tests were positive for pain in the L4 and L5 dermatome and myotome the slump test was positive for neural tension, and LBP was constant at 4-6/10 over the past four months. She received axial loading exercises using a mini-trampoline and performed six sessions that were, scheduled twice a week for three weeks. Her Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score improved from 40% at the time of her first visit to 22% at her final visit. Pain measure on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) after the first treatment was 7/10, and her pain after the final treatment was 0/10. These changes in the pain scores are clinically significant and exceed the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). This patient had a significant improvement in her pain using the NPRS and the ODI. This case study suggests that axial loading may be an effective treatment for some individuals with discogenic chronic low back pain.

The Effects of Cervical Manipulation on Blood Flow Velocity of Cranial Artery and Pain Level in Cervicogenic Headache Patients

Da Haeng Kang,Seung Kyu Park,Jeong Il Kang,Chang Sik An,Yong Nam Kim,Hee Jong Yoon,Ja Pung Koo,Duncan Chang,Joon Hee Lee 국제물리치료학회 2010 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of manipulation on the velocity of cerebral blood flow and level of pain in cervicogeinc headache patients. The velocity of cerebral blood flow of 30 cervicogeinc headache patients(male=15, female=15, age=24.00±3.60) and 33 normal subjects(male=15, female=18, age=23.27±3.00) was compared. The 30 cervicogeinc headache patients were divided into suboccipitalis relaxation group, cervical manipulation group, and placebo group, and each were given different interventions. The velocity of cerebral blood flow and pain level was measured before intervention, and 1, 2, 3 weeks after intervention. The velocity of cerebral blood flow was measured with the Transcranial Doppler(TCD), and pain level was measured with visual analog scale(VAS). Blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery in cervicogeinc headache patients was slower than those in healthy subjects. Physical therapy intervention did not have significant effect on velocity of cerebral blood flow, but slowly decreased at intervention for pain level increased. The suboccipitalis relaxation group and cervical manipulation group showed significant effect in decreasing pain level compared to the placebo group(p<.05). Directly applied manipulation therapy in the neck area not only has effect on joint of cervical and soft tissue but also on blood vessels and nerves which pass the neck area, and because of those results of manual therapy seems to help recovery.

The Effects of Cervical Manipulation on Blood Flow Velocity of Cranial Artery and Pain Level in Cervicogenic Headache Patients

Kang, Da-Haeng,Park, Seung-Kyu,Kang, Jeong-Il,An, Chang-Sik,Kim, Yong-Nam,Yoon, Hee-Jong,Koo, Ja-Pung,Chang, Duncan,Lee, Joon-Hee International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2010 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of manipulation on the velocity of cerebral blood flow and level of pain in cervicogeinc headache patients. The velocity of cerebral blood flow of 30 cervicogeinc headache patients(male=15, female=15, age=$24.00{\pm}3.60$) and 33 normal subjects(male=15, female=18, age=$23.27{\pm}3.00$) was compared. The 30 cervicogeinc headache patients were divided into suboccipitalis relaxation group, cervical manipulation group, and placebo group, and each were given different interventions. The velocity of cerebral blood flow and pain level was measured before intervention, and 1, 2, 3 weeks after intervention. The velocity of cerebral blood flow was measured with the Transcranial Doppler(TCD), and pain level was measured with visual analog scale(VAS). Blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery in cervicogeinc headache patients was slower than those in healthy subjects. Physical therapy intervention did not have significant effect on velocity of cerebral blood flow, but slowly decreased at intervention for pain level increased. The suboccipitalis relaxation group and cervical manipulation group showed significant effect in decreasing pain level compared to the placebo group(p<.05). Directly applied manipulation therapy in the neck area not only has effect on joint of cervical and soft tissue but also on blood vessels and nerves which pass the neck area, and because of those results of manual therapy seems to help recovery.

Regulating exocytosis of nanoparticles <i>via</i> host–guest chemistry

Kim, Chaekyu,Tonga, Gulen Yesilbag,Yan, Bo,Kim, Chang Soo,Kim, Sung Tae,Park, Myoung-Hwan,Zhu, Zhengjiang,Duncan, Bradley,Creran, Brian,Rotello, Vincent M. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.13 No.8

<P>Prolonged retention of internalized nanoparticulate systems inside cells improves their efficacy in imaging, drug delivery, and theranostic applications. Especially, regulating exocytosis of the nanoparticles is a key factor in the fabrication of effective nanocarriers for chemotherapeutic treatments but orthogonal control of exocytosis in the cellular environment is a major challenge. Herein, we present the first example of regulating exocytosis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), a model drug carrier, by using a simple host–guest supramolecular system. AuNPs featuring quaternary amine head groups were internalized into the cells through endocytosis. Subsequent <I>in situ</I> treatment of a complementary cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) to the amine head groups resulted in the AuNP-CB[7] complexation inside cells, rendering particle assembly. This complexation induced larger particle assemblies that remained sequestered in the endosomes, inhibiting exocytosis of the particles without any observed cytotoxicity.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Regulating exocytosis of AuNPs by using host–guest interactions between AuNPs and CB[7] molecules. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ob02433h'> </P>

Study on Physique Characteristics of Skilled Athletes

Bo Kyoung Kim,Suk Hee Lee,Jung Gyu Yoon,Hye Mi Jeon,Jung Hee Kim,Ju Hwan Lee,Joon Hee Lee,Mun Hwan Lee,Duncan Chang,Wan Suk Choi 국제물리치료학회 2011 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in physique characteristics between the excellent domestic player groups in each sport player's, to prevent epidemiologic damage of musculoskeletal system and to provide fundamental data to improve performances for players. This study has performed for total 60 student players from Y University in Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, consists of 20 Kendo players, 20 Judo players and 20 Taekwondo players. We measured the length and circumference of arm, leg, body using Martin anthropometer to collect the data for 3 groups. There was significant difference in lower left arm length between player groups(p<.01), and Kendo players' right side femoral were longer than other 2 groups for leg length measurement(p<.01). Judo players' circumference for right/left stretched arm/bent upper arm were thicker than other 2 groups(p<.01). Taekwondo players' chest circumference were smaller than other 2 groups(p<.01), and Taekwondo players' right/left femoral circumference were thinner than other 2 groups(p<.05). From this study, it was found that there are physique characteristics differences between the Kendo, Judo and Taekwondo player groups. This indicates that repeated exercise for each sport player causes physique change, and it may cause epidemiologic damage of musculoskeletal system. It is recommended to perform balancing exercise prior to main exercise.

Study on Physique Characteristics of Skilled Athletes

Kim, Bo-Kyoung,Lee, Suk-Hee,Yoon, Jung-Gyu,Jeon, Hye-Mi,Kim, Jung-Hee,Lee, Ju-Hwan,Lee, Joon-Hee,Lee, Mun-Hwan,Chang, Duncan,Choi, Wan-Suk International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2011 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in physique characteristics between the excellent domestic player groups in each sport player's, to prevent epidemiologic damage of musculoskeletal system and to provide fundamental data to improve performances for players. This study has performed for total 60 student players from Y University in Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, consists of 20 Kendo players, 20 Judo players and 20 Taekwondo players. We measured the length and circumference of arm, leg, body using Martin anthropometer to collect the data for 3 groups. There was significant difference in lower left arm length between player groups(p<.01), and Kendo players' right side femoral were longer than other 2 groups for leg length measurement(p<.01). Judo players' circumference for right/left stretched arm/bent upper arm were thicker than other 2 groups(p<.01). Taekwondo players' chest circumference were smaller than other 2 groups(p<.01), and Taekwondo players' right/left femoral circumference were thinner than other 2 groups(p<.05). From this study, it was found that there are physique characteristics differences between the Kendo, Judo and Taekwondo player groups. This indicates that repeated exercise for each sport player causes physique change, and it may cause epidemiologic damage of musculoskeletal system. It is recommended to perform balancing exercise prior to main exercise.

일본 Okinawa지역에서 두류유전자원의 수집과 Vigna riukiuensis의 지리적 변이

윤문섭,Kaga, Akito,Tomooka, Norihiko,Vaughan, Duncan,백형진,김창영 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.4

일본 남서제도에 자생하는 두류 근연야생종집단의 분포와 집단구조를 파악하기 위해서 1999년 10월 21일부터 29일 까지 오끼나와 지역의 Hateruma, Tarama, Yonaguni 섬들에서 탐색ㆍ수집을 수향한 결과와 이들 섬으로부터 수집된 Vigna riukiuensis 집단에 대한 AFLP분석을 통하여 그들의 지리적 변이를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 일본의 본도에서는 발견되지 않는 Vigna riukiuensis, V. reflexo-pilosa, V. luteola, V. minima, Canavalia rosea 및 Glucine tabacina와 같은 야생종을 수집하였으며, 또한 재배종인 Macroptilium atropureum, Vigna unguiculate 및 Glycine max를 수집하였다. 2. V. riukiuensis는 잔디밭에서만 발견되었고, V. marina와 C. rosea는 해안가의 모래사장에서 주로 발견되어 두류의 내염성 육종에 유용한 재료가 될 것으로 기대되었다. 서식집단의 범위는 10여 개체에서부터 1㏊에 이르기까지 매우 다양했다. G. tabacina는 Miyako의 바닷가와 인접한 잔디밭에서만 발견되었으며, 사료작물로 도입된 M. atropureum은 대부분의 섬에서 반 재배형으로 널리 분포하고 있었다. 3. 수집된 자원은 총 74점으로서 V. riukiuensis 27점, V. reflexo-pilosa 10점, V. marina 17점, V. luteola 2점, V. unguiculate 5점, G. tabacina 5점, G. max 1점, M. atropureum 3점 및 C. rosea 4점을 각각 포함했다. 또한 이들 자원에 대한 근류균의 수집과 식물표본이 만들어 졌으며, 각 수집지점의 위치가 기록되었다. 4. V. riukiuensis집단들 사이의 지리적 유연관계는 principal coordinate analysis(PCA)에 의해 처음 두개의 주요성분은 전체변이의 57.9%를 설명했다. 전체 변이의 46.0%를 설명하는 PCA1은 Yonaguni-Ishigaki-Iromote-Hateruma집단과 Miyakowlqeks으로 구분시켰다. 전체변이의 11.9%를 설명하는 PCA2에 의해 Haterumawlqeks은 Yonaguni-Ishigaki-Iromote집단과 분리되었다. Exploration and collection of legume genetic resources was conducted on the southern islands of Okinawa prefecture, Hateruma, Iriomote, Irabu, Ishigaki, Miyako, Tarama and Yonaguni islands, Japean, from 21^(st) to 29^(th) October. 1999. From these islands, the following wild species were collected Vigna riukiuensis, V, reflexo-pilosa, V. luteola, V. marina, Canavalia rosea and Glycine tabacina and seeds or root nodules of the following cultivated species Macroptilium atropurpureum. Vigna unguicullata and Glycine max. The wild species collected were generally found in open herbaceous habitats such as roadside bushes, lawns or on beaches. Several species have specific adaptations such as V. riukiuensis and G. tabacina whic can survive in cut lawns. V. marina and C. rosea grow along sandy beaches of every island visited and may have physiological tolerances, such as salt tolerance, which may be of value in legume breeding. Population size varied greatly within and between species from less than 10 plants to covering more than 1ha. M. atropurpureum, introduced as a forage crop, has escaped and is widely changing. During this exploration and collection, V. riukiuensis and V. reflexo-pilosa , from the subgenus Ceratotropis were both found on Ishigaki, Iriomote, Yonaguni and Miyako islands. On the small island of Irabu and Tarama only V. reflexo-pilosa from the subgenus Ceratotropis was found. On Hateruma only V. riukiuensis from subgenus Ceratotropis was found. A total of 74 wild legume seed samples were collected. The comprehensive collection will enable diversity analysis to highlight islands and populations of particular genetic diversity for conservation and evaluation. Geographical variation of V. riukiuensis among the collected species was found within it's populations by AFLP analysis. Populations of Miyako island were genetically different from of other islands of Okinawa based on PCA.