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( Choong Hwan Kwak ),( Sook Hyun Lee ),( Sung Kyun Lee ),( Sun Hyung Ha ),( Seok Jong Suh ),( Kyung Min Kwon ),( Tae Wook Chung ),( Ki Tae Ha ),( Young Chae Chang ),( Young Choon Lee ),( Dong Soo Kim 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
For innate immune defense, lower animals such as fish and amphibian are covered with skin mucus, which acts as both a mechanical and biochemical barrier. Although several mucus sources have been isolated and studied for their biochemical and immunological functions, the precise mechanism(s) of action remains unknown. In the present study, we additionally found the eel skin mucus (ESM) to be a promising candidate
증례 : 신장; 지연 발현형 급성 인산염 신병증에서 완전 회복된 환자 1예
곽충환 ( Choong Hwan Kwak ),박하연 ( Ha Yeon Park ),김예림 ( Yae Rim Kim ),백진혁 ( Jin Hyuk Paek ),황은아 ( Eun Ah Hwang ),박성배 ( Sung Bae Park ),한승엽 ( Seung Yeup Han ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회지 Vol.86 No.4
대장내시경 검사 시 경구용 인산염은 폴리에틸렌 글리콘에비하여 적은 용량으로 더 효과적인 장세척이 가능하나 전해질 이상 및 칼슘-인 결정의 침착에 의한 급성 인산염 신병증이 보고되고 있다. 급성 인산염 신병증의 경우 많은 수의 환자들이 만성 콩팥병으로 진행하고 일부는 말기 신부전으로 진행한다고 알려져 있다. 저자들은 조직 검사에서 진단된 급성 인산염 신병증에서 완전 회복된 환자를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. The widespread use of colonoscopy for early detection of colorectal pathology has increased the use of osmotic laxatives for colonic cleansing. Among these, oral sodium phosphate preparations can cause renal insufficiency through the development of acute phosphate nephropathy. Acute phosphate nephropathy can be distinguished as early symptomatic and late insidious patterns. Patients whose presentation is insidious are easily overlooked and can progress to chronic kidney disease. We report a case of complete recovery from the late insidious type of acute phosphate nephropathy. (Korean J Med 2014;86:505-509)
곽충환,박희명,김유진,김유영,김유문,김종석 대한스포츠의학회 1994 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.12 No.2
씨름의 운동생리학적 특징을 알아보기 위하여 씨름선수 11명과, 이들과 평균연령이 비슷한 비선수(대조군) 11명에서 Bruce법으로 증상제한성 최대운동부하검사를 실시하여 최대운동부하에 대한 심.폐기능의 반응의 차이를 비교 관찰하고, 아울러 다른 몇가지 유산소성 또는 혼합성 운동선수들에서 얻은 성적과도 비교해 보았다. 선수군에서는 대조군에 비해 V˙O_2 max가 유의하게 낮았고, O_2 맥과 AT가 현저히 많았으나 HR max와 AT/VO_2 max에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 한편 RR, V_E/M^2, V_E/ V˙O_2, V_E.VCO_2 및 V_T/VC는 양군간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나 V_E/MVV는 선수군에서 유의하게 컸다. 또한 씨름선수군에서는 유산소성 또는 혼합성 운동선수들에 비해 V˙O_2 max가 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 사실을 보아 씨름선수에서는 유산소능력의 저하와 환기예비의 감소가 있을 시사한다. To investigate the physiological characteristics of Ssireum, a traditional isometric game unique to Korea, cardiorespiratory responses to symptom-limited maximal exercise loading were studied by Bruce protocol in 11 Ssireum wrestlers and in 11 age-matched non-athletes, which served as controls. Comparisons of the results in the former were also made with those in the swimmers, soccers and volleyball players, hitherto studied at our laboratory. In the wrestlers, V˙O_2 max was significantly smaller, and O_2 pulse and AT/ V˙O_2 max were essentially similar in both groups. The V˙O_2 max in the wrestlers was also smaller than that in the other game players. Ventilatory parameters such as RR, V_E/M^2, V_E/ V˙O_2, V_E/ VO_2, and V_T/VC at maximal exercise showed no significant differences between two groups. However, V_E/MVV was significantly higher in the wrestlers. These facts suggest that aerobic capacity and ventilatory reserve are diminished in the Ssireum wrestlers.
( Kye-hwan Kim ),( Kyung Nyeo Jeon ),( Min Gyu Kang ),( Jong Hwa Ahn ),( Jin-sin Koh ),( Yongwhi Park ),( Seok-jae Hwang ),( Young-hoon Jeong ),( Choong Hwan Kwak ),( Jin-yong Hwang ),( Jeong Rang Par 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.5
Background/Aims: This study is a head-to-head comparison of predictive values for long-term cardiovascular outcomes between exercise electrocardiography (ex-ECG) and computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with chest pain. Methods: Four hundred and forty-two patients (mean age, 56.1 years; men, 61.3%) who underwent both ex-ECG and CTCA for evaluation of chest pain were included. For ex-ECG parameters, the patients were classified according to negative or positive results, and Duke treadmill score (DTS). Coronary artery calcium score (CACS), presence of plaque, and coronary artery stenosis were evaluated as CTCA parameters. Cardiovascular events for prognostic evaluation were defined as unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, revascularization, heart failure, and cardiac death. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 2.8 ± 1.1 years. Fifteen patients experienced cardiovascular events. Based on pretest probability, the low- and intermediate-risks of coronary artery disease were 94.6%. Odds ratio of CACS > 40, presence of plaque, coronary stenosis ≥ 50% and DTS ≤ 4 were significant (3.79, p = 0.012; 9.54, p = 0.030; 6.99, p < 0.001; and 4.58, p = 0.008, respectively). In the Cox regression model, coronary stenosis ≥ 50% (hazard ratio, 7.426; 95% confidence interval, 2.685 to 20.525) was only significant. After adding DTS ≤ 4 to coronary stenosis ≥ 50%, the integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement analyses did not show significant. Conclusions: CTCA was better than ex-ECG in terms of predicting long-term outcomes in low- to intermediate-risk populations. The predictive value of the combination of CTCA and ex-ECG was not superior to that of CTCA alone.
Kim, Sungsu,Kwak, Choong Hwan,Jung, Jaehoon,Baek, Jong Ha,Jung, Jung Hwa,Park, Ki-Jong,Kim, Kyongyoung,Kim, Soo Kyoung,Kang, Dawon,Hahm, Jong Ryeal Hindawi 2018 BioMed research international Vol.2018 No.-
<P>The mechanisms by which hypoglycemia increases cardiovascular mortality remain unclear. The aim of the study is to investigate changes in serum electrolytes, norepinephrine concentrations, electrocardiography, and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and associations between corrected QT (QTc) intervals and the changes in serum electrolytes during combined pituitary stimulation test (CPST). We recruited the subjects who were admitted to the Gyeongsang National University Hospital to undergo CPST between September 2013 and December 2014. Participants were 12 patients suspected of having hypopituitarism. Among 12 patients, cardiac arrhythmia in two patients occurred during hypoglycemia. There were significant differences in serum levels of potassium (<I>P</I> < 0.001), sodium (<I>P</I> = 0.003), chloride (<I>P</I> = 0.002), and calcium (<I>P</I> = 0.017) at baseline, hypoglycemia, and 30 and 120 minutes after hypoglycemia. Also, there was a significant increase in heart rate (<I>P</I> = 0.004), corrected QT (QTc) interval (<I>P</I> = 0.008), QRS duration (<I>P</I> = 0.021), and BRS (<I>P</I> = 0.005) at hypoglycemia, compared to other time points during CPST. There was a positive association between QTc intervals and serum sodium levels (<I>P</I> < 0.001) in 10 patients who did not develop arrhythmia during CPST. This study showed that there were significant changes in serum levels of potassium, sodium, chloride, and calcium, as well as heart rate, QTc interval, QRSd, and BRS during CPST. It was revealed that QTc intervals had a significant association with concentrations of sodium.</P>
( Seok Jong Suh ),( Choong Hwan Kwak ),( Tae Wook Chung ),( Soon Jin Park ),( Mei Jung Chei ),( Sung Soo Park ),( Chamh Seob Seo ),( Jong Keun Son ),( Young Chae Chang ),( Young Guk Park ),( Young Cho 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2012 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.22 No.0
Many studies have indicated that activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration are involved in neointimal formation and atherosclerosis. In this study, we revealed that pimaric acid (PiMA) purified from Aralia cordata had an inhibitory effect on MMP-9 production and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Down-regulated MMP-9 mRNA transcription was detected in PiMA-treated cells using RT-PCR and the luciferase-tagged MMP-9 promoter assay. Results of an electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated that PiMA-treated HASMCs showed decreased binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein-1 transcription factors. A Western-blot analysis using nuclear extract demonstrated that PiMA reduced the levels of NF-κB p65, c-Fos, p-c-Jun, Jun-D, and p-ATF2 proteins in the nucleus. In addition, TNF-α stimulated mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) containing extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 and 2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase was inhibited by PiMA. Using the Transwell system, we found that PiMA inhibited TNF-α stimulated HASMC migration/invasion in a dose-dependent manner. To confirm whether MAPK mediated MMP-9 expression, we used MAPK inhibitors including U0126, SB253580, and SP600125 and found that those inhibitors reduced MMP-9 expression and HASMC migration/invasion. These results suggest that PiMA has potent anti-atherosclerotic activity with inhibitory action on MMP-9 production and cell migration in TNF-α-induced HASMCs. ⓒ2012 Elsevier lreland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in a patient with MELAS syndrome
( Ji Hyun Min ),( Choong Hwan Kwak ),( Jong Hwa Ahn ),( Na Young Kim ),( Jeong Rang Park ),( Seok Jae Hwang ),( Yong Whi Park ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1
A 35-year-old male patient with heart and renal failure and pneumonia was transferred to our department due to recurrent cardiac standstill with seizure-like activity. He had been diagnosed as and treated for MELAS syndrome since 3 years ago. His electrocardiography (ECG) showed Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) pattern, and an echocardiogram showed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). He developed seizure-like activities intermittently and ECG monitoring showed intermittent bradycardia. His Holter monitoring showed several episodes of 5 to 16 seconds of sinus arrest. We performed electrophysiologic study for evaluation of his arrhythmia. During atrial and ventricular extrastimuli, cardiac standstill has developed several times and the duration of pauses varied from 2.5 to 3.2 seconds. Abrupt asystolic events have also developed accompanying seizure-like activities which were not related to extrastimuli. We decided to implant a permanent pacemaker. After the implantation of DDD type pacemaker, the patient`s seizure-like activity disappeared.