Genetic diversity of two Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana) populations from Guizhou and Yunnan in China based on mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences

Li-Jing Zhong,Ming-Wang Zhang,Yong-Fang Yao,Qing-Yong Ni,Jun Mu,Chong-Qing Li,Huai-Liang Xu 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.2

Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana), an endangered species endemic to China, is categorized as a Category II species under the Chinese Wild Animal Protection Law and listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. To further assess genetic diversity and population structure within this species,populations, revealing that variations occured among populations mainly. Further analysis demonstrated that significant genetic differentiation (Fst = 0.83628, P\0.01) and poor gene flow (Nm\1) had occurred among these four populations. On the phylogenetic tree and haplotype network plot, 22 haplotypes cluster together according to their geographical origins, exhibiting an obvious phylogeographic pattern. We speculate that the significant genetic differentiation among these macaque populations might result from long-term geographic barrier and human activity. In particular,Yangtze River probably play a vital role in population differentiation of Tibetan macaques. we sequenced 477 bp of mitochondrial DNA control region in 30 Tibetan macaques from the Guizhou (GZ) and Yunnan (YN) of China and conducted population genetic analysis, along with 15 previously described haplotype sequences representing 55 individuals from Sichuan (SC)and Anhui (AH). 87 polymorphic sites were detected in the alignment of 45 sequences and defined 22 haplotypes, of which 9 were newly identified. Haplotype diversity (h),nucleotide diversity (p) and average number of nucleotide differences (K) is 0.911 ± 0.015, 0.06090 ± 0.00126 and 28.32, respectively, indicating higher genetic diversity in the whole Tibetan macaque population. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) partitioned the total variation into 83.63 % among populations and 16.37 % within populations, revealing that variations occured among populationsmainly. Further analysis demonstrated that significantgenetic differentiation (Fst = 0.83628, P\0.01) andpoor gene flow (Nm\1) had occurred among these fourpopulations. On the phylogenetic tree and haplotype networkplot, 22 haplotypes cluster together according to their geographicalorigins, exhibiting an obvious phylogeographicpattern. We speculate that the significant genetic differentiationamong these macaque populations might result fromlong-term geographic barrier and human activity. In particular,Yangtze River probably play a vital role in populationdifferentiation of Tibetan macaques.

Clinical Study of Hepatectomy Combined with Jianpi Huayu Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zhong, Chong,Li, Hui-Dong,Liu, Dong-Yang,Xu, Fa-Bin,Wu, Jian,Lin, Xue-Mei,Guo, Rong-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) possesses several advantages for treating patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The theory of 'Jianpi Huayu Therapy' rooted from 'Jin Kui Yao Lue'is one of the most important therapies in this respect. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical effect and safety of hepatectomy combining with 'Jianpi Huayu Therapy' in the treatment of HCC. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with HCC were randomized allocated into hepatectomy combined with 'Jianpi Huayu Therapy' group (treatment group, n=60) and hepatectomy alone group (control group, n=60). Disease- free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were the primary end-points. Liver function at the end of one week after surgery, complications, average days of hospitalization as well as performance status (PS) at the end of one month post operation were also compared. Results: No significant differences existed between two groups on baseline analysis (p>0.05). No treatment related mortality occurred in either group. Post-operative complications were detected among 14 patients (23.3%) in the treatment group, and 12 (20.0%) in the control group (p=0.658). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at the end of one week after operation was lower in the treatment than control groups (p=0.042). No significant differences in other indexes of liver function were discovered between two groups. Average days of hospitalization reduced by 0.9 day in treatment group than in control (p=0.034). During follow-up, 104 patients (86.6%) developed recurrence. The rates of 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS and median DFS for all patients were 77.4%, 26.3%, 9.0% and 25.6 months (range, 6.0~68.0), respectively (78.2%, 29.2%, 14.3% and 28.7 months for the 48 patients in the treatment group and 75.0%, 23.3%, 6.4%, and 22.6 months for the 56 patients in the control group (p=0.045)). 101 patients had died at the time of censor, with 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates and median survival for all patients of 97.5%, 76.4%, 40.5% and 51.2 months (range, 10.0~72.0), respectively (98.3%, 78.0%, 43.6% and 52.6 months, for treatment and 96.7%, 74.7%, 37.4%, and 49.8 months, for controls, respectively (p=0.048)). Conclusions: Hepatectomy combined with 'Jianpi Huayu therapy'was effective in the treatment of HCC, and reduced post-operative recurrence and metastasis and improved DFS and OS of HCC patients.

Effects of Armillaria mellea polysaccharides (AMP) on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats

Shumei Zhong,Wanying Li,Zixian Wang,Haokun Chen,Yaqi Wu,Chaojie Chong,Zhewen Dong,Jia-Le Song 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To investigate the effects of AMP on letrozole-induced PCOS rats. All SD rats were randomly divided into normal, PCOS, metformin group (Met, 265 mg/kg) and AMP group (1 g/kg) and weighed every three days. After 21 days of continuous administration, oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and the blood glucose(BP) level was measured. After execution, calculate the relative weight of bilateral ovaries. Serum levels of FSH, LH, E2, T and FINS were detected by ELISA assay. Serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were detected by the kit and calculated the LH/FSH ratio and HOMA-IR level. Compared with the normal group, body weight and relative weight of ovaries, BP level and serum levels of T, LH, LH/FSH ratio, FINS, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, LDL-C, and E2, FSH, HDL-C in model group increased. Compared with the PCOS group, body weight in the Met group and AMP group was lower, BP level and serum levels of T, LH, FINS, HOMA-IR and LDL-C in the Met group and AMP group were significantly lower and the level of HDL-C was higher. Armillaria mellea polysaccharides can improve hormone disturbance, glucose metabolism and abnormal lipid level in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome model rats.

Output characteristics and experiments of a novel low frequency rotary piezoelectric motor

Kang Liang,Chong Li,Yujian Tong,Jiwen Fang,Wei Zhong,Xiaorui Fu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.3

In order to improve the output performance of a piezoelectric motor under low driving frequency, a novel rotary piezoelectric motor driven by two piezoelectric actuators is proposed that is actuated based on harmonic and friction driving mechanism. The motor uses two piezoelectric actuators to drive two amplifying mechanisms with π/2 phase difference to produce harmonic motion, and then drives the rotor to rotate through friction force. Based on the driving principle, the electromechanical coupling equations of the motor are established. And a test platform is built to test the output characteristics of the motor. The results show that fluctuation of harmonic force and output torque occurs when the motor operates at different positions. Under the driving voltage and frequency of 150 V and 5 Hz, the actual average output torque of the prototype is 3.08 Nmm. Moreover, fluctuation of harmonic force and output torque occurs when the motor operates at different positions.

Characterization of Electrospun Poly(<i>p</i>-dioxanone) and Poly(<i>p</i>-dioxanone)/Clay Nanocomposite Fibers

Quan, Shi-Li,Kang, Soon-Gon,Qiu, Zhi-Cheng,Chen, Si-Chong,Yang, Ke-Ke,Wang, Yu-Zhong,Chin, In-Joo American Scientific Publishers 2011 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.11 No.2

<P>PPDO was successfully electrospun into continuous, ultrafine fibers by using DMSO as solvent for the first time. The concentration of PPDO in DMSO and the electrospinning temperature were optimized. PPDO/LAP nanocomposites were also electrospun in DMSO. At 70 degrees C, ultrafine PPDO fibers were obtained from 35 wt% solution and the PPDO/LAP nanocomposite fibers were yielded from 55 wt% solution. Electrospun fibers of the PPDO/LAP nanocomposites showed higher degree of crystallinity due to the presence of embedded nanoparticles.</P>

Modeling of the Solubility of Solid Solutes in Supercritical CO2 with and without Cosolvent using Solution Theory

( Qun Sheng Li ),( Chong Li Zhong ),( Ze Ting Zhang ),( Qing Rong Zhou ) 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.21 No.6

Oral Delivery of Probiotics in Poultry Using pH-Sensitive Tablets

( Tao Jiang ),( Hui-shan Li ),( Geon Goo Han ),( Bijay Singh ),( Sang-kee Kang ),( Jin-duck Bok ),( Dae-duk Kim ),( Zhong-shan Hong ),( Yun-jaie Choi ),( Chong-su Cho ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.4

As alternatives to antibiotics in livestocks, probiotics have been used, although most of them in the form of liquid or semisolid formulations, which show low cell viability after oral administration. Therefore, suitable dry dosage forms should be developed for livestocks to protect probiotics against the low pH in the stomach such that the products have higher probiotics survivability. Here, in order to develop a dry dosage forms of probiotics for poultry, we used hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 55 (HPMCP 55) as a tablet-forming matrix to develop probiotics in a tablet form for poultry. Here, we made three different kinds of probiotics-loaded tablet under different compression forces and investigated their characteristics based on their survivability, morphology, disintegration time, and kinetics in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. The results indicated that the probiotics formulated in the tablets displayed higher survival rates in acidic gastric conditions than probiotics in solution. Rapid release of the probiotics from the tablets occurred in simulated intestinal fluid because of fast swelling of the tablets in neutral pH. As a matrix of tablet, HPMCP 55 provided good viability of probiotics after 6 months under refrigeration. Moreover, after oral administration of probiotics-loaded tablets to chicken, more viable probiotics were observed, than with solution type, through several digestive areas of chicken by the tablets.

The effect of cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside on the improvement of dextran sodium sulfate-induced intestinal fibrosis in mice with colitis

Zixian Wang,Wanying Li,Zhewen Dong,Chaojie Chong,Yaqi Wu,Shumei Zhong,Haokun Chen,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To observe the effect of cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside(C3G) on intestinal fibrosis in a model of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced mice with colitis. Colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by addition of DSS to drinking water. Clinical (body weight, colon length and colon weight) and histologic changes were evaluated. In addition, colon levels of interleukin-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Relative to the DSS group, the mice in the C3G treatment group increased in body weight, colon length, and the ratio of colon weight to length was significantly lower (P<0.05). The DAI index of mice in the intervention group was lower than that in the colitis model group (P<0.05). Histological observation also found that the intervention of C3G is able to reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in colon tissue induced by DSS. The results of Masson staining suggest that the intervention of C3G also reduces the occurrence of intestinal fibrosis in mice with colitis. Our results suggested that C3G is an activity to improve inflammation and intestinal fibrosis in DSS colitis mice.

Effect of Antrodia camphorata polysaccharides on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model rats

Zhiqiang Liu,Chaojie Chong,Zhewen Dong,Yaqi Wu,Wanying Li,Haokun Chen,Shumei Zhong,Junyang Liu,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song,Yanyuan Zhou 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To investigate the effect of ACP on letrozole-induced PCOS rats. All rats were divided into normal groups, PCOS group, metformin group and ACP group. The body weight (BW) was recorded every three days, and the final body weight as well as ovarian weight were recorded. Serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and E2, T, FSH and LH were measured by ELISA assay, and the LH/FSH ratio was calculated. The results showed that ACP decreased the BW and the ratio of ovarian to BW. Compared with the normal group, the serum levels of T, LH, LH/FSH, TG, TC, LDL-C increased, and the levels of FSH, E2, HDL-C decreased in PCOS group. ACP effectively improves the serum levels of FSH, LH/FSH, TG, TC, LDL-C and other related factors. The results of H&E staining of ovarian tissues showed that the ACP group showed different degrees of improvement in the reduced number of corpus luteum, thinning of granulosa cell layer, follicular capsular dilatation and follicular atresia. ACP not only reduces BW and the ratio of ovarian to BW, but also it can elevate the level of FSH and reduce LH/FSH, TG, TC and HDL-C levels. Furthermore, ACP can protect ovarian tissue to some extent.

Protective effect of centaureidin-3,5-O-biglucoside (C3G) on 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced mucositis in BALB/c mice

Junyang Liu,Zixian Wang,Wanying Li,Zhewen Dong,Chaojie Chong,Yaqi Wu,Shumei Zhong,Haokun Chen,Zhiqiang Liu,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To explore the effect of C3G on intestinal mucosal injury in 5-FU induced BALB/c mice. Mice were randomly divided into normal, model and C3G groups. After the last administration, mice were anesthetized, and calculated the thymus and spleen indexes. The ileum was used to stain with H&E observation. Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA kits. Compared with the normal group, the model group had diarrhea, body weight and thymus and spleen index decreased significantly, intestinal villus epithelial cells fell off, crypt structure was destroyed, and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed. The body weight, thymus and spleen indexes of the treatment group and the prevention group decreased less, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly decreased, and the level of IL-10 was significantly increased relative to the model group. The intestinal villi structure was relatively complete, and a small amount of crypt structure was destroyed, with a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, which reduced the mucosal damage. The administration of C3G could protect intestinal mucosa from 5-FU-induced injury.