만성 두부외상 환자에서 99mTc - HMPAO Brain SPECT의 임상적 유용성

서정호(Jung Ho Suh),김동익(Dong Ik Kim),정태섭(Tae Sub Chung),이종두(Jong Doo Lee),박창윤(Chang Yoon Park),정진일(Jin Ill Chung),김영수(Young Soo Kim) 대한핵의학회 1992 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.26 No.1

N/A Minima1 deterioration of cerebral perfusion or microanatomical changes were undetectable on conventional Brain CT or MRI. So evaluation of focal functional changes of the brain parenchyme is essential in chronic head injury patients, who did not show focal anatomical changes on these radiological studies. However, the patients who had longstanding neurologic sequelae following head injury, there had been no available imaging modalities for evaluating these patients precisely. Therefore we tried to detect the focal functional changes on the brain parenchyme using Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT on the patients of chronic head injuries. Twenty three patients who had suffered from headache, memory dysfunction, personality change and insomnia lasting more than six months following head injury were included in our cases, which showed no anatomical abnormalities on Brain CT or MRI. At first they underwent psychological test whether the symptoms were organic or not. Also we were able to evaluate the cerebral perfusion changes with Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT in 22 patients among the 23, which five patients were focal and 17 patients were nonfocally diffuse perfusion changes. Thus we can predict the perfusion changes such as local vascular deterioration or functional defects using Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT in the patients who had suffered from post-traumatic sequelae, which changes were undetectable on Brain CT or MRI.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Are there delicate occupations about suicide according to socioeconomic change?

Jin Ha Yoon(윤진하),Sang Baek Koh,Sung Soo OH,Jun Ho Park,Kyoung Tae Cha,Sei Jin Chang,Ki Hyun Lee,Bong Suk Cha 대한직업환경의학회 2009 대한직업환경의학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.43 No.-

Clinicopathological study on metastatic skin cancer

( Chang Il Kwon ),( Seo Mi Gon Jeong ),( Young Bin Shin ),( Yun Sun Moon ),( Eui Chang Jung ),( Chi Yeon Kim ),( Tae Jin Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Various primary tumors can cause metastatic skin cancer. Metastatic skin lesion should be distinguished from other skin lesion. Objectives: We studied patients with metastatic skin cancer to find out average age, gender distribution, frequency of primary tumor, time interval between manifestation and primary cancer, and their clinical appearance, location and other metastatic sites. Methods: We reviewed the medical records, clinical photographs and histopathologic records of patients who had been diagnosed with metastatic skin cancer. Results: In the comparison according to clinical records, the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 60.6 years. The ratio of men to women was 1.05:1. The most frequent primary tumors were breast cancer (22.0%), lung cancer (17.0%), head and neck cancer (17%), melanoma (17.0%), gastrointestinal cancer (11%), urologic cancer (11%), and gynecologic cancer (6%). Metastatic skin cancers usually presented as discrete, painless, hard nodules, with sudden onset (88%). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is believed that it is important to recognize the metastatic lesion between various skin lesion such as infections and granulomatous changes of other cause due to drugs and reactive changes.

Energy consumptions and associated greenhouse gas emissions in operation phases of urban water reuse systems in Korea

Chang, Jin,Lee, Woojin,Yoon, Sukhwan Elsevier 2017 Journal of Cleaner Production Vol.141 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Water reuse systems have been widely implemented across the globe as a solution to water shortage and freshwater contamination. Ongoing controversies regarding supposedly high energy cost and the lack of sufficient data to support benefits of water reuse are delaying further expansion of implementation of water reuse systems in South Korea. In order to clarify the ambiguity regarding the energy demand and provide an unbiased comparison between the water reuse alternatives and the conventional water supply system, energy consumptions and greenhouse gas emissions in operation phases of different water reuse facilities and the conventional water supply system were examined. The average total energy consumption and the greenhouse gas emission of the conventional process were calculated to be 0.511 kWh/m<SUP>3</SUP> and 0.43 kgCO<SUB>2</SUB>e/m<SUP>3</SUP>, respectively. Centralized wastewater reuse systems had prohibitively high energy consumptions (1.224–1.914 kWh/m<SUP>3</SUP>) and greenhouse gas emissions (0.72–0.83 kgCO<SUB>2</SUB>e/m<SUP>3</SUP>). The decentralized wastewater reuse systems, greywater reuse and rainwater harvesting systems, all used for non-potable purposes, had comparable or higher energy demands than the conventional process (0.246–0.970 kWh/m<SUP>3</SUP> after adjustment), although estimated greenhouse gas emissions from these processes were lower than the conventional process (0–0.33 kgCO<SUB>2</SUB>e/m<SUP>3</SUP> after adjustment). Considering the hidden environmental benefit (0.357 kWh/m<SUP>3</SUP>) from reduction of contaminant release, the energy demand of greywater reuse drops far below that of the conventional system, suggesting that decentralized water reuse is the key to an energy-efficient water management with minimal impact on climate change.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Analyses of energy consumptions and GHG emissions from water reuse systems. </LI> <LI> Analyses based on operating data from 8 fully operational reuse systems in Korea. </LI> <LI> Decentralized reuse systems were more energy-efficient than centralized reuse systems. </LI> <LI> Centralized, high purity wastewater reuse systems have very high energy demands. </LI> <LI> Environmental benefits should not be overlooked in assessment of the reuse systems. </LI> </UL> </P>

신규로 건설된 군 위댐 호내 어류 군집 및 생태적 특성에 관한 연구

이진웅 ( Jin Woong Lee ),윤주덕 ( Ju Duk Yoon ),김정희 ( Jeong Hui Kim ),박상현 ( Sang Hyeon Park ),백승호 ( Seung Ho Baek ),장광현 ( Kwang Hyeon Chang ),장민호 ( Min Ho Jang ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2015 생태와 환경 Vol.48 No.4

To secure water resources, dams are normally constructed on the upper - middle part of streams, and it generates physical disturbances such as habitat alteration and stream fragmentation. Such construction can restrict movement of aquatic organisms, especially for freshwater fish which is one of top predator in aquatic ecosystem, and cause genetic fragmentation and community change. In this study, to investigate impact of habitat alteration after dam construction on freshwater fish, we monitored fish community changes, and compared fish fauna between dam reservoir and inflows. Additionally, movement characteristics and habitat boundaries of four species were identified by radio telemetry method. The study was conducted in the Gunwi Dam which was constructed in December 2010. Radio telemetry was applied to Pungtungia herzi, Zacco platypus (living lotic and lentic), Silurus asotus (lentic preferred species) and Zacco koreanus (lotic preferred species). The number of species was remarkably decreased (4 family, 10 species) comparing with before the dam construction (7 family, 15 species). Specifically, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Niwaella multifasciata, Liobagrus mediadiposalis, Coreoperca herzi and Odontobutis platycephala that inhabit in the lotic environment were not collected in the study area. A total of 8 species were caught in both the dam reservoir and tributaries except 2 species (C. auratus and S. asotus). Sorenson``s similarity between the reservoir and its tributaries was high (0.842). All of the radio tagged species stayed in the reservoir except S. asotus which moved to the tributary. These species mainly utilized the shallow littoral zone as a habitat. These results could be useful as a baseline data for efficient management of fishes in lakes.

점증적 최대부하 운동이 호흡순환계 및 젖산변화에 미치는 영향

박순진,윤종대,권창기,김귀성 용인대학교 무도연구소 2000 武道硏究所誌 Vol.11 No.1

This study was to investigate a cardiorespiratory response and the chang of blood lactate concentration between untrained men and judo fellows after maximal exercise. The result of this study was as follows: All of the variables(HR, VE, and VO2max) were non significant as well as RER in a cardiorespiratory response. In addition, both between groups and interaction were non significant the change of a blood lactate concentration. However, not only VO2 was sigpificant(p<.05) in the comparison of between groups in a cardiorespiratory response but the chang blood lactate concentration was significant(p<.01) in measuring time. As a result of this study, the study of a cardiorespiratory variables and the reduction of blood lactate concentration related to recovery on fourties subjects after maximal exercise didn't get particular result but it is showed the condition of health of middle aged men indirectly as well as the difference of between untrained men and judo fellows. Therefore, it is showed that both untrained men and judo fellows need a exorcise, which is suggested a objective and scientific the method and the need of motivation for health.

흰쥐에 對한 Phosphamidon 및 Endosulfan의 亞急性毒性에 關한 硏究

申鎭燮,崔承允,李昌業,崔仁厚 서울大學校 農科大學 1984 서울대농학연구지 Vol.9 No.2

Subacute toxicity tests of phosphamidon and endosulfan were carried out to examine the adverse effects resulting from repeated daily oral administration of low dose levels (1, 2 and 5 mg/kg/day) to rats for 28 days. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Rats showed clinical signs of salivation hyperactivity, ataxia at 2mg/kg/day dosage of phosphamidon and, in addition, lachrymation, tremor, exophthalmus and diarrhea at the highest level. On the other hand, endosulfan caused only hyperactivity in rats treated with the highest dosage. There was no mortality at any dosage of either pesticide. 2. Rats gained significantly lower body weight, when treated at the 5mg/kg/day dose levels of phosphamidon and endosulfan, in comparison to normal, nontreated rats. 3. Plasma cholinesterase activity was significantly depressed at all levels of phosphamidon during the administration period, but returned to normal within 2 weeks after the last administration. Endosulfan did not change plasma cholinesterase activity at any levels. 4. Leukopenia was detected only in rats treated with phosphamidon at 5mg/kg/day level. No other adverse changes in hematology were observed in rats treated either with phosphamidon at lower levels or with endosulfan at any levels. 5. Cloudy swelling of liver was the only histological change in rats treated with phosphamidon or endosulfan at the highest level. No other histopathological change in rats treated with phosphamidon or endosulfan at the highest level. No other histopathological symptoms were found in spleen, heart, kidney, and bone marrow of rats treated. 6. It may be concluded from the results above that the "no effect level" is 1 mg/kg/day and 2 mg/kg/day for phosphamidon and endosulfan, respectively.

張元素의 生涯와 醫學思想

金容辰,尹暢烈 대한한의학원전학회 1990 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.4 No.-

Geum-Won dynasty is the era which totalized the every medical attainments of before Song dynasty and appeared some medical practioners who found new medical theory based upon this, and is important time for various developments of the oriental medical theory. At this time of the era, the representative practioners are called the four noted physician of Geum-Won dynasty. Jang Won-So who influenced the formation of the theory of the four noted physician of Geum-Won dynasty, originated new theory by joining the theory of 「Nae-Gyung」 with his own medical experience. The results can be summarized as follows after studying his life and idea of medicine. 1. Jang Won-So, courtesy name is Gyeol-Go, came from Yeog-Joo and it is unknown that when he was born and dead, but he lived in 11C. At 27, after failed in a Jin-Sa examination, he started medical study, and widely spreaded his medical art by healing the Yoo Wan-So's Sang-Han disease. 2. There are many Jang Won-So's writings, such as 「Eui-Hag-Gye-Won」 which is the condensation of his idea of medicine, 「Jin-Joo-Nang」 which is greatly contributed to development of Herbology, 「Jang-Boo-Pyo-Bon-Han-Yeol-Heol-Sil-Yong-Yag-Sig」 which is the sample of Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung-Lon-Chi, and 「Yag-Joo-Nan-Gyung」 「Gyeol-Go-Ga-Jin」 「Gyeol-Go-Joo-Sug-Hwa-Mag-Myeol」 「Gyeol-Go-Bon-Cho」 「San-Yog-Bo-Sang-Bang」 which are known do not existing. 3. Jang Won-So's study about Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung was influenced by 「Nae-Gyung」 「Jung-Jang-Gyung」 「So-A-Yag-Jeung-Jig-Gyeol」 etc. and outline by Han-Yel-Heo-Sil and the change and prognosis of the state of disease can be decided by Saeng-Sa-Yeong-Soon, so he contribute to development of Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung-Lon-Chi of posterity. 4. Jang Won-So succeeded and develope the theory of the herbs of Oh-Jang-Go-Yog-Bo-Sa and about Ki-Mi-Seung-Gang-Boo-Chim etc. appeared on 「Nae-Gyung」, especially invented such as Kwi-Gyung-Lon, In-Gyeung-Bo-Sa-Seol, Jang Boo-Pyo-Bon-Yag-Sig and he enriched the content of pharmacological theory, so he motivated various development of herbalogical theory. 5. Jang Won-So's idea of On-Yang-Bi-Wi directly influence Lee Go's assertion of Bi-Wi-Lon, idea of Go-Geum-I-Gue-Seol presented theological basis of posterior medical practioners formation of prescription, so the way of drug usage greatly developed. 6. Jang Won-So's theory of the Jang-Boo-Byun-Jeung and herbology directly influenced to Lee Go, Wnag Ho-Go, Na Chen-Ik, Jang Byeok etc. so he became the father of Yeog-Soo class and indirectly influenced to Seol Gi, Jo Hen-Ga, Jang Gae-Bin, Lee Jung-Jae etc. of Myeng dynasty, so the On-Bo class has been formed. Like this, because, his idea of medicine developed at various aspect and greatly influenced to posterity, Lee Si-Jin said "Since the emergency of 「Nae-Gyung」, Jang Won-So is the only man who greatly enhance medical principle." so it is clear that this is not unfounded expression at all.

중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.