건축 프로젝트 적정 설계변경 관리를 위한 사례조사

김성욱(Kim Sung-Wook),남혜원(Nam Hye-Won),이종식(Lee Jong-Sik),신창현(Shin Chang-Hyun),전재열(Chun Jae-Youl) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.29 No.1(구조계)

Recent design changes in the existing research on the factors and issues of design changes and analysis, responsible for analyzing the relationship, procedural issues, and issues of research that can be active. However, changes in the design of problems are essentially designed to complement the book is for the procedure. Methodology for dealing with design changes in the characteristics of the country and to reflect more realistically, and various design changes and looked at trends in related research. the design Change of this study to examine the domestic status and problems, identify the status of the country about the design changes, and in suggesting the direction to the development of the design changes.

Changes in Spatiotemporal Parameters and Lower Limb Coordination During Prosthetic Gait Training in Unilateral Transfemoral Amputees

Yunhee Chang,Chang-Yong Ko,Bo Ra Jeong,Jung Sun Kang,Hyuk-Jae Choi,Gyoosuk Kim,Hyunjun Shin,Sehoon Park 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.3

When applying prosthetic gait training to patients with lower limb amputation, monitoring the gait change process is crucial for establishing and modifying rehabilitation training plans. In addition, since human gait involves complex movement of several joints, it is necessary to analyze the organic movement of adjacent joints rather than a single joint in the lower extremities for understanding the process of gait change. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze changes in spatiotemporal parameters and lower limb coordination during prosthetic gait training in unilateral transfemoral amputees (TFAs). This retrospective case–control study included 10 unilateral TFAs and 10 healthy individuals as controls. TFAs received prosthetic gait training for 12 weeks and gait changes were analyzed every 2 weeks using a 3D motion analysis system. The measured variables were spatiotemporal parameters and the continuous relative phase between hip and knee joints. The highest improvement in walking speed was seen at week 4 of training, and the continuous relative phase was most symmetric at week 8. The lower limb coordination pattern was more in-phase in the TFAs than in the controls, and the coordination variability was also lower for the TFAs than for the controls. In addition, the rate of change in lower limb coordination of TFAs was lower than that of spatiotemporal parameters and was significantly different from that of the controls even after training. Considering that the decrease in lower limb coordination is related to gait efficiency, balance, and risk of fall, there is a need to develop therapeutic strategies that can further improve the coordination of TFAs.

In Vitro 고삼투압이 정자 원형질막의 Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation에 미치는 영향

오영근,장재호,최인호,정노팔,신형철,곽병주 대한의생명과학회 2000 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.6 No.4

정자의 원형질막은 삼투압에 의해서 영향을 받는다고 보고되고 있다. 이중 세포막내 분자구조의 변화 특히 막지질 구조의 변화와 동반되는 이온채널의 변화 그리고 Ca2+과 HCO-3의 유동성과도 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 지금까지의 연구보고에 의하면, 정자의 첨체반응 (acrosome reaction)이 일어날 경우 protein tyrosine phosphorylation이 증가되는데 이것은 cAMP, protein kinase A 등을 통하여 작용되는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 막의 지질변화를 유도하는 물질로 일종의 sterol acceptor인 BSA가 알려져 있는 바, 실제로 BSA가 막지질 성분에 미치는 영향을 관찰한 결과 cholesterol이 유출되고 이온 등의 유동성 변화가 일어나, 이 유동성 변화가 정자의 adenylyl cyclase를 활성화시켜 cAMP를 증가시키고, PKA가 활성화되어 결과적으로 Protein tyosine phosphorycation이 유도된다고 보는 것이다. 침체반응과 protein tyrosine phosphorylation과는 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 사료되고 있다. 본 연구는 정자 원형질막에서 cholesterol이 유출되어 protein tyrosine phosphorylation이 유도될 때, BSA와 같은 sterol acceptor가 작용할 것이라는 전제하에, 고삼투압 하에서 탈수로 인해 원형질막이 위축되더라도 sterol acceptor가 존재한다면 막지질 성분의 구조적 변화가 억제 될 수 있을 것이라는 가설을 설정하였다. 실험결과, 저온 및 고삼투압 하에서 정자운동은 감소되지만 원형질막의 구조적 변화는 없고, 삼투압에 대한 반응정도는 원형질막을 통한 수분이동과 세포용적 변화에 따라 비례적으로 일어난다고 하는 사실을 발견하였다. 이 결과는 정자보존에 있어서 저온변화에 영향을 미치는 여러 인자들 특히 protein fgrosine phosphorylation의 증가와 밀접한 관계가 있음을 시시해 준다. 또한 sterol acceptor로 알려진 BSA는 삼투압이 변화되더라도 역시 중요한 인자로 작용할 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 특히 고삼투압으로의 변화는 cAMP와 protein kiname A를 거치는 신호전달과정에 있어서 중요한 요인이라는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. It has been reported that plasma membrane activity of the spermatozoa may be susceptible to be influenced by extracellular osmolality and such membranous changes involve intracellular molecular changes, special regard to the structure of membranous lipids, and the accompanying ion-channel of which are closely related with their fluidity of Ca2+ and HCO-3. It is of common recognition that a certain kind of sterol acceptor player an important to induce lipid fluctuation of the sperm plasma membrane which have been influenced by BSA administration and came in effect to outflow of cholesterol from the spermatozoa and resulted in changes of ionic fluidity to facilitate adenylyl cyclase, and to induce protein tyrosine phosphorylation by increase of cAMP and activation of PKA. Thus it seems likely that an augmentation of the acrosomal reaction is closely related with protein tyrosine phosphorylation. The following experimental results were obtained in the present study; Under the high osmolality conditions, the spermatozoa motility declined significantly and the structural change of the plasma membrane diminished to confirm that the response degrees to the osmolality depended upon the water transfer volume through the plasma membrane and the changes of cellular volume. Those experimental results suggest that a physiological parameter such as low temperature condition played an important role for presentation of spermatozoa and that inducement of spermatozoa activation for reinforcement of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. On the other hand, it seemed likely that the BSA administration as one of sterol acceptors might represent a key role also under the high osmolality condition and their result also suggests that osmolality change, special regard to high osmolality condition may play an important role also in the processes of signal transmission

VARIATION OF 24-HOUR INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE IN SILICONE OIL–FILLED EYES

Chang, Joo Hyun,Shin, Jae Pil,Kim, In Taek,Park, Dong Ho Lippincott 2016 Retina Vol.36 No.1

<P>Purpose:To evaluate the variation of 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) in silicone oil (SO)-filled eyes.Methods:Prospective, nonrandomized comparative case series of 42 eyes of 21 patients, each with an SO-filled eye after vitrectomy. The fellow eyes served as controls. Each subject slept the usual 8 hours, and IOPs were measured at 4-hour intervals over 24 hours, twice before sleep (5:30 and 9:30 pm), twice during sleep (1:30 and 5:30 am), and twice after sleep (9.30 am and 1:30 pm). Intraocular pressure was measured in the sitting position using a Goldmann applanation tonometer. The SO-filled eyes and fellow eyes were compared with respect to diurnal-to-nocturnal and nocturnal-to-diurnal IOP changes.Results:At all 6 time points, SO-filled eyes had higher mean IOPs than fellow eyes (all P < 0.05). For both groups, mean nocturnal IOP was higher than mean diurnal IOP (both P < 0.001). Changes in diurnal-to-nocturnal IOP and nocturnal-to-diurnal IOP between SO-filled eyes and fellow eyes did not differ significantly (P > 0.05, respectively). The peak IOP occurred in the nocturnal period for all fellow eyes and for 94.7% of SO-filled eyes.Conclusion:The IOP of SO-filled eyes varied over a 24-hour period, peaking largely in the nocturnal period, as observed for the IOP of fellow eyes.</P>

철원 비무장지대 인근지역에서 두루미류의 월동생태 및 서식지 관리

이우신,임신재,허위행,최창용,최서윤,박용수,이창배 中央大學校 食糧資源硏究所 2003 食糧資源硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate wintering ecology and habitat using pattern of cranes for sound protection and management of the birds and their habitat near the Demilitarized Zone(DMZ) of Cheolwon, South Korea. Distribution of cranes seemed to be affected by road construction and human activity. Dried rice paddy was mainly habitat type of cranes in Cheolwon area. Gleaning was dominant behavior during day time. Ratio of alert was increased in afternoon. There was difference in time budget of behavior between red-crowned and white-naped cranes. For the stable wintering of cranes, minimum change of habitat, decrease of human disturbance and stable food maintenance would be needed in Cheolwon area.

이상기후 발생이 가을배추 생산자 및 소비자에게 미치는 영향

조재환 ( Jae Hwan Cho ),서정민 ( Jeong Min Suh ),강점순 ( Jum Soon Kang ),홍창오 ( Chang Oh Hong ),신현무 ( Hyun Moo Shin ),이상규 ( Sang Gyu Lee ),임우택 ( Woo Taik Lim ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.12

The purpose of this article is analyzing the economic impacts of abnormal climate on fall chinese cabbage farmers and consumers in Korea, with employing the equilibrium displacement model. Our results show that there were little difference in gross farm income, even though there were significant yield reductions due to abnormal climate changes. However periodic occurrences of abnormal climates caused serious damage to consumption levels which had declined by 10.6~17.1 percent with higher prices by 15.3~24.6 percent than normal climate years since 1990.

Control of Reversible Self-Bending Behavior in Responsive Janus Microstrips

Oh, Myung Seok,Song, Young Shin,Kim, Cheolgyu,Kim, Jongmin,You, Jae Bem,Kim, Taek-Soo,Lee, Chang-Soo,Im, Sung Gap American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.13

<P>Here, we demonstrate a simple method to systematically control the responsive self-bending behavior of Janus hydrogel microstrips consisting of a polymeric bilayer with a high modulus contrast. The Janus hydrogel microstrips could be easily fabricated by a simple micromolding technique combined with an initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) coating, providing high flexibility in controlling the physical and chemical properties of the microstrips. The fabricated Janus hydrogel microstrip is composed of a soft, pH-responsive polymer hydrogel layer laminated with a highly cross-linked, rigid thin film, generating a geometric anisotropy at a micron scale. The large difference in the elastic moduli between the two layers of the Janus microstrips leads to a self-bending behavior in response to the pH change. More specifically, the impact of the physical and chemical properties of the microstrip on the self-bending phenomena was systematically investigated by changing the thickness and composition of two layers of the microstrip, which renders high controllability in bending of the microstrips. The curvature of the Janus microstrips, formed by self-bending, highly depends on the applied acidity. A reversible, responsive self-bending/ unbending exhibits a perfect resilience pattern with repeated changes in pH for 5 cycles. We envision that the Janus microstrips can be engineered to form complex 3D microstructures applicable to various fields such as soft robotics, scaffolds, and drug delivery. The reliable responsive behaviors obtained from the systematic investigation will provide critical information in bridging the gap between the theoretical mechanical analysis and the chemical properties to achieve micron-scale soft robotics.</P>

Prognostic Value of Serum Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation

Kim, Miyoung,Cha, Seung-Ick,Choi, Keum-Ju,Shin, Kyung-Min,Lim, Jae-Kwang,Yoo, Seung-Soo,Lee, Jaehee,Lee, Shin-Yup,Kim, Chang-Ho,Park, Jae-Yong,Yang, Dong Heon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.77 No.6

Background: Information regarding prognostic value of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum levels of GDF-15 and H-FABP predict an adverse outcome for COPD exacerbation. Methods: Clinical variables, including serum GDF-15 and H-FABP levels were compared in prospectively enrolled patients with COPD exacerbation that did or did not experience an adverse outcome. An adverse outcome included 30-day mortality and need for endotracheal intubation or inotropic support. Results: Ninety-seven patients were included and allocated into an adverse outcome (n=10) or a control (n=87) group. Frequencies of mental change and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg were significantly higher in the adverse outcome group (mental change: 30% vs. 6%, p=0.034 and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg: 80% vs. 22%, p<0.001, respectively). Serum GDF-15 elevation (>1,600 pg/mL) was more common in the adverse outcome group (80% vs. 43%, p=0.041). However, serum H-FABP level and frequency of serum H-FABP elevation (>755 pg/mL) did not differ between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that an elevated serum GDF-15 and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg were significant predictors of an adverse outcome (odds ratio [OR], 25.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-243.8; p=0.005 and OR, 11.8; 95% CI, 1.2-115.3; p=0.034, respectively). Conclusion: Elevated serum GDF-15 level and $PaCO_2$>37 mm Hg were found to predict an adverse outcome independently in patients with COPD exacerbation, suggesting the possibility that serum GDF-15 could be used as a prognostic biomarker of COPD exacerbation.

Ethanol Patch Test와 음주 후 불편감과의 관계에 대한 연구

신재정,장환일,김경빈 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.1

It has been well known that alcoholism is influenced by multiple factors such as biological, social and familial factors. Recently many researches are focusing on further investigation of biological aspects, especially on enzymes of acetaldehyde metabolism. The low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH-I) has been implicated to play a major part in the metabolism of acetaldehyde. Therefore ALDH-I deficiency has been assumed to give rise to aversive effects to alcohol which are caused by a high blood acetaldehyde concentration. Recently Ethanol Patch Test(EPT) was suggested as a screening test to dectect ALDH-I deficiency. The mechanism of skin erythema of EPT is presumed to involve vasodilatatlon due to an accumulation of acetaldehyde in the skin. The lack of ALDH-I in the skin may be responsible for the delayed metabolism of acetaldehyde. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between time of disappearance of skin erythema in EPT and aversive effects to alcohol in 38 alcoholic patients and 42 control subject. The results was as follow : 1) The difference of total lenght of times of disappearance of skin erythema in EPT between two groups was significant. 2)When a patch area showed erythema 10 minutes after removal, it was judged to be ALDH-I dificiency. 10.52% of alcoholic patients and 32.55% of control subjects were catergorized as ALDH-I deficient. 3) When the results of EPT were compared according to response degrees on each item in two groups, significant items were No. 1, 2, 14. 4) When the results of EPT were compared according to total scores on each dimension in two groups, physiological aversive and psychological aversive dimensions were significantly correlated only in control subjects.

측두하악관절염에서 발생한 희귀한 골화현상

신미정,안상헌,박재범,장헌수,김종필,안재진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.2

Osteoarthritis is a noninflammatory degenerative disease affecting the articular surfaces and is accompanied by remodeling of the underlying bone. The sympotms of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint are pain in the joint and muscles of mastication, limitation. Osteoarthritis is generally accepted that several factors can contribute to the trauma, aging process, internal derangement and MPDS. Radiographic features of the osteoarthritis are seen flattening of joint, sclerosis on flattened area and osteophyte or anterior lipping. In the past, osteoarthritis was considered to self-limiting disease. Currently, synovial chondro-membrane is part of the process of osteoarthritis secondary to trauma. Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon disease of cartilaginous transformation of synovial membrane with formation of loose bodies within the joint space. The pathogenesis in more an active metaplastic than a neoplastic process. The cause of synovial chondromatosis is unknown. Although trauma and inflammation have all been cited as possible factors in tis pathogenesis. The clinical sign and symptoms are unilateral swelling of the joint region, pain in the joint area and crepitus seem to be the most reliable signs and symptoms. Radiographic evidence of loose bodies may or may not be present. This is a case report of 66 year old female with synovial chondromatosis, that is advanced disease of the osteoarthrits. We treated patient with surgical excision of lose bodies, diskectomy and synovectomy. The defected articular fossa area was reconstructed with temporalis fascia flap. The result was satisfactory.