F. Mauriac의 소설 『살과 피』 La Chair et le sang 연구(Ⅱ) : 청소년들 Claude Favereau와 Edward Dupont-Gunter의 우정 L'amitie´ des adolescents, Claude Favereau et Edward Dupont-Gunter

최병곤 건국대학교 인문과학연구소 2003 인문과학논총 Vol.39 No.-

Dans ce roman, La Chair et le sang, F. Mauriac nous montre l'amitie´ des adolescents si diffe´rents sur les divers plans : sur le plan social, financier et religieux. Cette amitie´ nous parait ire´alisable a` cause de plusieurs raisons. Entre ces deux adolescents, Claude Favereau et Edward Dupont-Gunter il y a des diffe´rences sur divers ordres. Claude est d'abord le fils d'un paysan et ancien se´minariste. Il a ve´cu dans un univers clos, entoure´ de hauts murs de grand se´minaire. Par contre Edward est un citadin, le fils d'un grand bourgeois bordelais. Il est riche sur le paln financier, mais pauvre sur le plan artistique, Il me`ne une vie de de´sordres entoure´ des gens corrompues du monde et du milieu artistique. Il est a` la fois l'artiste, le mondain. Il est me´content de sa situation, n'ayant pas vrai talent comme peintre. Arrive´ a` Lur, une domaine que son pe`re a re´cemment achete´e, il rencontre un jeune paysan, ancien se´minariste Claude Favereau, fils du re´gisseur de son pe`re. Edward trouve dans Claude une amitie´ since´re et de´sinte´resse´e. Ces deux adolescents repre´sentent deux images contradictoires de l'auteur. Tous les deux ont l'attirance du suicide. Apre`s la me´saventure sentimentale avec May, Claude va vers le fleue pour s'y jeter, mais il surmonte la tentation de suicide gra^ce a` sa foi. De´sespe´re´ et abandonne´ par Edith, une jeune espagnole ambitieuse, Edward s'est enferme´ dans un hotel d'une petite ville. Il a envoye´ deux lettres, une lettre a` Claude et l'autre a` Edith, dans lesquelles il a e´crit qu'il va se suicider s'ils n'y viennent pas dans quelques jours. Lors qu'ils n'arrivent pas a` temps, il se tire une balle dans la te^te. Claude aparait a` Edward comme un arbre salvateur. Malgre´ les difficulte´s qu'il rencontre pour aller sauver son ami, Claude arrive avant la mort d'Edward. Avant de mourir Edward se repentit since`rement et dit avec Claude son "Pater". Claude sauve son ami au dernier moment et tient sa parole d'assumer la souffrance a` la place de Edward. Enfin Edward retrouve la paix spirituelle, la quie´tude de l'a^me. Nous pouvons trouver qu'entre ces deux adolescents existe une amitie´ ve´ritable et durable, car leur amitie´ est fonde´e non sur le plan mate´riel. mais sur le plan spirituel et religieux. Malgre´ le de´calage des classes et leur train de vie, ils se sentent lie´s d'une sympathie re´ciproque.

프랑소아 모리악(Francois Mauriac)의 소설에 나타난 청소년(젊은이)연구 : 「쇠사슬에 묶인 아이」(L'enfant charge de chaines)를 중심으로 En Particulier dans L'enfant charge de chaines

최병곤 건국대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 인문과학논총 Vol.27 No.-

Francois Mauriac qui a debute dans la litterature avec un recueil de poemes "Les mains jointes", salue par un article elogieux de Maurice Barres, prince de la jeunesse en ce temps-la, dans "L'echo de Paris, a publie plus de 20 romans. Dans ses romans, l'adolescence nous apparait comme une epoque dangereuse. Les adolescents se situent dans la saison des tentations et sont des objets de tentations. Dans L'enfant charge de chaines, son premier roman, l'auteur nous montre Jean-Paul Johanet, adolescent sensible, sage, egoiste, solitaire et sec. Il est etudiant en lettres a Paris, sature de la litterature. Il est fils unique d'un bourgeois provincial fruste et n'a nimere, ni freres, ni soeurs. Le pere et le fils ne se comprennent pas, vivant chacun enferme dans leur univers solitaire et n'ont aucun gout commun. Ils vivent donc dans l'incommunicabilite, malgre la tendresse qu'ils se montrent reciproquement. Bien qu'il soit un enfant aise, il souffre dans une atmosphere qui l'etouffe et decouvre autour de lui la mediocrite. Sa tristesse et sa souffrance consistent a se sentir le neant et l'inutilite de sa vie. Il a a la fois le gout d'aneantir le neant et le gout de la mort. Jean-Paul, influence par son ami Vincent Hieron, adolescent tres mystique et pieux, a participe au mouvement du Sillon, dirige par Jerome Servet. Il y a espere se transformer en homme nouveau, capable de comprendre les autres et d'etre compris par eux. Il y a rencontre un pauvre jeune apprenti, Georges Elie qui a eu confiance en lui et a voulu garder avec lui une amitie a la vie et a la mort. Mais cette amitie a une caractere difficile a cause de la difference de leur situation sociale, intellectuelle et culturelle. Enfin il a une experience penible de la defaite de l'amitie. Il a bien compris que l'accord et la reconciliaton entre des classes ne sont pas faciles a realiser. Ses activites au mouvement du Sillon montre sa revolte sociale. Il a voulu aussi que l'Eglise retrouve la purete et la simplicite de l'Eglise Primitive. Il demeure encore prisonnier de son passe, n'ayant pas rompu ses chaines. Sa revolte essentielle et sociale nous parait echouee, mais par l'annonce de l'amour devoue de Marthe pour Jean-Paul a la fin du roman, l'auteur nous montre que la lumiere de l'esperance commence a apparaitre a ce jeune homme. Nous savons que ses premiers romans quasi autobiographiques nous montrent la recherche perpetuelle pour l'absolu des adolescents et sont des romans de la revolte.

프레탈^(R)정(실로스타졸 50mg)에 대한 실로졸^(R)정의 생물학적 동등성

최한곤,권기철,이승호,김학미,박병주,유봉규,이종달,이경희,하정희,우종수,박인숙,최진석,용철순 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

Bioequivalence of two cilostazol tablets, the Pletaal^(R)(Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and the Cilozol^(R)(Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA, Sixteen normal male volunteers(age 20~29 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 22 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 50㎎ of cilostazol were orally administered. blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of cilostazol in plasma was determined with an HPLC method using UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters(C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters. The results showed that the differences in C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) between two tablets were 4.99%, 1.74% and 7.68%, respectively. The powers(1-β) for C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) were83.92%, 80.12% and 85.03%, respectively. Detectable differences(Δ) and confidence intervals were all less than 20%, and confidence interval of all the parameters were also less than 20% at the significance level(α) of 0.05. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Cilozol^(R) tablet is bioequivalent to Pletaal^(R) tablet.

Franc¿ois Mauriac의 소설 "Le Noeud de vipe'res"에 나타난 물의 이미지 연구

崔秉坤 건국대학교 1988 學術誌 Vol.32 No.1

Dans Le Noeud de vipe`res, publie´ apre`s sa crise religieuse, Mauriac nous pre´sente un he´ros solitaire au sein de sa propre famille. Ce vieux avocat, nomme´ simplement par pre´nom Louis souffre de la soil qui symbolise le de´sir me´taphysique de tendresse de re´ge´ne´ration, repe´sente´ par l'eau pure et frai^che. A travers le cris douloureux de ce personnage: "J'ai soif, et je n'ai que l'eau tie`de du cabinet de toilette. Des millions, mais pas un verre d'eau frai^che" (p.137), l'auteur nous montre le contraste entre la richesse mate´rielle et la mise´re spirituelle de Louis qui, posse´dant des millions, meurt de la soif me´taphysique dans le de´sert de l'amour. Les seuls e^tres humains dans lesquels Louis trouve une tendresse de´sinte´resse´e et spontane´e sont Marie, Luc et pe`re Ardouin. Ces personnages innocents, repre´sente´s sous forme de l'image de l'eau vive, du vague et de la source claire e´veillent a` l'esprit de Louis, plonge´ dans la boue qui symbolise son avidite´ de la possession mat mate´rielle, son de´sir de vengeance et sa haine contre sa femme et ses enfants, sa nostalgie de la purete´ perdue. Luc "e´tait la nature me^me, confondu en elle, use de ses forces, une source vive entre les sources" (p.140). Louis, on retardant la purete´ de Luc, son ignorance au mal et son indiffe´rence, sent grandir sa difformite´ inte´rieure ne´e dans le mal et son tragique drame inte´rieur, La premie`re rencontre avec Isa, la jeune fille "voue´e au blanc" a lieu e´videmment sous le signe de l'innocence et de la purete´, symbolise´ par l'eau. L'e´le´ment fluide relie l'homme a` Dieu. L'image de l'eau, "eaux ruisselantes," "le brouillard," associe´e a` la lumie`re, fait sentir a` Louis, cet athe´e, l'existence du royaume de Dieu, "autre monde." A l'aide de plusieurs images de l'eau, Mauriac fait de´couvrir enfin a` son he´ros la ve´ritable vie et cet amour immense qu'est Dieu.

단일 단계 접착제의 변연 미세누출

조영곤,정진호,기영재,최희영,진철희,유상훈,김종욱,박병철 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.2

This study evaluated the marginal microleakage of five single step adhesives. Class V cavity preparations with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of extracted human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into five groups and restored using one of the single step adhesives and composite resins: Prompt L-Pop/Filtek Z-250 (Group 1), AQ Bond/Metafil CX (Group 2), One-Up Bond F/Palfique Toughwell (Group 3), Futurabond/Admira (Group 4), Xeno III/Spectrum TPH (Group 5). The restored teeth were thermocycled. Microleakage was assessed by dye penetration using 2% methylene blue dye solution. The teeth were bisected buccolingually and evaluated for microleakage under steromicroscope. The data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney tests. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Microleakage of enamel margins in group 3 was statistically higher than that in groups 1, 2, 4, 5 (p < 0.05) 2. Microleakage of dentin margins in group 1 was statistically higher than that in groups 2, 5, and that in group 3 was statistically higher than that in groups 2, 4, 5 (p < 0.05). 3. Dentin marginal microleakage was higher than enamel marginal microleakage in all experimental groups. In conclusion, Prompt L-Pop showed the least leakage at enamel margin, and AQ Bond showed at dentin margin in this study. Marginal miroleakage in dentin was higher than that in enamel.

자가 산부식 프라이머의 적용시간이 상아질의 미세인장 결합강도에 미치는 영향

조영곤,이영곤,김종욱,박병철,김종진,최희영,진철희,유상훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.5

This study evaluated the influence of application time of self-etching primers on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin using three self-etching primer adhesive systems. Dentin surfaces were exposed from forty-eight human molars. They were conditioned with three self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond [SE], Unifil Bond [UF], Tyrian SPE + One Step Plus [TY]) and different primining times (10s, 20s, 30s and 40s). Composite resins were bonded to dentin surfaces and specimens were made. μTBS was tested and statistically compared using by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's Test. The results of this study presented that priming time for 10s in SE and UF groups and for 30s and 40s in TY group was highly decreased μTBS to dentin.

바리온 OCTET의 첫째 여기상태에 대한 자기능률

김석곤,최규현,김경훈,김병택 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1989 論文集 Vol.40 No.1

현상학적인 Bag모델을 이용하여 바리온 octet의 첫째 여기상태에 대한 자기능률을 계산하였다. 바리온이 여기됐을 때 그 자기능률의 절대치는 바닥상태의 값보다 작아짐을 알 수 있었다. We calculated the magnetic moments of the first excited states of the baryon octet in the phenomenological bag model. It is found that the absolute values of magnetic moments are smaller than those of the ground states when the baryons are excited.

日本의 社會科學 및 體育分野 學問硏究動向에 對한 調査 硏究

金榮秀,崔晄烈,金相漢,金麟坤,金炳斗,金永煥 慶北大學校 經商大學 經濟學科 1981 慶商大學論集 Vol.9 No.-

This paper attempts to review and trace back to, based on the data collected during visits of Japanese universities and research institutes, the organizational characteristics, the structures of curricula and study trends, with regard to the fields of social sciences, especially economics and business administration. One of the most conspicuous characteristics observed in academic organizations was Tsukuba university's system whose academic institution was organized around academic grouping, academic genealogy, and specialty: particularly social economic planning belonged to the genealogy of social engineering, in light of its characteristics in term of curriculum, seems to meet the contemporary need. There found two speciality areas in the Department of Social Engineering at the Graduate School: one is the concentration on Mathematical Planning and the other Management Engineering. Considering that its academic goal is tosys tematically and empirically analyze the human behaviors, and to take interdi-sci plinary approach through a policy-oriented system in doing so, it reflects one of the true natures of the academic trend. Their curricula appear to emphasize on analytical methods under uncertainty, application of mathematical planning techniques, system simulation, and information system design and its application, in the area of economics and business administration. Physical education is believed to require modernized facilities and equipments for its record-breaking and technical enhancement, and so increased investment in physical facilities and policy considerations for the training of physical educators are necessary.

복합레진의 지연충전이 미세인장 결합강도에 미치는 영향

박현식,조영곤,박병철,김종욱,최희영,김종진,진철희,유상훈,기영재 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of immediate or delayed composite resin filling on dentinal microtensile bond strength (μTBS) after applied the adhesive. The coronal dentin of human third molars was exposed. Single-Bond or One-Step was applied on the dentin surfaces, and composite resin were constructed immediately (group 1) or 5 min., 10 min., 15 min., 20 min. and 30 min. (groups 2-6) after an adhesive was applied. The specimens were sectioned and made bar-shaped. Each surface area of them was about l ㎟. The RBS test was performed by EZ test. The results were analysed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at 95 % significance level. The results suggested that the μTBS of Single-Bond to dentin was decreased when the composite resin was constructed 20 min. and 30 min. after Single-Bond was applied. But the μTBS of One-Step was not affected by delayed composite resin filling.

24주간 추적하는 임상 연구에서 한국인 남자 알코올 의존 환자의 비재발률

강철중,김성곤,남궁기,조동환,이병욱,최인근,최용성,박성봉,제영묘,김현경,김성연 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.1

Objetives : In order to provide useful data tbr the further clinical studies with Korean alcohol-dependent patients, enrollment and non-relapse rates were investigated while alcohol-dependent patients wcre followed up for 24 weeks. Methods : The subjects of this study were alcohol-dependent male patients who, for the first time, visited a hospital among 3 groups of hospitals, University Hospital, General Hospital or Mental Hospital, or those who needed to be followed up after discharge from those hospitals. After assigning 12 subjects to each hospital, we investigated enrollment and non-relapse rates while cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy were provided. Results : 1) Forty-eight patients were enrolled and the rate of enrollment was 36.4%. The enrollment rate in the University Hospital group was 52.1%, in the General Hospital group 50.0%. and in the Mental Hospital group 10.4%. 2) In 48 patients, non-relapse rate was 27.1% at 12 week and 18.8% at 24 weeks after starting follow-up. It was 24.4% and 20.0% at 12 and 24 weeks, repectively, in the University Hospital group while the General Hospital group showed 33.3% and 16.7%, respectively, and the Mental Hospital Group showed 20.0% at both 12 and 24 weeks. Conclusion : These results provide important data for further clinical studies of Korean alcohol-dependent patients.