Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Multiorgan Involvement Followed by MIS-C in an Adolescent

( Bomi Lim ),( Su-mi Shin ),( Mi Seon Han ) 대한소아감염학회 2022 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.29 No.3

코로나19로 확진된 소아와 청소년은 대개 경한 증상을 나타내며 SARS-CoV-2 감염으로 인한 다기관 기능부전은 매우 드물다. 저자들은 코로나19 예방접종을 완료한 16세 청소년에게서 발생한 다기관을 침범한 심한 SARS-CoV-2 감염에 대해 보고하고자 한다. 환자는 내원 당시 의식이 없었으며 심한 마비성장폐색증이 있었다. 혈액검사 상 심한 대사성 산증과 함께 림프구감소증, 혈소판감소증, 염증 수치 상승, 간수치 상승, 단백뇨와 혈뇨가 동반된 급성 신손상의 증거가 있었다. 환자의 상태는 렘데시비르와 덱사메타손 투여와 함께 점차 호전되었다. 코로나19 확진 2주 후에 환자는 다기관염증증후군을 짧게 경험하였으나 특별한 합병증 없이 퇴원하였다. Children and adolescents with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) generally have mild symptoms. Severe infection due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) involving multiorgan dysfunction is rare in this population. Herein, we present an unusual case of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection with multiorgan involvement followed by multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in a vaccinated 16-year-old boy. The patient was unconscious on initial presentation, and had severe paralytic ileus. On laboratory examination, there was severe metabolic acidosis, lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated inflammatory markers, elevated liver enzymes, and evidence of acute kidney injury with proteinuria and hematuria. His symptoms improved with the administration of remdesivir and dexamethasone. The patient briefly experienced MIS-C 2 weeks after the diagnosis of COVID-19, but the patient was discharged without any complications.

On the set of shadowable measures

Elsevier 2019 Journal of mathematical analysis and applications Vol.469 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We first prove that the set of shadowable measures of a homeomorphism of a compact metric space <I>X</I> is an <SUB> F σ δ </SUB> set of the space M ( X ) of Borel probability measures of <I>X</I> equipped with the weak*-topology. Next that the set of shadowable measures is dense in M ( X ) if and only if the set of shadowable points is dense in <I>X</I>. Therefore, if <I>X</I> has no isolated points and every non-atomic Borel probability measure has the shadowing property, then the shadowable points are dense in <I>X</I> (this is false when the space has isolated points). Afterwards, we consider the <I>almost shadowable measures</I> (measures for which the shadowable point set has full measure) and prove that all of them are weak* approximated by shadowable ones. In addition the set of almost shadowable measures is a <SUB> G δ </SUB> set of M ( X ) . Furthermore, the closure of the shadowable points is the union of the supports of the almost shadowable measures. Finally, we prove that every almost shadowable measure can be weak* approximated by ones with support equals to the closure of the shadowable points.</P>

Trends of Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates in Korea: Korean National Cancer Screening Survey 2005-2020

( Bomi Park ),( Yun Yeong Lee ),( Soo Yeon Song ),( Hye Young Shin ),( Mina Suh ),( Kui Son Choi ),( Jae Kwan Jun ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.6

Background/Aims: Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is important in reducing the morbidity and mortality of CRC. Thus, this study aimed to describe the trends of CRC screening in both organized and opportunistic settings in Korea from 2005 to 2020 according to sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: This study analyzed the data of adults aged 50 to 74 years from the Korean National Cancer Screening Survey. Trends for CRC screening rates (fecal immunochemical test [FIT] within the last year, double-contrast barium enema within the last 5 years, or colonoscopy within the last 10 years for 2005-2018 and FIT within the last year or colonoscopy within the last 10 years for 2019-2020) were analyzed using Joinpoint regression. The trends were also analyzed according to sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, monthly household income, education level, and residential area. Results: A total of 29,040 participants were included in the analysis. The CRC screening rate significantly increased from 25.0% to 60.1%, with an annual percent change (APC) of 9.2% between 2005 and 2014, followed by a nonsignificant increase to 64.4% between 2014 and 2020 (APC,1.7%). When the participants were stratified according to sociodemographic factors, the participants with higher household income and education levels generally had higher screening rates. Conclusions: There has been substantial improvement in CRC screening rates in the general Korean population. However, it is necessary to determine why the screening rate has stabilized since 2014 and identify barriers that cause disparities in CRC screening rates among populations with lower socioeconomic status. (Gut Liver 2022;16:930-941)

Multimorbidity-adjusted YLD rates calculated through Monte-Carlo simulation

Shin Yoonhee,Choi Eun Jeong,Park Bomi,이혜아,Lee Eun-Kyung,박혜숙 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: To efficiently utilize limited health and medical resources, it is necessary to accurately measure the level of health, which requires estimating the multimorbidity-corrected burden of disease. METHODS: This study used 2015 and 2016 data from the National Health Insurance Service, and employed the list of diseases defined in a Korean study of the burden of disease, the criteria for prevalence, and the “cause–sequelae–health state” disease system. When calculating the years lost to disability (YLD), multimorbidity was corrected using Monte-Carlo simulation. RESULTS: Correcting for multimorbidity changed YLD at all ages in Korea by -1.2% (95% CI, -24.1 to 3.6) in men and -12.4% (95% CI, -23.0 to 0.3) in women in 2015, and by -10.8% (95% CI, -24.1 to 4.6) in men and -11.1% (95% CI, -22.8 to 1.7) in women in 2016. The YLD rate for non-communicable diseases in men decreased more than that of other disease groups in both years, by -11.8% (95% CI, -19.5 to 3.6) and -11.5% (95% CI, -19.3 to -3.0), respectively. The overall YLD rate changed by -1.3% in the 5-year to 9-year age group, and the magnitude of this change remained similar until the 10- to 19-year age group, gradually decreased after 20 years of age, and steeply increased to more than 10% in those aged 60 and older. CONCLUSIONS: Calculations of YLD should adjust for multimorbidity, as the disease burden can otherwise be overestimated for the elderly, who tend to exhibit a high prevalence of multimorbidity

Determination of Structural and Functional Sites on the Sheep Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptide-18 (SMAP-18)

Bomi JUNG,Song Yub SHIN,Chul Won LEE 한국생물공학회 2016 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

Antiallergic Effect of Two Variants of Artemisia princeps Pampanini

Shin, Yong-wook,Bae, Eun-Ah,Lee, Bomi,Min, Sungwon,Lee, Jin Hee,Baek, Nam-In,Ryu, Su-No,Chung, Hae-Gon,Kim, Nam-Jae,Kim, Dong-Hyun 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Antiallergic activities of two variants of Artemisia princeps Pampanini SJ-1 (named as Sajabalssuk) and SS-1 (named as Sajuarissuk) cultivated in Ganghwado, which contain high content of eupatilin compared to those cultured by other places, were investigated to evaluate the possibility as inhibitors against allergic diseases. Ethanol and supercritical fluid extracts of SJ-1 and SS-1 inhibited the release of (3-hexosaminidase from RBL-2H3 cells, although their water extracts were inactive. These extracts potently inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production of RAW264.7. However, these extracts almost did not scavenge free radicals. Oral administration of these extracts to mice inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction induced by IgE, and acute dermatitis induced by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. However, these extracts did not inhibit chronic dermatitis. Scratching behaviors, vascular permeability, and writhing syndromes were weakly inhibited by these extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Based on these findings, we believe that SJ-1 and SS-1 can improve IgE-induced allergic diseases such as rhinitis and asthma.

The Relationship between Mother’s Smartphone Addiction and Children’s Smartphone Usage

Bomi Kim,So ra Han,Eun-Jin Park,Heejeong Yoo,Sooyeon Suh,Yunmi Shin 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.2

Objective As smartphone use is becoming more common, the age of initial exposure to devices is becoming younger. Young children’s screen use is influenced by various factors; it is more directly dependent on family environment than school-aged children. Our study aimed to examine the effect of mother’s smartphone addition on their child’s smartphone use. Methods Participants were from the Kids Cohort for Understanding of internet addiction Risk factors in early childhood (K-CURE) study. Adult smartphone addiction self-diagnosis scale was used to evaluate smartphone addiction degree of mother. Child’s smartphone use was assessed by parental questionnaire. Using logistic regression analysis, we examine the association between mother’s smartphone addiction and child’s smartphone use. Results After adjusting for other factors, mother’s smartphone addiction is related with early smartphone exposure of children. Highrisk group’s children was exposed to smartphone earlier than low risk group (adjusted OR, 0.418; p=0.021). Contrary to expectation, there is no correlation between mother’s smartphone addiction and child’s smartphone use time. Conclusion Our study explain that mother’s smartphone addiction can affect early smartphone exposure on children. Based on our findings, further study might explore the effect of early smartphone exposure on children.

Atmospheric pressure plasma induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)-like process in human dermal fibroblasts

Bomi Gweon,Mina Kim,Hyeonyu Kim,Wonho Choe,Jennifer H. Shin 대한기계학회 2011 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2011 No.4

Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Cryptomonas (Cryptophyceae, Cryptophyta) from Korea

Choi, Bomi,Son, Misun,Kim, Jong Im,Shin, Woongghi The Korean Society of Phycology 2013 ALGAE Vol.28 No.4

The genus Cryptomonas is easily recognized by having two flagella, green brownish color, and a swaying behavior. They have relatively simple morphology, and limited diagnostic characters, which present a major difficulty in differentiating between species of the genus. To understand species delineation and phylogenetic relationships among Cryptomonas species, the nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), partial large subunit (LSU) and small subunit ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and chloroplast-encoded psbA and LSU rDNA sequences were determined and used for phylogenetic analyses, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. In addition, nuclear-encoded ITS2 sequences were predicted to secondary structures, and were used to determine nine species and four unidentified species from 47 strains. Sequences of helix I, II, and IIIb in ITS2 secondary structure were very useful for the identification of Cryptomonas species. However, the helix IV was the most variable region across species in alignment. The phylogenetic tree showed that fourteen species were monophyletic. However, some strains of C. obovata had chloroplasts with pyrenoid while others were without pyrenoid, which used as a key character in few species. Therefore, classification systems depending solely on morphological characters are inadequate, and require the use of molecular data.

국제질병부담연구의 복합질환 고려 위한 방법론 고찰

박보미 ( Bomi Park ),신윤희 ( Yoonhee Shin ),박혜숙 ( Hyesook Park ) 대한보건협회 2021 대한보건연구 Vol.47 No.2

연구목적 : 만성질환 유병률의 증가와 기대수명 연장으로 인하여 한 개인에게 두 개 이상의 질환이 동시에 이환되어 있는 상태를 의미하는 복합만성질환의 유병률도 증가하고 있다. 따라서 인구집단에서의 질병부담을 정확하게 측정하기 위해서 복합 질환을 고려해야 할 필요성이 커지고 있다. 연구방법 : 이번 연구에서는 장애보정생존년수를 측정하는 국제 질병부담(GBD) 연구에서 복합질환을 고려하여 질병부담을 측정하기 위한 방법들이 어떻게 발전되어 왔는지를 살펴보았다. 주요 결과 : 초기 GBD 연구에서는 질병부담 산출시 복합질환을 질환 전반에 걸쳐 고려하지 못하였다. 그러나 GBD 2010연구부터 발생률 접근법이 아닌 유병률 접근법을 도입하고 질환(cause) 중심 접근에서 ‘질환(cause) - 후유증(sequela) - 건강상태(health state)’ 중심 접근으로 전환하면서 비치명적 건강상실을 의미하는 장애로 인한 건강년수의 상실 계산시에 복합질환을 보정하기 시작했다. 가상의 대상자가 각 sequela에 독립적 확률로 노출된다고 가정하고 Monte Carlo 시뮬레이션을 시행하여 총 20,000명의 가상의 대상자를 생성하였다. 2개 이상의 질환에 동시에 이환된 대상자의 장애가중치는 배가적 모델을 적용하여 계산하였으며, 계산된 장애가중치 값을 해당 조합을 이루는 각각의 sequela에 배분하여 복합질환 상태가 보정된 장애가중치 값을 구하였고, 보정된 값의 평균값을 산출하여 장애로 인한 건강년수의 상실의 보정된 값을 계산하였다. 시뮬레이션을 1,000번 반복하여 불확실도를 산출하였다. GBD 2013 연구부터는 더욱 안정된 값 산출을 위하여 가상 대상자수를 40,000명으로 증가시켰다. 결론 : 복합질환을 보정하여 질병부담을 산출하는 방법이 발전되어 왔으나 더 정확하게 질병부담을 산출하기 위해서는 비독립적 복합 이환을 보정할 수 있는 모델 개발 및 복합 이환 상태의 장애가중치 산출방법 개선을 위한 추후 연구가 더 필요하겠다. Objectives : As the prevalence of multimorbidity, the simultaneous presence of two or more diseases in the same individual, is increasing with the aging of the population, technological advances, and improvements in medical care and public policy, accounting for multimorbidity in the calculation of disease burden is becoming more important. Methods : This study reviewed advances in methods to adjust for multimorbidity in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Results : The first GBD study introduced a single measure to quantify the burden of diseases called disability-adjusted life year (DALY), which is a sum of years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD). The approaches for GBD study have been improved continuously, and since 2010 the GBD study adopted a prevalence based approach rather than an incidence based approach to calculate the YLDs, and the YLDs have been adjusted for comorbidity. To adjust for multimorbidity, GBD 2010 study ran a Monte Carlo simulation of 20,000 individuals based on the assumptions of independent probability and the multiplicative function for the combined disability weight. To capture uncertainty, 1000 different micro-simulations were run. The combined disability weight was distributed proportionately to all comorbid sequelae, and the average of these adjusted values across all simulants with a particular sequela produced the adjusted YLDs. The number of simulants has increased to 40,000 since GBD 2013 study to produce more stable values. Conclusion : More research to incorporate dependent comorbidity into the simulation and reduce uncertainty from disability weight should be conducted to adjust for multimorbidity more accurately.