한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

서울의 PPNG 발생 빈도(1991-1992)

김재홍,윤기범,박평원,김영진,전경민,김영태,김중환,곽호,구상완,송민석,유옥,지혜구,김동원,문상은,박영립,정승호,성범진,성순제,엄주용,황정열,이기홍,이주협,전태진 대한화학요법학회 1994 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The prevalence of PPNG among pretreated gonorrhea cases isolated at the STD clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul has been studied and reported annually since 1981. In 1991, 123 strains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 58(47.1%) were PPNG. In 1992, 98 starains of N.gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 51(52.0%) were PPNG. In all, 109(49.3%) strains were found to be PPNG among 221 strains isolated between 1991-1992. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul showed increased tendency till 1989, thereafter, it has been stationary or slightly decreasing.

Inhibition of Cytokine-Mediated Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Rat Insulinoma Cells by Scoparone

Kim#, Eun Kyung,Kwon#, Kang Beom,Lee, Ju Hyung,Park, Byung Hyun,Park, Jin Woo,Lee, Hern Koo,Jhee, Eun Chung,Yang, Jeong Yeh Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2007 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.30 No.2

<P>Cytokines produced by immune cells infiltrating pancreatic islets are important mediators of β-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) is known to have a wide range of pharmacological properties <I>in vitro</I>. In this study, the effects of scoparone on cytokine-induced β-cell dysfunction were examined. Presence of scoparone significantly protected interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-mediated cytotoxicity of RINm5F, a rat insulinoma cell line, and preserved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in rat pancreatic islets. Scoparone also resulted in a significant reduction in IL-1β and IFN-γ-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, a finding that correlated well with reduced levels of the inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein. The molecular mechanism by which scoparone inhibited iNOS gene expression appeared to involve the inhibition of NF-κB activation. These results revealed the possible therapeutic value of scoparone for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression.</P>

층수돌기 방선균증 : 1예 보고

이범하,이혜경,박성진,차장규,김희경 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2008 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.2S

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電子船荷證券과 電子決濟시스템의 問題點 및 向後 對應戰略

김용덕,임경범 한국해운물류학회 2002 해운물류:이론과실천 Vol.- No.4

현재 전자무역시스템과 관련되어 주목받고 있는 것으로는 볼레로(Bolero), SWIFT, 그리고 무역카트(Trade Card) 시스템이 대표적이다. 볼레로는 전자선하증권, SWIFT는 전자신용장, 무역카드는 새로운 전자무역시스템을 통한 전자결제를 언급하고 있다. 특히 전자신용장 방식의 결제측면에서 볼레로와 SWIFT는 매우 깊은 연관을 가지고 있으며, eUCP의 발표로 인하여 신용장 방식의 전자화 및 전자결제의 가능성을 더욱 높이고 있다. 한편 무역카드는 신용장을 배제한 전자교역 절차와 기업의 신용평가 및 지급보증을 통해서 전자결제의 안정성을 도모하고 있다. 이러한 전자무역시스템은 각각 특유의 법률 그리고 기술구조를 가지고 있으며 관련업체를 유인할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있으나 단점 또한 적지 않다. 따라서 본고는 볼레로, SWIFT, 무역카드로 대변되는 전자선하증권, 전자신용장, 전자결제시스템의 법률 및 기술상의 유용성과 문제점 그리고 향후 대응전략을 살펴보고 있다. BOLERO System, SWIFT, and Trade Card System have recently been used as major electronic payment systems in relation to the electronic trade. Electronic bill of lading from BOLERO, electronic letter from credit of SWIFT, and a new electronic trade procedure from Trade Card as the payment systems are covered in this paper. These electronic payment systems have some merits to attract trade-related companies, but it is also true that they hold the legal and technical problems. In other words, there still remain some problems that these transaction procedures have to solve in order to match the established one. However, these systems will eventually be settled down as the global electronic trade methods, as actual experiences from those transactions accumulate more and more. Specifically, we have to remember that a future plan of BOLERO is not expansion of the electronic Bill of lading, but the electronic trade. Thus this paper prepares for the conditions that SWIFT service could be provided by the Internet of combined with various electronic transaction model. It also prepares for legal instability of the Trade Card system in building electronic process of trade firms.

Low Density Lipoprotein의 실측치와 계산치에 관한 조사

김언규,정재린,이경옥,서덕규,이규범 대한임상병리사협회 1993 대한임상병리사회지 Vol.25 No.1

황화수소 중독증 2례

김종구,이경종,이세휘,박재범 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

평택시에 위치한 펄프 회사에서 탱크 내부를 청소하고자 근로자가 탱크 속으로 들어가는 도중 의식을 잃었다. 펄프제지 과정에서 유기물질의 발효로 인하여 유해한 가스가 발생한다. 발생할 수 있는 가스의 종류에는 이산화탄소(CO₂), 일산화탄소(CO), 암모니아(NH₃), 황화수소(H₂S) 그리고 메틸 머캅탄(methyl mercaptans, CH₃SH) 등이 있다. 작업환경 측정전 이러한 가스들이 존재할 것으로 추정하였으나 실제적으로 황화수소와 일산화탄소만 검출되었을 뿐 암모니아와 메틸 머캅탄은 측정되지 않았다. 그런데 상기 환자들에 있어서 HbCO이 정상 범주이므로 일산화탄소의 중독은 배제할 수 있었다. 따라서 황화수소 중독에 의한 의식소실임을 알 수 있었다. Hydrogen sulfide poisoning is frequently encountered in the workplace. Two workers lost their consciousness In an underground tank at a factory producing paper. The tank contained liquid mixture of used paper, sodium oxygenate chloride (NaOCl), and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate(Na₂S₂O₃.□H₂O). A worker(worker A; 36-year-old man) entered tank to remove sludge. When worker A lost his consciousness, worker B entered the tank to rescue worker A, however he lost consciousness inside the tank. We discuss in detail the clinical features of this condition. Hydrogen sulfide poisonings have occurred in industries involving petroleum refining, the manufacture of heavy water, tanning of hides, vulcanization of rubber, and the manufacture of rayon. And it is necessary to stress the health education for workers and managers in these industries.

대학생의 상담에 대한 태도

김범선,전윤경,전진실 西江大學校 學生生活相談硏究所 2008 人間理解 Vol.29 No.-

본 연구는 성별, 연령 등의 인구학적 변인과 이전 상담 경험여부가 상담에 대한 태도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 이를 위해 서울시내 S 대학에 재학 중인 528명의 학생들에게 상담에 대한 태도와 이전 상담 경험, 그리고 인구학적 특성들을 알아보는 설문지에 응답하게 한 후 그 결과를 통계적으로 분석하였다. 상담에 대한 태도는 Fisher 와 Turner(1975)의 상담태도에 관한 질문지로 측정되었다. 그 결과, 인구학적 변인 중 성별, 학년, 소속 학과, 재수 여부, 종교, 그리고 이전 상담 경험이 상담에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 여성이 남성에 비해, 천주교 집단이 다른 종교 집단에 비해 전문가에 대한 신뢰와 상담 욕구 면에서 유의미하게 높게 나타났고, 4학년 집단이 1학년에 비해, 문학부가 다른 학부에 비해 전문가에 대한 신뢰의 측면에서 유의미하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 재수를 하지 않은 집단이 삼수이상 집단에 비해 오점수용에서 더 유연한 것으로 나타났으며, 이전에 상담을 해 본 사람일수록 상담에 대한 태도도 더 긍정적이고, 상담전문가를 더 신뢰하며, 오점 수용에 유연하고, 상담 욕구도 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로 이를 통해 얻을 수 있는 논의점과 본 연구의 제한점, 후속 연구를 위한 제안점을 기술하였다. This study investigated college students' attitude toward counseling according to gender, age, and other demographic variables. Research participants were 528 S college students in Seoul. They filled out the Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Help Scale(Fisher & Turner, 1975) and demographic guestionnaire. To analyze data, correlation analysis and ANOVA were conducted. As results, gender, grade, major failure in previous college entrance exam, religion and previous counseling experience had significant influence on attitude toward counseling. Results indicated that women and catholic groups showed more positive attitude in Confidence and Need of seeking attitude toward counseling than other groups. The college seniors and the departs of literature groups showed more positive tendency in Confidence of seeking attitude toward counseling than others. Students who had not repeated a college entrance exam had more flexible attitude in Stigma. Students with previous counseling experience showed more positive tendency in Need, Stigma, Confidence and the whole attitude toward counseling. Discussions and limitations on this study were described.

태권도 지도자의 리더유형에 따른 직무스트레스와 직무만족에 관한 연구

김상범,김경지,이정학 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 2004 體育學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

This research has a practical meaning since the study has been conducted to the actual instructor of Taekwon-Do in the light of their job related stress as far as job satisfaction level. It was necessary to study work environment of Taekwon-Do leaders to promote their quality of life and study how their stress incurred at work relate to the job satisfaction, and it impact to their personal life. In order to achieve this goal, It was surveyed 210 Taekwon-Do leaders, and passed them a multiple-leader style questionnaires, LSS (Leadership Scale for Sports) developed by Chelladuai(1978), translated by Kim B. H(1990). Individual factors were researched in the area of leader types, and extent of job related stress, and substituted factor of job satisfaction level. The results from this study were as follows: Even though majority of the leaders dont think they have high stress, but for those who are single, low graded, and younger, and lower incomes have more stress. It researched the satisfaction level based on the types of leaders and it appears that those who receive better supports from the community have higher level of satisfaction. The job stress and satisfaction of Taekwon-Do leaders have adverse relationship as more you have stress that has less satisfaction on the job.

삼출성 늑막액에서 양악성 감별지표로서 CEA, TPA, SCC Ag 측정의 의의

김경찬,김민수,김미정,권두영,한승범,전영준 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1998 계명의대학술지 Vol.17 No.4

상피 세포에서 기원한 대표적인 종양표지자인 carcinoembryonic antigen (이하 CEA로 약함)은 삼출성 늑막액 환자의 양악성 감별에 보고적으로 사용되고 있다. CEA 이외에 혈청에서 양악성감별의 보조적 지표로 알려진 tissue polypeptide antigen (이하 TPA로 약함)과 squamous cell carcinoma antigen (이하 SCC Ag으로 약함)을 혈청과 늑막에서 동시 측정하여 늑막삼출액의 악성 감별에 어느 정도의 임상적인 유용성이 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 이 연구를 시행하였다. 1997년 1월 1일부터 동년 8월 31일까지 계명대학교 동산의료원에 입원한 환자들 중 삼출성늑막액을 가진 61명을 대상으로 하여 혈청과 늑막액에서 CEA, TPA, SCC Ag의 수치를 방사면역법으로 측정하였다. 각각의 조양표지자들은 악성과 양성군으로 구분한 뒤 분석하였으며 악성군이 28례, 양성군이 33례이었다. 그리고 진단양성기준치를 설정한 뒤 종양표지자들의 특이도, 민감도를 산출하였고 상기 지표들을 종양표지자와 늑막액 세포검사르 조합한 경우에도 산출하여 비교 분석하였다. 혈청 CEA 와 TPA는 각각 7.0 ng/ml, 80.0 ng/ml, 늑막액 CEA와 TPA는 각각 50. ng/ml, 4700.0 ng/ml로 진단양성기준치를 설정하였을 때 특이도를 낮추지 않으면서 가장 높은 민감도를 보였다. 늑막액 세포검사와 동시에 혈청 TPA 도는 늑막액 CEA를 측정하였을 때 특이도는 떨어뜨리지 않으면서 민감도를 높이는 좋은 조합인 것으로 나타났으며 혈청 CEA 및 TPA수치를 늑막액 세포검사와 도시에 시행하였을 때 특이도를 떨어뜨리지 않으면서 가장 높은 민감도를 얻었다. 늑막액 세포검사가 음성인 경우에도 혈청 CEA와 TPA를 동시에 측정하여 높은 민감도와 특이도를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 CEA와 TPA는 늑막삼출액의 양악성 감별 진단 유용한 보조적 지표로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), the most widely used tumor marker was measured in pleural fluid of patients with exudative pleural effusions in order to differentiate malignant from benign effusions. This study was performed to find out if there is any clinical utility in differential diagnosis of malignancy by measuring simultaneously CEA, tissue polypeptide antigen(TPA) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC Ag) in serum and pleural fluid. The study population was 61 patients with exudative pleural effusions who were admitted to Keimyung University Hospital from January 1 to August 31, 1997. Each CEA, TPA and SCC Ag level in serum and pleural fluid were measured using radioimmunoassay method. These patients were divided to malignant and benign group. Malignant group consists of 28 cases and benign group consists of 33 cases. And the sensitivity and specificity of each tumor marker was obtained using cut-off value and that combining tumor markers and pleural fluid cytology were also obtained and analyzed. When the cut-off value was applied to CEA and TPA in serum using 7.0 ng/ml and 80.0 ng/ml respectively, the highest sensitivity was obtained without specificity being lowered. The same result was obtained when the cut-off value was applied to CEA and TPA in pleural fluid using 5.0 ng/ml and 4700.0 ng/ml respectively. When CEA in pleural fluid or TPA in serum were measured in combining with pleural fluid cytology sensitivity was increased without decreasing specificity than measured in pleural fluid cytology alone. When CEA in serum and TPA in serum were measured in combining with pleural fluid cytology simultaneously, the highest sensitivity was produced without decreasing specificity than measured in any other combinations. In addition, when serum CEA and TPA in serum were measured in the negative group of pleural fluid cytology, high sensitivity and specificity were obtained. These data suggest that CEA and TPA can be used as useful tumor markers for the differential diagnosis of malignancy and benign condition in patients with exudative pleural effusions.