Production of Hepatotoxin by the Cyanobacterium Scytonema sp . Strain BT 23

(Kumar),(Ashok),(D . P . Singh),(M . B . Tyagi),(Arvind Kumar),(E . G . Prasuna),(J . K . Thakur) 한국미생물생명공학회 2000 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.10 No.3

N/A N/A

Rapid Multiplex PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of the Brucella Genus, B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis

( Kumar Sanjay ),( Urmil Tuteja ),( Kumari Sarika ),( Dhirendra Kumar Singh ),( Ashok Kumar ),( Om Kumar ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.1

The routine identification and differentiation of Brucella species is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, which frequently places personnel at risk of laboratory-acquired infection. Here, we describe the development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay for the confirmation of presumptive Brucella isolates. The assay was able to identify and differentiate major human pathogens, namely B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis, in a single test of less than an hour and a half.

Mirizzi’s syndrome

Ashok Kumar,Ganesan Senthil,Anand Prakash,Anu Behari,Rajneesh Kumar Singh,Vinay Kumar Kapoor,Rajan Saxena 한국간담췌외과학회 2016 한국간담췌외과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Backgrounds/Aims: Mirizzi’s syndrome (MS) poses great diagnostic and management challenge to the treating physician. We presented our experience of MS cases with respect to clinical presentation, diagnostic difficulties, surgical procedures and outcome. Methods: Prospectively maintained data of all surgically treated MS patients were analyzed. Results: A total of 169 MS patients were surgically managed between 1989 and 2011. Presenting symptoms were jaundice (84%), pain (75%) and cholangitis (56%). Median symptom duration s was 8 months (range, <1 to 240 months). Preoperative diagnosis was possible only in 32% (54/169) of patients based on imaging study. Csendes Type II was the most common diagnosis (57%). Fistulization to the surrounding organs (bilio-enteric fistulization) were found in 14% of patients (24/169) during surgery. Gall bladder histopathology revealed xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis in 33% of patients (55/169). No significant difference in perioperative morbidity was found between choledochoplasty (use of gallbladder patch) (15/89, 17%) and bilio-enteric anastomosis (4/28, 14%) (p=0.748). Bile leak was more common with choledochoplasty (5/89, 5.6%) than bilio-enteric anastomosis (1/28, 3.5%), without statistical significance (p=0.669). Conclusions: Preoperative diagnosis of MS was possible in only one-third of patients in our series. Significant number of patients had associated fistulae to the surrounding organs, making the surgical procedure more complicated. Awareness of this entity is important for intraoperative diagnosis and consequently, for optimal surgical strategy and good outcome.

Protective efficacy of Coriandrum sativum seeds against arsenic induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice

Kumar Arun,Kumar Vikas,Akhouri Vivek,Kumar Ranjit,Ali Mohammad,Rashmi Tuhin,Chand Gyanendra Bahadur,Singh Sushil Kumar,Ghosh Ashok Kumar 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.4

Arsenic poisoning in ground water is one of the most sensitive environmental pollutant causing serious pollution all over the world. Chronic arsenic exposure through drinking water to humans leads to major public health related issues. There have been very meagre studies which reported that, the plant constituents proved to exhibit protective effect from arsenicosis. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the protective efficacy of Coriandrum sativum seeds extract against sodium arsenite induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice. In the present study twenty-four male healthy Swiss albino mice (30 ± 5 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6), where the control group received normal diet and water; group II and group III treated with sodium arsenite (2 mg per kg body weight per day) for 2 and 4 weeks respectively. The group IV mice were administered with C.sativum seeds extract at the dose of 150 mg per kg body weight per day for 4 weeks upon sodium arsenite pretreated (2 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks per day) mice. After the complete dose duration, all the treatment group animals were sacrificed same day for haematological, biochemical and histopathological study. In the arsenic treated mice, there were significant (p < 0.0001) changes in the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid and creatinine as well as in the haematological parameters. In contrast, after the administration with C.sativum seeds extract upon arsenic pretreated mice, there was significant (p < 0.0001) improvement observed in the hepatic and renal biomarker parameters as well as haematological variables. In the arsenic intoxicated mice, after administration with C.sativum seeds extract there was significant (p < 0.0001) reduction in the arsenic concentration in blood, liver and kidney tissues as well as in the serum LPO levels. Furthermore, the histopathological study showed that, C.sativum seeds extract administrated group of mice significantly restored the liver and kidney at cellular level against arsenic induced toxicity. The entire study concludes that C.sativum seeds extract possesses the ameliorative effect against arsenic induced liver and kidney intoxication.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Different Populations of Raily Ecorace of Indian Tasar Silkworm, Antheraea Mylitta Drury Using ISSR Markers

( Ashok Kumar Srivastava ),( Prasanta Kumar Kar ),( Ravibhushan Sinha ),( Manoj Kumar Sinha ),( Nanjappa Basavappa Vijayaprakash ) 한국잠사학회 2009 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.19 No.2

Raily ecorace of Indian tasar silkworm is wild in nature and distributed abundantly in dense deciduous forest on Shorea robusta (Sal) in Bastar (17°4` and 20°34` N, 80°15` and 82°15` E and altitude ranging from 150 to 1200 mMSL) forest ranges of Chhattisgarh, India. It is represented by about 20 populations. Out of those, eleven populations showed intra- as well as inter- population variability based on phenotypic expression and also in major economic traits viz. cocoon weight, shell weight, filament length and denier. Genetic diversity in these eleven populations was studied using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The band profiles generated with eight ISSR primers have depicted variation in band size. All the primers exhibited polymorphism which is an indicative of the genetic variation in individual Raily silkworm. Among the populations, total polymorphism recorded was 76%. The population genetic aspects assessed through POPGENE software package are discussed in the paper. Nei`s gene diversity (h) ranged from 0.194 to 0.337 exhibiting high heterozygosity. Relevance of the present study is of high significance in formulating conservation strategies and sustainable utilization of the economically important Raily ecorace of Antheraea mylitta.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Different Populations of Raily Ecorace of Indian Tasar Silkworm, Antheraea Mylitta Drury Using ISSR Markers

Srivastava, Ashok Kumar,Kar, Prasanta Kumar,Sinha, Ravibhushan,Sinha, Manoj Kumar,Vijayaprakash, Nanjappa Basavappa Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2009 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.19 No.2

Raily ecorace of Indian tasar silkworm is wild in nature and distributed abundantly in dense deciduous forest on Shorea robusta (Sal) in Bastar ($17^{\circ}4'$ and $20^{\circ}34'$ N, $80^{\circ}15'$ and $82^{\circ}15'$ E and altitude ranging from 150 to 1200 mMSL) forest ranges of Chhattisgarh, India. It is represented by about 20 populations. Out of those, eleven populations showed intra- as well as inter- population variability based on phenotypic expression and also in major economic traits viz. cocoon weight, shell weight, filament length and denier. Genetic diversity in these eleven populations was studied using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The band profiles generated with eight ISSR primers have depicted variation in band size. All the primers exhibited polymorphism which is an indicative of the genetic variation in individual Raily silkworm. Among the populations, total polymorphism recorded was 76%. The population genetic aspects assessed through POPGENE software package are discussed in the paper. Nei's gene diversity (h) ranged from 0.194 to 0.337 exhibiting high heterozygosity. Relevance of the present study is of high significance in formulating conservation strategies and sustainable utilization of the economically important Raily ecorace of Antheraea mylitta.

Identification of bioactive components behind the antimicrobial activity of cow urine by peptide and metabolite profiling

Rohit Kumar,Jai Kumar Kaushik,Ashok Kumar Mohanty,Sudarshan Kumar Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.7

Objective: Cow urine possesses several bioactive properties but the responsible components behind these bioactivities are still far from identified. In our study, we tried to identify the possible components behind the antimicrobial activity of cow urine by exploring the peptidome and metabolome. Methods: We extracted peptides from the urine of Sahiwal cows belonging to three different physiological states viz heifer, lactation, and pregnant, each group consisting of 10 different animals. The peptides were extracted using the solid phase extraction technique followed by further extraction using ethyl acetate. The antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract was evaluated against different pathogenic strains like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae. The safety of urinary aqueous extract was evaluated by hemolysis and cytotoxicity assay on the BuMEC cell line. The urinary peptides were further fractionated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify the fraction(s) containing the antimicrobial activity. The HPLC fractions and ethyl acetate extract were analyzed using nLC-MS/MS for the identification of the peptides and metabolites. Results: A total of three fractions were identified with antimicrobial activity, and nLC-MS/MS analysis of fractions resulted in the identification of 511 sequences. While 46 compounds were identified in the metabolite profiling of organic extract. The urinary aqueous extract showed significant activity against E. coli as compared to S. aureus and S. agalactiae and was relatively safe against mammalian cells. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of cow urine is a consequence of the feeding habit. The metabolites of plant origin with several bioactivities are eliminated through urine and are responsible for their antimicrobial nature. Secondly, the plethora of peptides generated from the activity of endogenous proteases on protein shed from different parts of tissues also find their way to urine. Some of these sequences possess antimicrobial activity due to their amino acid composition.

Anomalous Event Detection in Traffic Video Based on Sequential Temporal Patterns of Spatial Interval Events

( Ashok Kumar P. M ),( Vaidehi. V ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.1

Detection of anomalous events from video streams is a challenging problem in many video surveillance applications. One such application that has received significant attention from the computer vision community is traffic video surveillance. In this paper, a Lossy Count based Sequential Temporal Pattern mining approach (LC-STP) is proposed for detecting spatio-temporal abnormal events (such as a traffic violation at junction) from sequences of video streams. The proposed approach relies mainly on spatial abstractions of each object, mining frequent temporal patterns in a sequence of video frames to form a regular temporal pattern. In order to detect each object in every frame, the input video is first pre-processed by applying Gaussian Mixture Models. After the detection of foreground objects, the tracking is carried out using block motion estimation by the three-step search method. The primitive events of the object are represented by assigning spatial and temporal symbols corresponding to their location and time information. These primitive events are analyzed to form a temporal pattern in a sequence of video frames, representing temporal relation between various object`s primitive events. This is repeated for each window of sequences, and the support for temporal sequence is obtained based on LC-STP to discover regular patterns of normal events. Events deviating from these patterns are identified as anomalies. Unlike the traditional frequent item set mining methods, the proposed method generates maximal frequent patterns without candidate generation. Furthermore, experimental results show that the proposed method performs well and can detect video anomalies in real traffic video data.

Design and Performances of Implantable CPW Fed Apollian Shaped Antenna at 2.45 GHz ISM Band for Biomedical Applications

Kumar, S. Ashok,Sankar, J. Navin,Dileepan, D.,Shanmuganantham, T. The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.5

A novel implantable CPW fed Apollian shaped antenna embedded into human tissue is proposed for ISM band biomedical applications. The proposed antenna is made compatible for implantation by embedding it in an alumina ceramic substrate(ε_r=9.8 and thickness= 0.65 mm). The proposed antenna covers the ISM band of 2.45 GHz. The radiation parameters such as return loss, xy-plane, xz-plane, and yz-plane etc., are measured and analyzed using the agilent vector network analyzer. The proposed antenna has substantial advantages, including low profile, miniaturization ability, lower return loss, better impedance matching, and high gain over conventional implanted antennas.

Maternal Factors and Risk of Childhood Leukemia

Kumar, Ashok,Vashist, Minakshi,Rathee, Radha Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Background: Although the cause in most cases of childhood leukemia is not known, the contribution of environmental risk factors in the context of genetic predisposition has been reported with inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to examine association of childhood leukemia with maternal factors especially during pregnancy, to help in avoiding risk factors. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included children younger than 18 years diagnosed with leukemia from 2008 to 2012. Controls were randomly selected and individually matched to cases with respect to age, sex, and residency. All variables were compared between cases and control to determine any significant association with leukemia. Results: Statistically significant associations between risk of childhood leukemia with mother's education (p=0.001), occupation (p=0.0005) and pesticides exposure (p=0.005) during pregnancy were found. However, there were no significant links with maternal age (p=0.090), history of fetal loss (0.85), history of radiography during pregnancy (p=0.400), history of drug intake (p=0.689) and infection (p=0.696) during pregnancy. Conclusions: The results showed increased risk of leukemia in children whose mothers were working in agriculture and were exposed to pesticides during pregnancy. The further study needs to be investigated to know association of various maternal risk factors with leukemia which remained unknown in this study.