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카르텔 정당체제의 형성과 발전 : 민주화 이후 한국의 경우
장훈 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2003 한국과 국제정치 Vol.19 No.4
There have been tremendous continuities from the authoritarian era in Korean party system. Legacy parties from the authoritarian regime have dominated the party system even after the democratization in 1987 in terms of party organization, electoral campaigning and party leadership. This paper aspires to revisit two existing explanations for the rise of cartel party system and to provide an alternative approach. The structural perspective has emphasized the impact of the mode of democratic transition, in particular, the conservative transition resulting from compromise between the authoritarian regime bloc and democratizing force. In contrast, institutionalism perspective has focused on the role of majoritarian electoral system, disproportionate state subsidies to large parties and the like. Combining the two perspectives, we argue that historical institutionalism provides a compelling explanation taking into account the motivation and strategies of relevant actors in setting up institutional arrangement.
이승만 대통령과 한미동맹: 동맹의 형성요인에 관한 연구
장훈각 ( Hoon Kak Chang ) 연세대학교 사회과학연구소 2011 社會科學論集 Vol.42 No.1
The purpose of this article is to show the relationship between Korea and US toward the mutual defense treaty in 1954. Korean government strived to establish a defense system through the alliance with US and tried to keep the US forces in the Korean Peninsula. But the defense against North Korea and communist China in the Korean Peninsula was not a critical interest to the US. US government utilized the mutual defence treaty with Korea in ending the Korean war and controling the Korean`s military actions against Communists. For US, the bilateral ROK-US security pact was the most feasible means lessening the fear of abandonment of Korean people, controling the Korean government`s opposition to armistice. It can be said that the ROK-US Mutual Defense Agreement in 1954 was a starting point of the military alliance between ROK and US, not the product of blood alliance.
유도결합형 플라즈마 마그네트론 스피터로 제작된 CrN 코팅막의 전기화학적 물성 비교 연구
장훈,전성용 한국표면공학회 2022 한국표면공학회지 Vol.55 No.2
In this paper, we compared the properties of the chromium nitride (CrN) films prepared by inductively coupled plasma magnetron sputtering (ICPMS). As a comparison, CrN film prepared by a direct current magnetron sputtering (dcMS) is also studied. The crystal structure, surface and cross-sectional microstructure and composite properties of the as-deposited CrN films are compared by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation tester and corrosion resistance tester, respectively. It is found that the as-deposited CrN films by ICPMS grew preferentially on (200) plane when compared with that by dcMS on (111) plane. As a result, the films deposited by ICPMS have a very compact microstructure with high hardness: the nanoindentation hardness reached 19.8 GPa and 13.5 GPa by dcMS, respectively. Besides, the residual stress of CrN films prepared by ICPMS is also relatively large. After measuring the corrosion resistance, the corrosion current of films prepared by ICPMS was three order of magnitude smaller than that of CrN films deposited by dcMS.
Plugger temperature of cordless heat carriers according to the time elapsed
장훈상,Jin-Woo Kim,Se-Hee Park,Kyung-Mo Cho 대한치과보존학회 2018 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.43 No.1
Objective The purpose of this study was to measure the temperature of the plugger tip of 3 cordless heat carriers set at 200°C. Materials and Methods Pluggers of the same taper (0.06, 0.08, 0.10) and similar tip sizes (sizes of 50 and 55) from 3 cordless heat carriers, namely SuperEndo-α2 (B & L Biotech), Friendo (DXM), and Dia-Pen (Diadent), were used and an electric heat carrier, System B (SybronEndo), was used as the control. The plugger tips were covered with customized copper sleeves, heated for 10 seconds, and the temperature was recorded with a computerized measurement system attached to a K-type thermometer at room temperature (n = 10). The data were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance at a 5% level of significance. Results The peak temperature of the plugger tips was significantly affected by the plugger taper and by the heat carrier brand (p < 0.05). The peak temperature of the plugger tips was between 177°C and 325°C. The temperature peaked at 207°C–231°C for the 0.06 taper pluggers, 195°C–313°C for the 0.08 taper pluggers, and 177°C–325°C for the 0.10 taper pluggers. Only 5 of the 12 plugger tips showed a temperature of 200°C ± 10°C. The time required to reach the highest temperature or 200°C ± 10°C was at least 4 seconds. Conclusion When using cordless heat carriers, clinicians should pay attention to the temperature setting and to the activation time needed to reach the intended temperature of the pluggers.
유도결합 플라즈마 파워에 따른 MoN 코팅막의 결정구조 및 기계·전기적 특성 변화
장훈,전성용 한국표면공학회 2022 한국표면공학회지 Vol.55 No.2
Nanocrystalline MoN coatings were prepared by inductively coupled plasma magnetron sputtering (ICPMS) changing the plasma power from 0 W to 200 W. The properties of the coatings were analyzed by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation tester and semiconductor characterization system. As the ICP power increases, the crystal structure of the MoN coatings changed from a mixed phase of Υ-Mo2N and α-Mo to a single phase Υ-Mo2N. MoN coatings deposited by ICPMS at 200 W showed the most compact microstructure with the highest nanoindentation hardness of 27.1 GPa. The electrical resistivity of the coatings decreased from 691.6 μΩ cm to 325.9 μΩ cm as the ICP power increased.