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- 저자 : 李淳甲(Lee Soon Gab) (검색결과 10 건)
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런던 메이어(Mayor)직의 등장과 의미 -특히 초대 메이어 Henry FitzAilwin을 중심으로-
이순갑 ( Soon Gab Lee ) 한국서양중세사학회 2002 西洋中世史硏究 Vol.0 No.9
The name of Mayor in England borrow from the Continent offices title. The title was both of the brand vizier of the Frankish kingdom, ‘the mayor of the palace’, and ‘the mayor of vill’. Also, the meaning of maior in France was the formal head of the group of e’chvins, scabini, who, were the nucleus, or rulers, of the sworn ommune. The appearance and meaning of the mayoralty were more important research of the medieval cities in England. Whether the role and meaning on the modern Lord Mayor applied to the office of the late 12th-the early 13th centruies or not, then the key to solution was the first mayor Henry FitzAilwin. The expedition of Richard in 1190 was the one of the more important political events. The new office was needed to Richard during his expedition. The chanecllor by the side of the king Richard necessary had to have the office of a follower, so that he could compete to the rival. The king Richard created the new office that prevailed from the Continent at that time. The first mayor of London was Henry FitzAilwin, the alderman that based on land for generations. He made trial of the accused on hustings with sheriff so on forth, before the London mayoralty. Also he collected the compensation for Richard and farm on the london mayoralty. The transition from Richard to John revealed Henry FitzAilwin to a conservative character. Because he was still a mayor during the reign of John. Alos This proved that his political infuence was to munute. The appearance of the London mayor was in the early 1190s, but after nealy 10 years(1215) the official recognition revealed in the John`s charter. After Ailwin`s death. the mayoralty didn`t succeeded to his family. That was proved, the office was not hereditary but the eletion. The able to election formed the city oligarchy. Also, this proved that The family based on land gradually disappeared from the mayoralty, the wealth on commerce and leadership in city were more important thing concerning on the mayoralty. It was entrusted the important role of a town administration to the mayor, instead of sheriff and reeve.
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이순갑(Lee Soon-Gab),김배원(Kim Bae-Won) 부산대학교 법학연구소 2008 법학연구 Vol.48 No.2
본고에서는 중세 런던의 법정의 성립과 그 변화를 살펴 런던에서 가지는 특수한 성격과 그것이 중세 영국 전반에 끼친 영향을 동시에 살피고자 한다. 이를 위해 메이어 선출이 이루어지는 1190년대 이전 런던 법정의 형성과 이후 법정으로 나누어 살피고 또한 런던 법정이 지방법정과 어떤 형태로 연계되였나를 순회법정과 관련지어 살피고자 한다. 검토한 결과 다음과 같은 사항이 나타났다. 우선 중세 초 런던의 법정은 왕실 법정과 민회, 허스팅 법정으로 주요 사건을 다루고 있었고, 특허장에서 보이는 바대로 교회나 귀족에게 수여되었던 사적 재판 관할권이 존재했다. 다음으로 1190년대 런던에서 메이어의 선출이후 도시의 대표가 되는 메이어법정이 나타나게 되고 이로써 시의회 법정, 올더먼 법정, 세리프 법정 등과 그 기능적으로 분화되어 갔다. 또한 왕의 법정도 지속적으로 발전해 중요한 분쟁이나 청원의 경우 최종심의 기관으로 되어 있었다. 1170년대부터 확립된 순회법정의 경우 런던(웨스트민스터)에서 파견된 중앙 재판관과 지방재판관으로 나뉘어져 심리를 하고 있다. 심리의 결정에 중앙 재판관이 주도적으로 역할을 하고, 이는 국왕이 지방의 사법 통치를 효율적으로 관리 할 수 있는 수단이 되었다. 런던은 잉글랜드의 왕이 대륙을 순회하고 돌아오거나 다른 지역의 순행이후에 거처를 삼는 주요한 지점이었고, 특허장에서도 나타나는바 다른 지역과의 분쟁에서도 자신의 사법 관할권으로 그 소송을 가지고 올 수 있던 가장 특권을 지닌 지역이라고 할 수 있다. 이는 중세 도시로 런던이 지니는 사법상의 주요 기능이 이후 시기에도 여전히 그 위치를 점하는 요인으로 작용하고 있었고 그것이 런던의 외적 발전에 큰 영향이었다고 할 수 있다. This article should be considered the formation and use of Medieval London Courts, and then expressed nor only the specific character but the effects on the English medieval society. This contends divided into the formation of London court before the election of a Mayor in the I 190s and after that, and then it should be considered whether the medieval London court was related the country court(eyre) or nor. After thoroughly reviewing related research materials it concluded as follows. First of all the early medieval London courts consisted of the Household court, folkmoot, Hustings and a private jurisdictions so forth. Then a mayor court appeared upon the scene after the election of a mayor in the I 190s. With this, the medieval London courts displayed the functional specialization. They were classified according to functions and the status. Also the King's court became a higher court that treated with a petition and a lower court's disputes. And then the eyre had been organized In the 1170s. It was composed of London(Westminster) justices and county justices. London(Westminster) justices played a leading in trail on an eyre. London was the most important stronghold after returning the Continent, a royal tour in the country. Also according the charter, London was the special area that the citizens should not plead outside the walls of the City of London on any plea. The functional effects on the administration of justice made strengthen to raise the City's profile since the Middle ages.
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이순갑(Lee Soon-Gab) 부산경남사학회 2006 역사와 경계 Vol.58 No.-
The Characteristic of English Medieval Boroughs contained about a fortress, a administration center, a trade center. This results brought about the formation of the medieval town. Then it was wonder that the borough had the real nature of a medieval town, that was, the extension and characteristic of a medieval town. What was the connection of the borough before and after the Norman Conquest? The results were when the extension of the borough trade began, what the wool trade connected with the growth of the medieval borough.<br/> In a view of the results so far researched, I reached the conclusion. First of all, the raising of livestock has aroused the dwellers' interest in the early Anglo-Saxon Ages. Therefore, documents and rolls were dealt with sheep as well as cattle, that was, the article of the important fortune. The possession and trade of a sheep must had a permission of a ruling class.<br/> Secondly, the English monetary system had strengthened the administrative and trade center of the borough circle. The English geld settled account of Scandinavian Settlements. The English coins were minted in the English Boroughs before and after Norman Conquest, so that boroughs became a center of the trade and communication.<br/> Thirdly, the wool trade decisively had an effect the growth of Medieval Boroughs. Henceforth the skill dealing wool and woolen goods had the prime mover of the woolen manufacture. Hereafter, the wool trade of Boroughs had connected the intensification of a medieval guild, the grant of a market, the election of a mayor.
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