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B 림프구 활성화 자극에 따른 Interleukin-4 수용체와 Type II IgE 수용체 발현조절양상의 상호관련성
이충은,윤석란,변광호,소의영 大韓免疫學會 1995 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.17 No.3
Interleukin-4(IL-4) specifically induces the expression of its own receptor, IL-4R and type II IgE receptor, FceR1l in a dose-dependent manner in human B lymphocytes. We observed that the IL-4-induced expression of IL-4R and Fce Rll were both down-regulated by interferon-T(IFN-T) at mRNA as well as surface protein levels in normal B lymphocytes. Such co-ordinated regulation of the IL-4-induced IL-4R and FceRlI also occurred by anti-CD40 and steroid, each regulating the IL-4-induced response in an opposite direction. While anti-CD40, which is re-ported to agument the IL-4-induced B cell activation, further enhanced the IL-4-induced IL-4R and Fee RU expression, methylprednisolon(MPD) strongly inhibited the level of these receptors. The anti-CD40 or MPD-induced modulation of the IL-4-induced IL-4R and FceRII was further subject to the down-regulation by lFN-T. As compared to normal B lymphocytes, a differential regulation of IL-4R and FceRII was noted in a transformed B cell line, where IFN- Tup-regulated the IL-4-induced responses. Still, there was a co-ordinated regulation of the IL-4R and FceRII in these cells. Taken together, these results suggest that modulation of IL-4R expression and FccRII induction are closely correlated events during the IL-4-induced cellular activation
미국의 성년후견제도를 통한 우리나라에의 시사점 - 신상보호를 중심으로 -
이충은 ( Lee Choong-eun ),박근수 ( Park Keun-soo ) 제주대학교 법과정책연구소 2016 法과 政策 Vol.22 No.2
미국은 성년후견제도에 상응하는 제도로 종래부터 전통적인 법정후견제도가 있었다. 또한 지속적 대리권 수여제도, 리빙윌, 신탁이라는 법정후견제도의 대체제도도 존재한다. 이들의 제도는 각각의 장단점이 있으며, 서로 다른 제도로 보완하는 것이 가능하다. 본인의 잔존능력과 의사결정을 최대한으로 존중하기 위하여 가장 적합한 방법을 채택하는 것이 중요한 것으로 여겨지고 있기 때문이다. 의사능력을 상실하는 단계는 개인마다 차이를 보이며, 일률적으로 결정되는 것도 아니다. 따라서 각각의 제도가 가능한 한 유연하게 적용될 수 있도록 제도의 검토가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 미국에서 전통적 법정후견제도는 피후견인의 심각한 인권침해와 충분한 절차 없이 진행된 피후견인의 권한의 박탈 등 많은 문제점들이 야기되고 있다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위하여 법정후견제도의 대체제도가 이용되고 있지만, 대리인을 감독할 수 있는 시스템이 마련되지 않아 대리인의 권한남용 문제가 발생하게 된다. 법정후견제도와 그 대체제도가 적절하게 조화되어 적용이 된다면 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하는 것을 물론, 지원을 필요로 하는 고령자나 장애인이 다양한 제도 중에서 자신에게 맞는 것을 선택할 수 있는 복지제도로 거듭날 수 있을 것이다. 특히, 미국은 후견과 대리, 신탁, 유언 등의 고령자에 관한 법을 종합한 고령자법(Elder Law)이 존재하여 각 제도에 대한 종합적인 검토가 이루어져 왔으며, 법률 이외에도 사회복지, 의료 등의 분야를 관련지어 논의되어 왔다는 점에서 우리에게 시사 하는바가 크다. 이에 본 논문은 미국의 종래의 전통적인 법정후견제도와 법정후견제도의 대체제도인 지속적 대리권 수여제도, 의료를 위한 지속적 대리권제도, 리빙윌, 신탁제도를 살펴본 후, 각 제도와의 관계를 검토함으로써 신상보호에 대한 향후 방향을 제시하고 있다. As a system corresponding to American guardianship system, there was a traditional legal guardian system originally in Korea. Also, a presentation system of a continuing power of attorney and subordinate systems called living will and trust exist. These systems have strong and weak points respectively. To supplement each other is possible. It is because to choose the most proper method was considered important in order to maximally respect remaining capacity of one’s own and decision making. A stage to lose mental capacity is different per person and is not decided uniformly. So, examination of systems should be realized so that each system can be applied flexibly as much as possible. The traditional legal guardianship system in the US causes a lot of problems such as serious violation of human rights of a ward and deprivation of the rights of a ward which was processed without enough procedures. Although subordinate systems of the legal guardian system are used so as to overcome these problems, a system to control an agent is not prepared. Therefore, a problem of abuse of rights occurs. If the legal guardian system and the subordinate systems are applied to cases suitably and harmoniously, the above problems can be solved. Besides, they will be reborn as welfare systems to select one thing proper for an aged person or a disabled person himself / herself among diverse systems. Especially, in the USA, because there is Elder Law that laws for aged people have been integrated, such as guardianship, agency, trust, and will, synthetic examination about each system is being realized. In addition to laws, in that discussions related to welfare, medical treatment, and so on are made, they have great implications for us. Hence, after looking into the US existing traditional legal guardianship system and subordinate systems of the legal guardian system such as the presentation system of the continuing power of attorney, continuing power of attorney for medical treatment, living will, and trust, this paper proposes future directions on the protection of someone’s body by looking into relation with each system.
써키트 웨이트트레이닝이 성인 비만여성의 신체조성, 혈압 및 혈청지질에 미치는 효과
이충일(Chung Il Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2002 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.18 No.2
This research studied the effects of circuit weight training on body composition, blood pressure and plasma lipids of adult female. 20 obese adult females in their 30s were selected as subjects. Body fat rate of the subjects ranged from 25 to 35%. The subjects were divided into two groups of 10, labeled G-1 and G-2. Each group partipated in separately designed 12 week circuit weight training(CWT) program : G-1 participated in CWT 4 circuit program, G-2 CWT 3 circuit. The findings of this research are as follows. 1. Comparison on body weight and body composition before and after training Both G-1 and G-2 showed sigflcant decrease in body weight, %fat, and fat weight with decrease rate higher in G-1 while significant increase in LBM was assessed in both groups. 2. Comparison on blood pressure before and after training Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in both groups before and after training when DBP showed no significant change in both groups. 3. Comparison on plasma lipids before and after training A significant decrease in Total cholesterol and Triglyceride was assessed in both G-1 and G-2 before and after training with decrease rate higher in G-1. HDL showed signifiant increase in both groups. Based on the findings from this research, G-1, where CWT 4 circuit was applied, showed higher rate change in both increase and decrease rate than G-2 with CWT 3 circuit. In conclusion, it will enhance effects of circuit weight training on body composition, blood pressure and plasma lipids, to add up circuit round or aerobic exercise when planning training programs.
李忠一 중앙대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1997 體育硏究 Vol.- No.10
The purpose of this study is to suggest the basic materials for sports fields and lab activity by reestablishing theoretical accumulation and estimate of exercise performance area. The point is to examine variables like cardiac endurance, muscular strength, power, muscle endurance, anaerobic power, anaerobic ability and lactate threshold, flexibility, body composition. And the results are following like this. 1. In laboratory the best means to estimate is maximal oxygen uptake and using ergometer is very effective. Therefore we can expect maximal oxygen uptake using running test which runs 1.5miles in 12minutes. 2. Muscle power which defines muscular maximum force producing power, Statical contraction or isometric contraction can be examined using delicated electronic device in lab. 3. Anaerobic power is defined maximum power output that typically endurance within 30 seconds and it is examined it's base. 4. Because flexibility is not generalized yet, only body region must be examined for special sports and health. 5. Body composition differenciate each part of body that compose total body weight and it constitute fat free weight and fat weight.
이충일(Choong Il Lee) 한국사회체육학회 1996 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.6 No.-
The purpose of this study was to determine the posture and life enviornment in high school students at both the city and the country in order to describe its real state and relation. The subjects were two hundred high school student Ⅱ at both the city and the country of the K povince. The posture measured by New York State Posture Test had 10 body region and life enviornment had 7 factors. The result of this study were as follow: In case of the posture, the city students were inferior to the country students in forward head, low shoulder, scoliosis, low hip, round back and sagging abdomen, and it was not shown a difference between the city students and the country students except the low shoulder(P<.05). In case of the life enviornment was not shown a difference(P>.05) between the city students and the country students. The life enviornment factors effect on posture transform were a school learning fool and enviornment as the greatest effect, and than a domestic and school learning posture, a domestic learning fool and enviornment, a sleeping factor, and a health factor.