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이숭원 한국어문교육연구회 2016 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.44 No.2
The study of Baekseok’s poetry started in full swing from 1988 and there were more achievements compared to any other poets. The number of thesis papers and articless issued in academic journals is among the top and he had the most number of complete collections published among writers. Along with the growing interest in Baekseok and increasing amount of studies on his work, there are cases where studies apply too broad interpretation, exaggerating small characteristics as the general characteristics of his work, or studies that adopt analysis contradictory to the time period. The analysis of “Haebin Sucheop”, which is regarded to be his earliest prose, “the Sea of Gakisaki”, and “the Street of Iznocuniminato”, showed that his use of dialect was not the result of intentional methodology but was a natural articulation from Baekseok’s disposition. While using dialect, he arranged it appropriately so that it would not disturb readers following the context of the poems. He viewed objects uniquely from his own viewpoint and restructured them with his own language. The basic atmosphere of his poetry is solitude, melancholy, and sense of alienation. The important characteristics of Baekseok’s poetry are the ambiguity of expressions, which, linked to the technique of ellipsis and condensation, creates a unique charm of his poetry. The structure of binary antithesis, coupled with the technique of repetition and enumeration, form important characteristics of Baekseok’s poetry. These features consistently appear in his poems from his early days to the liberation period, settling as the expressional aesthetics of Baekseok. The true aspects of the expressional aesthetics should be thoroughly reviewed through detailed analysis of his works. After the publication of Deer, a collection of his poems, he displays an effort to go over the visible objects and find spiritual values. Such attitude appears more actively and persistently during the time he stayed in Hamgyungdo Province and Manchuria. The exploration of spiritual values evolves into historical and communal imagination, which is a developmental progress seen very rarely in the history of Korean poetry. In this respect, the spiritual significance of the progress of Baekseok’s poetry should be studied meticulously. 백석 시 연구는 1988년 이후 백석에 대한 관심이 높아지자 새로운 담론을 펼쳐야 한다는 생각 때문에 부분적 측면을 전면적인 것으로 해석하거나 시대적 흐름에 부합하지 않는 설명을 하는 사례가 나타났다. 초기의 작품 「海濱手帖」과 「柿崎의 바다」, 「伊豆國湊街道」를 보면 그의 방언 구사가 체질에서 우러난 자연스러운 발화이며, 시의 기본 정조가 고독, 우수, 소외감임을 알 수 있다. 백석 시가 보여주는 중요한 특징이 표현상의 모호성인데, 이것은 생략과 압축의 기법과 연결되어 백석 시의 독특한 매력을 형성한다. 이항대립의 대구 형식도 반복과 열거의 기법과 결합되어 중요한 특징을 이룬다. 시집 『사슴』 출간 이후 그의 시는 가시적 대상 너머에서 정신적 가치를 찾으려는 시도를 보인다. 정신적 가치의 탐구는 역사적 상상력, 공동체적 상상력으로 발전하는데, 한국 시사에서 이러한 발전적 전개 과정을 보인 시인은 매우 드물다. 이런 점에서 백석 시의 전개가 갖는 정신사적 의미에 대한 탐구가 치밀하게 이루어질 필요가 있다.
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이숭원 한국문학교육학회 2005 문학교육학 Vol.16 No.-
The poem "A Glass Window" by Ji-Yong Chung printed on a Korean literature textbook implies that the poet wrote this poem after losing his son. Therefore, it is inevitable to consider that this poem is somehow related to his son's death. Considering the historical facts about the poet and the context the poem reveals, it is believed that his second son died from pneumonia in the winter of 1929. "A Glass Window" is a poem in which the poet expressed his pain and deep sorrow. It is difficult to agree upon the interpretation, which sees that the meaning of the line "what rather icy glass window, this sad thing, shimmers" is "the steam of breath of the poet." The reason why thingsoutside the glass window look obscure and vague is because of frost. The meaning of this part is rather simple : he sees something shimmering outside the glass window, but it cannot be clearly seen because of the layer of frost covering the window. Suddenly, it occurs to him that it may be the child he lost, and he melts the frost with the steam of his breath and the thing outside the glass window flutters its wings as if it knows him well. He melts the frost again trying to see outside the glass window more clearly. However, the biting cold forms another layer of frost that fills the window, and he repeats wiping it off again and again. The only thing he sees, however, is the darkness of the night and a glimmering star in the sky. Saying "water-soaked star" means that the star is not just dimmed with water, but seems absorbed water by itself, appearing to the poet's eye as something opaque. The starlight, in other words, the appearance of his lost child, is studded on the glass window and finally penetratesthe window to lodge in the heart of the father. Considering that the title of this poem is "A Glass Window"and that the poetic imagery unfolds from its beginning to end with the glass window as its mediator, we need to pay careful attention to the sensuous symbolism of the glass window. "Abashed" means "awkward and shy" or "timid or weak-kneed." The act of standing close to a glass window on a winter night and peeking outside by melting the frost of the window with the steam of breath is something only a child would do, and it may be awkward and timid for an adult to do such an act. However, the charm of this poem lies in the fact that knowing such an act is something awkward and abashed, and despite of that he still could not leave the glass window ; in fact, he finds himself compelled to repeat the act. Understanding the background or the underlying emotion of such an act is the most important point to appreciate this beautiful poem.
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