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백내장 수술 후 스펙트럼영역 빛간섭단층촬영에서 나타나는 시신경 지표 변화
이경식,김용민,김지현,안지민,정우석,최정범,박경수,Kyung Sik Lee,Yong Min Kim,Ji Hyun Kim,Ji Min Ahn,Woo Suk Chung,Jung Bum Choi,Kyoung Soo Park 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.10
Purpose: To assess changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head parameters after cataract surgery by using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: Twenty-nine eyes of 26 patients, who underwent cataract surgery, were imaged with spectral-domain OCT before and after surgery to measure peripapillary RNFL thickness and optic nerve head parameters, signal strength (SS), quadrant, 12 clock-hour RNFL thickness, rim area, disc area, cup/disc area ratio, vertical cup/disc ratio, and cup volume. Results: The postoperative RNFL thickness and SS were higher than before surgery (p < 0.05). Regarding optic nerve head parameters, rim area was 0.07 ± 0.10 mm higher than before surgery and disc area, cup/disc area ratio, vertical cup/disc ratio, cup volume were 0.07 ± 0.15 mm, 0.04 ± 0.04, 0.03 ± 0.05, 0.04 ± 0.06 mm, respectively, lower than before surgery (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Cataracts may decrease peripapillary RNFL thickness measurement and SS on OCT scans and change other optic nerve head parameters. Peripapillary RNFL thickness and optic nerve head parameter measurements should be interpreted with caution in eyes with significant cataracts.
李景植(Lee Kyoung-sik) 역사교육연구회 1999 역사교육 Vol.72 No.-
Nog?p system first became effective from the middle period of the Three Kingdoms when Ky?lbu system(結負制) was adjusted according to land productivity connected to acreage. It was also the time when the tax system intended for the people"s relief was established. The way the ruling class of the confederated kingdoms and early ancient states directly levied and collected the tax on the basis of village system changed into the one in which nobles and officials of the kingdom states divided and distributed the right of collecting tax on the land of the provinces. This system had been abolished for 70 years right after the Shilla"s unification, but it was reinstated and continued until the early period of the Kory? Dynasty. Nog?p was a means of paying formal courtesy of the feudal spirit in the relationship between king and noble-officials. It made possible the establishment of the system of levying and collecting dues based on the land possessor-husbandman relationship(田主佃客制. Ch?nju-Ch?ngaeg-je) and accompanying rules of domination. The system of slavery domination and due-collection on the basis of head and household broke up and was restructured into the developed system of collecting and paying dues on the basis of the land. Sig?p(食邑) included the right of levying and collecting corvee and tributes. In this process, the tax system composed of land dues, corvee, and tributes was arranged. In this sense, Nog?p system, as a medieval form of the land possession relation, can be regarded as the first stage in which due-collection right and land property right coexisted in harmonious conflicts. As a result, a new system of land allocation on the basis of Ch?ky?l(田結), that is Stipend Land Law(田柴科, Ch?nsikwa), emerged.
李景植(Lee Kyoung-Sik) 역사교육연구회 2002 歷史敎育 Vol.82 No.-
In Silla, farmers" land was distributed as Ch?ngj?n(丁田) according to the corvee duty on head of household which was divided in 9 grades. Ch?ngj?n was the land allocated to the Ch?ng(丁, able bodied adult) whose corvee was exacted. It was distributed on households of the upper level farmers. The ratio was 1 Ch?ng per 17~18 ky?l(結). Ch?ngj?n system was intended to implement the uniformity and comprehensiveness of tax policy by linking corvee to the land. It could stabilize farmers" property right on land and hold in check the threatening extension of land merge by the people of power and wealth. Farmers without land or poor farmers mobilized for state or provincial district project of reclamation and opening up new area under cultivation could become self-sustaining, Ch?ngj?n farmers with corvee duty through Tunj?n(屯田, allocated land for official provision) style farming land development and Ch?ngj?n(井田, well field system)/Kyunj?n(均田, equal land system) style land allocation. In this case, allocated land per Ch?ng was about 2 ky?l. Thus, it can be said that Ch?ngj?n system could be administered at the stage of implementing land centered corvee system by way of Ky?lbu(結負) system and Ch?ngj?n system, that is, at the stage of establishing king"s governing principle of caring for people. It seems that not only Silla, but also Kogury?(高句麗) and Paekche(百濟) carried out similar system. Ch?ngj?n devised at the stage of such social structure for this purpose could not be allocated after the break out of the Unification War of the Three Kingdoms and during the period of the post war restoration and reorganization after unification by Silla. Ch?ngj?n allocation could be resumed at 772 A.D., 45-6 years after ousting of Tang military force and during the rule of King S?ngd?k who reorganized an pacified the state system, society, and culture. It continued during the Kory? dynasty. The Great Empire, Parhae(渤海) which took over land, people, culture, and social system of Kokury? also implemented the similar system.
이경식(Kyoung-Sik, Lee),김상균(Sang-Kyun, Kim) 한국방송·미디어공학회 2019 한국방송공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.6
4 차 산업혁명과 더불어 1 인 미디어 시대를 맞아 개인의 미디어 컨텐츠 제작과 소비가 간편해졌다. 이에, 유튜브, 트위치 등의 플랫폼을 통해 엄청난 양의 미디어 컨텐츠가 생성·소비되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 미디어 컨텐츠의 저작권에 대한 분쟁이 뜨겁다. 특히, 뮤직(음원)컨텐츠의 경우, 동영상을 비롯한 거의 모든 컨텐츠의 제작에 있어 없어서는 안 될 요소로 자리 잡고 있기 때문에 뮤직 컨텐츠와 관련된 저작권 분쟁은 더욱 치열하다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 뮤직 컨텐츠에 대한 저작권 분쟁을 블록체인을 적용하여 해결할 수 있는 방안을 제안한다.