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황상수,정상미,이경보 대한신경치료학회 2016 신경치료 Vol.20 No.1
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pulmonary function through intermittent positive pressure ventilator(IPPV) exercises in the patients with spinal cord injury. Methods In order to demonstrate the effect of the study that IPPV group(n=13) and pursed lips breathing(PLB) group(n =11) and general physical therapy(GPT) group(n=9) were randomly assigned to proceed with the study. Measurements of pulmonary function were used CadioTouch3000S(BIONET). The participants were assessed before and after the intervention conducted for 8-weeks. Results The results of this study were as follows. In the forced vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume 1 second(FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow(PEF), IPPV group showed a significant difference pre- and post-training(p<.05). In the FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, PLB group showed a did not significant difference pre and post-training(p>.05). In the PEF, GPT group showed a significant difference(p <.05), but in the FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC showed a did not significant difference pre- and post-training(p>.05). Conclusion In conclusion of this study, cervical spinal cord injury patients who performed breathing exercise through IPPV showed effective results to improve pulmonary functions.
PNF 패턴을 결합한 협응적 이동 훈련이 척수손상환자의 보행에 미치는 효과
황상수,맹관철,김진인,정창욱,Hwang, Sang-Su,Maeng, Gwan-Cheol,Kim, Jin-In,Jung, Chang-Wook 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2016 PNF and Movement Vol.14 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove the effects of coordinative locomotion training (CLT) on walking speed, walking endurance, and balance for incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Methods: Ten subjects were randomly assigned to the CLT group (n = 5) and the treadmill (TM) group (n = 5). The CLT group performed PNF pattern exercise using the motions of the sprinter and skater for 30 minutes, while the TM group performed using a treadmill for 30 minutes. Both groups performed these therapeutic interventions for five days per week, for a period of four weeks. A 10 meter walking test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and 6 meter walking test were used for the assessment of gait speed, balance, and gait endurance. The SPSS Ver. 18.0 statistical program was used for data processing. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for the comparison of pre- and post-intervention performance and a Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between the groups. The significance level for the statistical inspection was set at 0.05. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in the 10 meter walking test, Berg Balance Scale, and 6 meter walking test (P < 0.05). Conclusion: CLT had an effect on the improvement of walking speed, walking endurance, and the balance of incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Thus, we suggest that CLT is a therapeutic intervention for incomplete spinal cord injury patients.
Cost-Effective Single Switch Multi-Channel LED Driver
황상수,황원선,한상규 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.2
In this paper, a cost-effective single switch multi-channel LED (light emitting diode) driver is proposed. While conventional LED drivers require as many non-isolated DC/DC converters as the number of LED channels, the proposed LED driver needs only one power switch and several balancing capacitors instead of expensive non-isolated DC/DC converters. Therefore, the proposed driver features a simpler structure, with a lower cost and a higher efficiency. Because its power switch can be turned off under the zero current switching condition, it has very desirable advantages such as improved electromagnetic interference characteristics and high efficiency. Moreover, it uses only a small number of DC blocking capacitors with no additional active devices for the current balancing of multi-channel LEDs. As a result, the proposed driver exhibits high reliability and is cost effective. To confirm the validity of the proposed driver, a theoretical analysis is performed, and design considerations and experimental results obtained from a prototype that is applicable to a 46” LED-TV are presented.
차량 Full 모델을 고려한 Air Suspension System HILS 개발
한상수(Sangsoo Han),황윤권(Yoonkwon Hwang),남광수(Kwangsoo Nam) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11
전통적인 HILS(Hardware-In-the-Loop-Simulation)는 주로 항공우주분야 또는 대형구조물과 같이 전체 시스템을 대상으로 하는 시험이 매우 제약적이고 큰 비용을 요하는 경우나 예측하기 힘든 환경변화로 위험이 수반되는 경우, 이 시스템을 구성하는 핵심 단위부품만을 실물로 선정하고 시뮬레이션 모델로 구성된 나머지 전체 시스템과의 인터페이스 환경을 구축함으로써 선정된 핵심 부품이 전체 시스템에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 용도로 활용되어 왔다. 최근에는 자동차 분야에서도 전장부품이 차지하는 비중과 다양성이 높아지고 신규 차종 개발 시 개발 속도가 가속화되는 추세를 보임에 따라 이러한 HILS 기법이 조향, 제동, 현가 등 차량 샤시를 구성하는 제품 개발 과정에도 적극적으로 도입되고 있다. 본 논문은 고급차종을 중심으로 적용영역이 점차 확대되고 있는 4C(corner) 에어서스펜션 시스템의 성능예측, 분석 및 평가를 목적으로 개발된 1/4 car HILS 시스템에 대해 소개하고, 실차 시험결과 및 K&C(Kinematic and Compliance) 해석을 통한 전체 차량모델링 과정에 대해 기술하였다. 또한 몇 가지 대표적 주행 환경에 대해 개발된 HILS 시스템의 시험 결과와 분석 내용을 기술하였다.
Cu(Mg) 박막의 Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown 특성 평가
안정욱,황상수,박영배,주영창 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.2
Electrical properties and time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) characteristics of Cu (0.7 at.% Mg) alloy films are investigated to improve the reliability of Cu interconnects used in microelectronic devices. After Cu(Mg) films are annealed in vacuum at 400℃ for 30 min, resistivity decreases from 3.4 to 2.0 μΩcm and, thin and continuous MgO layers form both on Cu(Mg) film surface and on Cu(Mg)/SiO₂ interface. Metal-Oxide-Silicon (MOS) capacitors composed of Cu(Mg) film deposited on thermal oxide grown on Si wafer are subjected to bias temperature stressing at 180 through 220℃ under electric fields of 1.5 through 2.6 MV/cm. Median time to failure (MTTF) and activation energy of Cu(Mg)/SiO₂ are much larger than those of pure Cu/SiO₂. Cu drifts into dielectric are inhibited by the continuous Mg oxide formed at Cu(Mg)/SiO₂ interface which improve interfacial adhesion and finally lead to better interconnect reliabilities. (Received October 29, 2004)