폐 LCD 재활용 기술 현황과 전망

홍현선,이희민,공만식,강홍윤 한국자원공학회 2010 한국자원공학회지 Vol.47 No.5

Nowadays, production and demand of high performance electronic display devices have increased quite rapidly owing to ever-increasing market size and consequent developments in the related technologies, which are typical of current era of advanced information technology. In view of relatively short life cycle of the display devices, quantity of their wastes is also expected to markedly increase. However, present domestic status of statistical data on waste display devices leaves much to be desired although nearly 2~3 million wastes are expected per annum after year of 2010, based on current domestic production level of the devices. Unless end-of-life display devices are disposed properly, they are quite hazardous and detrimental to human society and environment: More importantly, valuable rare metal and rare earth resources could be lost. Due to lack of domestic Korean infrastructure for efficient recycling: of waste display devices, most of the wastes are incinerated except d ramechanically detachable parts such as plastic case and metal frame, which is deplorable Korea as a renowned supplier possessing most advanced technologies related to display devices. Therefore, environment-friendly and efficient recycling technology for LCD panel and backlight unit is to be developed intensively, especially in the fields of physical separation of parts, selective segregation of desired rare metal and rare earth elements of value, and acid leaching to meet WEEE (waste electrical and electronic equipment) directives imposed by EU since 2003, which is deemed most essential for Korean competitive potential and related national strategy. 현재 사용 후 LCD 제품과 관련하여 발생하는 폐기물에 대한 체계적인 통계는 전무하나 국내 생산량 및 수입량, 사용 내구연한 등을 고려했을 때 2014년 이후에 약 200만대 이상의 폐 LCD 디스플레이 장치가 발생할 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 또한 고도 디스플레이장치에 대한 급속한 수요 증대와 관련 기술의 발달로 전자 디스플레이의 생산과 수요는 급속히 증가하고 있으며 이의 폐기물량도 향후 급증할 것으로 예측되고 있다. 수명이 다한 LCD 제품을 재활용하지 않고 소각 또는 매립 등 폐기하는 경우 환경에 부담이 되고 인체에 유해할 뿐만 아니라 귀중한 희소 금속 및 유가 자원을 유실하는 문제에 봉착할 수 있다. 우리나라는 디스플레이에 대하여 선진 기술을 보유하고 있음에도 불구하고 재활용 인프라 미비로 인해서 케이스와 프레임 등의 일부 부품의 기초적인 재활용을 제외하고는 전량 소각 처리하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 경제성을 확보할 수 있는 다량의 플라스틱, 금속 재활용 공정 최적화가 필요하며, 소량 함유되어 있으나 고가의 희소금속 자원을 함유하고 있는 액정 패널 및 백라이트 유닛의 효과적 처리 및 재활용을 환경 친화적이고 효율적으로 수행하는데 필요한 기술 개발이 필요하다. 이를 통한 유럽 연합의 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) 재사용 및 재활용의 준수는 국가 전략적으로도 매우 중요하고, 국가 경쟁력의 제고에 이바지할 수 있다.

양자점 (Quantum dot) 기술의 현재와 미래

홍현선,박경수,이찬기,김범성,강이승,진연호,Hong, H.S.,Park, K.S.,Lee, C.G.,Kim, B.S.,Kang, L.S.,Jin, Y.H. 한국분말야금학회 2012 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.19 No.6

Nowadays, research and development on quantum dot have been intensively and comprehensively pursued worldwide in proportion to concurrent breakthrough in the field of nanotechnology. At present, quantum dot technology forms the main interdisciplinary basis of energy, biological and photoelectric devices. More specifically, quantum dot semiconductor is quite noteworthy for its sub-micro size and possibility of photonic frequency modulation capability by controlling its size, which has not been possible with conventionally fabricated bulk or thin film devices. This could lead to realization of novel high performance devices. To further understand related background knowledge of semiconductor quantum dot at somewhat extensive level, a review paper is presently drafted to introduce basics of (semiconductor) quantum dot, its properties, applications, and present and future market trend and prospect.

커피 추출 폐기물 재활용 현황과 기술 동향 분석

홍현선,김율이,오민주,이유미,이혜지,차은서 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.35 No.7

The coffee grounds generated during the coffee extraction process contain several resources, but the technology for their recycling has not been commercialized yet, causing various environmental problems. Due to the recent increase in coffee consumption worldwide, the amount of coffee grounds produced has been continuously increasing, reaching more than 750 million tons. In Korea, about 120,000 tons of coffee waste are annually generated; however, most of them are landfilled or incinerated. Although there is still a shortage of coffee waste recycling technologies compared to the amount of coffee grounds produced, various recycling approaches are being actuated in many countries including Korea. In this study, the generation of coffee grounds at home and abroad, the status of coffee grounds recycling, and the associated technology development trends were investigated. The coffee grounds recycling has been studied in the fields of energy, adsorbent, construction, agriculture, and bio-foods. Research is most active in the energy and biotechnology areas; in particular, since the oil in the coffee grounds is valuable as a feedstock for biomass energy, the technology related to energy recovery is currently under development worldwide. Removed because confusing and unnecessary.

알루미나 제조 공정 산출물 레드머드의 재활용 현황과 기술개발 동향 분석

홍현선,김예린,조현정,김대원,김대웅,김형준,김용,김성표,Hong, Hyun-Seon,Kim, Ye-lin,Cho, Hyun-Jung,Kim, Dae-Weon,Kim, Dae-woong,Kim, Hyeong-Jun,Kim, Yong,Kim, Sung-pyo 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2017 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.26 No.5

알루미나 제조공정 부산물인 레드머드는 여러 가지 유용한 자원을 포함하고 있음에도 불구하고 아직까지 재활용되지 않고 있어 환경문제를 야기하고 있다. 현재 우리나라에서 레드머드가 매년 약 20만 톤 이상을 생산하고 있으며 대부분이 야적되고 있는 실정이다. 글로벌하게 보면 최근 중국의 알루미나 생산량이 증가함에 따라 전 세계에서 발생하는 레드머드의 양은 1억 톤 이상으로 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 레드머드의 재활용 기술은 우리나라를 비롯한 많은 국가에서도 개발되고 있지만, 재활용 및 처리 기술은 여전히 레드머드의 생산증가 속도에 비해 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 레드머드와 관련된 특허, 논문, 기술보고서를 내용별 연도별로 분석하였다. 또한 국내 산출 레드머드의 물성 분석을 통해 기초 소재특성 자료를 제공하였고 국내외 레드머드 재활용의 실용화 추진 사례를 분석하여 실용화 기술 개발 가능성을 제시하였다. 특히 레드머드에서 희토류를 회수하는 기술, 환경오염 방지제 기술 등은 수요가 높고 경제적 가치가 높기 때문에 전 세계적으로 개발되고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 이처럼 본 연구에서 도출된 레드머드의 기술개발 사례 등의 자료는 향후 고부가가치의 실용적 연구 및 기술 개발에 기여할 것으로 판단된다. Red mud generated in the alumina manufacturing process contains various valuable resources, but it is not comprehensively recycled yet causing severe environmental problems. In Korea, red mud is producing about 200,000 tons annually and most of them are landfilled or disposed. Red mud's recycling technology is also being developed in many countries, but red mud's recycling technologies are still lacking compared to the production rate. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics and the amount of red mud, and the current status and technology development trend. Red mud has shown that recycling studies are being carried out in fields such as construction, recycling, metal recovery, adsorbent, and pollution stabilization. In particular, technologies for recovering rare earths have been developed as worldwide because of their high economic value. The data analyzed in this study will be used as basic data for the further development of technologies in the future.

수소 에너지 저장기술 및 개발 동향

홍현선,이경섭,강계명 한국가스학회 2003 가스산업과 기술 Vol.6 No.1

액상환원공정을 이용한 나노 코발트 분말의 합성

홍현선,고영대,강이승,김건홍,정항철,Hong, Hyun-Seon,Ko, Young-Dae,Kang, Lee-Seung,Kim, Geon-Hong,Jung, Hang-Chul 한국분말야금학회 2011 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.18 No.3

Spherical nanosized cobalt powder with an average size of 150-400 nm was successfully prepared at room temperature from cobalt sulfate heptahydrate ($CoSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$). Wet chemical reduction method was adopted to synthesize nano cobalt powder and hypophosphorous acid ($H_3PO_2$) was used as reduction agent. Both the HCP and the FCC Co phase were developed while $CoSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ concentration ranged from 0.7 M to 1.1 M. Secondary phase such as $Co(OH)_2$ and $CO_3O_4$ were also observed. Peaks for the crystalline Co phase having HCP and FCC structure crystallized as increasing the concentration of $H_3PO_2$, indicating that the amount of reduction agent was enough to reduce $Co(OH)_2$. Consequently, a homogeneous Co phase could be developed without second phase when the $H_3PO_2/CoSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ ratio exceeded 7.

특별세션 2 : E-waste 자원순환 제도 및 기술 동향 ; 폐 디스플레이 토탈 리사이클링 기술

홍현선 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2013 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2013 No.4

폐(廢)스마트 유리제품(琉璃製品) 재활용(再活用) 현황(現況)과 기술(技術) 전망(展望)

홍현선,조봉규,Hong, Hyun Seon,Cho, Bong-Gyoo 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2013 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.22 No.4

유리소재는 금속과는 다른 세라믹의 특성 때문에 오랜 기간 인류가 지속적으로 사용한 소재로서, 현대에 산업이 고도화되면서 유리소재도 고도화되어 스마트 유리가 개발되어 사용되고 있다. 스마트 유리는 주로 디스플레이, 반도체 등에서 사용되고 있는 고기능성 첨단유리 제품으로, 사용 후 유리 발생량이 계속 증가하고 있는 추세이며 2012년의 경우 적어도 60,000톤 이상의 폐기물이 발생한 것으로 추정된다. 본 고에서는 국내 스마트 유리산업 및 재활용 현황을 살펴보고, 국내의 재활용기술과 향후 전망에 대해 요약 소개하고자 한다. Glass materials possess unique functional characteristics of ceramics different from those of metals, which has marked glass as one of the mainstay materials in the history of mankind. Nowadays, industrial sophistication necessitates comparable "smart" attributes of glass materials as a significantly advanced form of sophistication. Smart glasses are increasingly applied in many state-of-the-art digital appliances such as displays and semiconductors and waste is also expected to accumulate therefrom in the near future: More than 60,000 tons of smart glass wastes were reported as of 2012, for example. In the present paper, current status of domestic Korean smart glass industry and related recycling enterprise have been comprehensively investigated. Finally, Korean domestic smart glass recycling technology and its future prospect are also briefly presented.

MoO₃ 침출공정 폐액으로부터 동분말의 회수기술

홍현선,정항철,김건홍,공만식,Hong, Hyun-Seon,Jung, Hang-Chul,Kim, Geun-Hong,Kong, Man-Sik 한국분말야금학회 2009 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.16 No.5

A two-step recovery method was developed to produce copper powders from copper chloride waste solution as byproducts of MoO$_3$ leaching process. The first step consisted of replacing noble copper ions with external Fe$^{3+}$ ions which were formed by dissolving iron scraps in the copper chloride waste solution. The replaced copper ions were subsequently precipitated as copper powders. The second step was cementation of entire solution mixture to separate (pure) copper powders from aqueous solution of iron chloride. Cementation process variables of temperature, time, and added amount of iron scraps were optimized by using design of experiment method and individual effects on yield and efficiency of copper powder recovery were investigated. Copper powders thus obtained from cementation process were further characterized using various analytical tools such as XRD, SEM-EDS and laser diffraction and scattering methods.Cementation process necessitated further purification of recovered copper powders and centrifugal separation method was employed, which successfully yielded copper powders of more than 99% purity and average 1$\sim$2$\mu$m in size.

광 기록 저장 장치를 위한 새로운 패리티 보존형 런-길이 제한 코드

홍현선,이재진,Hong, Hyun-Sun,Lee, Jae-Jin 한국통신학회 2004 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.29 No.1C

본 논문에서는 광 기록 저장 시스템을 위한, 천이가 발생되는 최소 및 최대 런-길이 조건이 각각 2와 7이고 RMTR(repeated minimum transition run)을 4로 제한하는 새로운 패리티 보존형 런-길이 제한 (parity preserving run-length limited) 코드를 제안한다. 제안된 코드는 차세대 광 기록 시스템으로 주목받고 있는 (1,7) PP 코드나 현재 저장 시스템에 적용되고 있는 (2,10) 코드에 비해 밀도율과 RMTR, DC 성분 억제, 비트 에러율(BER), 시스템 복잡도 등의 측면에서 더 나은 성능을 보인다 . 본 논문은 몇 가지 모의실험을 통해 제안된 코드의 특성을 설명하고, 앞에서 언급된 코드와 비교하여 성능의 우위를 예시하였다. We propose a new RLL(run length limited) (2,7) PP(parity preserving) code with 4 RMTR(repeated minimum transition run) for optical recording. The proposed code has better characteristics in terms of density ratio, RMTR, DC(direct current) component suppression, BER(bit error rate) and system complexity than (2,1O) code that currently applied in storage systems and (1,7) PP code that highly recommended as the next generation optical recording system. Some characteristics of the code are described with several simulations. And the proposed code's superiorites in performance is illustrated as compared with the other codes.