초등학교 고학년에서 간식 선호도, 간식구매행동, 간식섭취와의 관련성

허은실(Eun Sil Her) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.5

This study was conducted to examine the interrelations among snack preference, purchasing behavior and intake of fifth and sixth grade students in elementary schools in Gyeongnam province. Frequency of snack intake was the highest in those who reported ‘once a day’ (45.6%) snack habit. Longer-time television viewers also showed higher frequency of snack intake than shorter-time viewers. Thirty-three percent of students purchased snacks by themselves and the frequency of snack purchasing had a significant positive relationship with TV watching time (p < 0.01). The main reason, place and time of eating snacks were ‘hunger’ (79.2%), their home environment (50.9%) and ‘after school hours’ (89.7%). The favorite snack was ‘ice cream’ and, this snack habit was significantly different by gender of the child (p < 0.01) and TV watching time (p < 0.01). ‘Milk and dairy products’ scored highest (3.47) in snack intake frequency among longer-time TV viewers (> 2hr) compared to shorter-time TV viewers and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The snack preference score was correlated positively (r = 0.454) with the intake frequency for snack and its explanation power (R2) was 20.5%. With regard to snack purchase behaviors, the scores of ‘checking the expiration date’ and ‘comparing the price with similar products’ were high (in what group?). Female students (p < 0.001) and shorter-time TV viewers (< 2hr) (p < 0.01) had a more reasonable purchasing behavior. The total score of preference was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in shorter-timeTV viewers (< 2hr). In the correlation between snack purchasing behaviors and intake frequency, attractiveness (r = 0.208, p < 0.001) and preference (r = 0.330, p < 0.001) showed significant positive correlations. The result of regression analysis, preference only was selected (R2= 0.108). (Korean J Community Nutr 18(5) : 429~441, 2013)

20대 성인에서 성별에 따른 항노화에 대한 관심도 및 건강증진행위 수행도 및 항노화서비스의 필요성 비교

허은실,Her, Eun-Sil 한국산업융합학회 2021 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.24 No.1

This aim of this study examined the relationship among the interest in anti-aging, health promotion behaviors and the need for anti-aging services by their 20s. Survey was conducted among adults from their 20s in the Changwon City. 228 responses were used for analysis. The overall average score of the interest and effort of anti-aging were 2.97 point and 2.62 point (out of 5), respectively. And those were both higher in female than men (p<0.01~p<0.001). The overall average score of need for anti-aging service was 3.50 point(total score is 5). In The demand for each area of anti-aging service were ≥3.5 point in all 5 areas, and stress management (4.00 point) was the highest, while the beauty management (3.60 point) was the lowest. There were significant differences in all five areas by sex (p<0.01~p<0.001). The overall score of the performance of health promotion behaviors was 2.44 point(total score is 4), and the interpersonal relationship score (2.85 point) was the highest, while the health responsibility score (2.08 point) was the lowest. The interest in anti-aging and performance of health promotion behaviors showed positive relationship to anti-aging services, and their explanation powers were 34.6% (p<0.001). The results of this study suggest be used as data to establish strategies revitalizing various anti-aging service in the twenties.

일부 중국 유학생에서 한국문화적응 스트레스와 한국전통음식에 대한 인지도, 선호도 및 섭취 빈도와의 관련성

허은실 ( Eun Sil Her ),박혜진 ( Hye Jin Park ) 한국식품영양학회 2013 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구는 중국인 유학생을 대상으로 한국문화적응 스트레스와 한국전통음식에 대한 인지도, 선호도 및 섭취 빈도와의 관련성 여부를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였고, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 한국생활이 즐겁다는 비율은 28.9%이었고, 만족한다는 비율은 23.7%이었다. 그리고 전체의 24.1%가 한국에서 살고 싶은 의향이 있다고 하였다. 한국문화적응 스트레스의 평균은 3.06±0.32점으로 비교적 높게 나타났고, 하위영역에서는 ‘향수병’이 3.92±0.62점으로 가장 높았으며, 죄책감은 2.28±1.04점으로 가장 낮았다. 한국음식을 선호하는 비율은 20.5%로 낮게 나타났고, 한국음식 섭취 빈도는 ‘하루에 1번 이상’ 먹는다는 비율이 39.1%를 보였다. 한국음식을 주로 먹는 장소로는 ‘음식점’(49.6%)과 ‘학교식당’(41.1%)으로 나타났다. 한국음식을 만들어 본 경험이 있는 학생은 48.7%이었고, 한국 음식을 배울 의향이 있는 학생은 26.1%이었다. 만들어 본 한국음식으로는 ‘불고기’(26.7%)와 ‘비빔밥’(21.9%)이 높게 나타났다. 한국전통음식의 인지도 평균은 0.70±0.27이었고, 가장 높은 인지율을 보인 항목으로는 ‘건강에 좋음’(67.9%)이었고, 가장 낮은 항목은 ‘가격이 저렴’(19.0%)이었다. 한국전통 음식 선호도 총점 평균은 3.14점/5점이었고, ‘갈비’(3.68점/5점), ‘갈비탕’(3.56점/5점)의 점수가 비교적 높았던 반면, ‘깍두기’(2.78점/5점)가 가장 낮았다. 한국전통음식의 섭취 빈도 총점 평균은 2.15점/5점이었고, ‘배추김치’(2.85점), ‘비빔밥’(2.66점)의 점수는 비교적 높았던 반면, ‘수정과’(1.67점), ‘식혜’(1.69점)의 점수는 낮았다. 한국전통음식의 선호도와 섭취 빈도의 상관계수(r)는 0.274(p<0.001)로 양의 상관관계를 보였고, 남학생보다 여학생에서 더 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 음식 종류별로 보면 ‘떡볶이’(r=0.470)에서 가장 높은 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, ‘송편’(r=0.216)은 가장 낮은 양의 상관관계를 나타 내었다. 한국전통음식의 인지도와 섭취 빈도 간에는 상관계수가 0.175(p<0.05)이었다. 한국문화적응 스트레스는 한국전통음식의 인지도와 선호도, 섭취 빈도와 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 인지도와 선호도가 섭취 빈도에 미치는 영향력(R2)은 0.098(F=10.366, p<0.001)이었다. 본 연구는 소수의 유학생을 대상으로 한 횡단면적 연구라는 제한점이 있기는 하지만, 한국문화적응 스트레스가 한국 전통음식의 인지도, 선호도와 섭취 빈도와 관련이 없었던 반면, 한국전통음식의 인지도와 선호도가 섭취 빈도에 영향을 미치는 결과를 얻었는데, 이에 대한 좀 더 심도 깊은 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다. 그리고 한국음식의 세계화를 위하여 중국인 유학생들의 흥미와 요구에 맞는 다양한 전통음식 체험 프로그램과 한국문화를 이해할 수 있는 기회의 제공이 필요하다고 하겠다. This study investigated the interrelations among acculturative stress, recognition, preference and eating frequency of Korean traditional food by Chinese students in Korea. The acculturative stress score was 3.06±0.32, ‘homesickness’ score was the highest (3.92±0.62) and ‘guiltscore’ score was the lowest (2.28±1.04). The rate of preferred for Korean food was low (20.5%). The places for eating Korean food were ‘restaurant’ (49.6%) and ‘school cafeteria’ (41.1%). The cooking experience regarding Korean food was 45.0% and they had cooked ‘Bulgogi’ (26.7%) and ‘Bibimbap’ (21.9%). The recognition score for Korean traditional food was 0.70±0.27. The preference score for Korean traditional food was 3.14±0.54, and the favorite foods were ‘Galbi’ and ‘Galbitang’ while ‘Ggakdugi’ was the lowest. The eating frequency for Korean traditional food was 2.15±0.82, and ‘Baechukimchi’ and ‘Bibimbap’ were comparatively high. The acculturative stress showed no correlation with the recognition, preference and eating frequency of Korean traditional food. The recognition of Korean traditional food correlated positively with the eating frequency (r=0.175, p<0.05). The preference of Korean traditional food had a significant effect on eating frequency (r=0.274, p<0.001), and the highest positive correlation was shown in ‘Ddeokbokki’ (r=0.470). The explanation power (R2) of recognition and preference on eating frequency was 0.098. This study showed the interrelations among recognition, preference, and eating frequency of Korean traditional food except for acculturative stress.

마산시 소재 유아교육기관 교사의 식생활 교육 실태와 교육 요구도 분석

허은실 ( Eun Sil Her ),정소혜 ( So Hye Jung ) 韓國食品營養學會 2009 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

This study was performed to develop dietary education programs for children, by researching the actual conditions of dietary education and its demand aimed at teachers in child centers in Masan. Most of the interviewed teachers were in their 20s(71%) with under 5 years teaching experiences(56.8%), and working in a kindergarten environment(34.9%). The rate of doing dietary education on mealtime was 96.4%. The main items taught pertained to `not leaving food(20.6%)` and `washing hands before meals(20.5%)`. The primary teaching method for students with unbalanced eating habits was `eating after teaching them to understood(76.8%)`. The primary reward for good behavior was `using food(76.8%)`, usually as `candy`(50.8%) or `cookies`(25.8%). The desirable dietary education type was `during spare moments(52.6%)` and `at mealtime(23.5%)`. The concepts taught were `balanced eating(23.2%)` and `food hygiene(21.2%)`, and the students were interested in `the roles of foods and nutrients`(34.5%), `balanced eating(20.9%)`, and `food hygiene(19.1%)`. Educational activities encompassed `pictures and drawing(25.7%)`, `fairy tales(23.4%)`, `songs(19.4%)`, and `play(14.1%)`. Also, the activities of most interest were `fairy tales(29.4%)`, `play(24.4%)`, and then `songs(23.1%)`. The greatest difficulties during dietary education were `attracting interest from the children(37.8%)` and `making and purchasing materials(33.9%)`. Approximately, 44.2% of the teachers had experiences in dietary education, and 96.4% stated teachers had the intention to participate in dietary education. They want to address `child meal direction(23.0%)`, `health problems(22.7%)`, and then `child nutrient requirements(17.3%)`. Also the majority wanted it two times per year(57.6%) or one time per year(30.9%). This study indicated that proper dietary education must be established in child centers by developing various practical dietary education programs and then implementing them.

중년 남성의 지방 에너지비에 따른 대사증후군 위험도 비교 - 2012~2013년 국민건강영양조사 자료 이용 -

허은실,Her, Eun-Sil 한국식품영양학회 2016 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.29 No.6

This study aimed to compare energy nutrient intake, health related factors, physical characteristics, blood biochemical indices, prevalence of metabolic syndrome and odds ratio (OR) of metabolic syndrome based on dietary fat energy ratio. Subjects were 1,205 men aged 40~64 years. The average fat intake was 52.8 g. Subjects were divided into three groups (deficient, normal, excess) based on dietary fat energy ratio. The dietary fat energy rations of the three groups were 36.9%, 42.9% and 20.2%, respectively. Energy and protein intake were increased significantly with dietary fat energy ratio (p<0.001), whereas carbohydrate intake decreased (p<0.001). In health related factors, amount of smoking alone showed increase based on dietary fat energy ratio (p<0.001). In comparing physical characteristics, blood pressure and blood biochemical indices, excepting diastolic blood pressure, increased significantly based on dietary fat energy ratio (p<0.01~p<0.001). The rate that exceeded criteria in risk factors for metabolic syndrome was higher in the serum triglyceride (41.2%) and was lower in the waist circumference (22.2%). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 37.9%, and showed significant correlation to dietary fat energy ratio (p<0.05). The OR of metabolic syndrome was higher in deficient and excess group than in normal group, but it had no relationship between fat energy ratio and metabolic syndrome. The results of this study provide basic data to establish fat intake guidelines for prevention of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men.

생애주기에 따른 식사의 질이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 - 2013년~2016년 국민건강영양조사 자료이용 -

허은실,서보영,Her, Eun-Sil,Seo, Bo-Young 한국식품영양학회 2021 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in the quality of dietary and life across age groups of Korean adults. According to life cycle, four age groups (20~29, 30~49, 50~64, ≥65) were created. Anthropometric indices showed significant differences according to age group (p<0.001). Energy intake significantly decreased according to age group as a result of decreased protein and fat intake (p<0.001). The intake levels of minerals, vitamins, and dietary fiber per 1,000 kcal were the lowest in the 20~29 age group (p<0.001). Whereas saturated fatty acids, MUFA, and PUFA intake levels were the highest for those in the 20~29 age group (p<0.001). The quality of dietary (DQI-I) increased with age group, but the quality of life (EQ-5D index) decreased (p<0.001). The quality of dietary showed 5.8% explanation power on the quality of life (p<0.001). Additionally, diet moderation was shown as having a negative effect, but the diversity and balance of diets had a positive effect on the quality of life. By age group, the relationship between quality of dietary and quality of life was the highest in ≥65 age group. These results suggest that practical dietary education is needed from the 20's to ensure the quality of healthy life for the elderly.

중년남성의 직업에 따른 영양섭취실태와 건강지표의 비교 - 2013년~2016년 국민건강영양조사 자료 이용 -

허은실,Her, Eun-Sil 한국식품영양학회 2019 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

The objective of this study was to compare nutrients intake, health indices, and prevalence of chronic diseases by occupation in middle-aged men, using results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were divided into two groups by their occupation (Office worker (OW) and Agri-fishery worker (AFW)) and their percentages were 75.5% and 24.5% respectively. In health-related factors, drinking rate was higher in OW (p<0.001), while smoking rate was higher in AFW (p<0.001). Walking and strength exercise were both higher in OW group. In dietary behavior, the rate of skipping breakfast and eating out was higher in OW (p<0.001). Food supplement usage were consumed by OW more than AFW (p<0.001). Daily energy intake was higher in AFW (p<0.05). There were significant differences in nutrient density per 1,000 kcal of minerals and vitamins between the two groups (p<0.05~p<0.001), except calcium, potassium, vitamin A and thiamin. In body weight, BMI, waist circumference and blood pressures, OW was higher than AFW (p<0.05~p<0.001). Whereas, HDL and LDL-cholesterol were higher in AFW (p<0.001). The prevalence of diabetes was higher in AFW (p<0.001). The results of this study can be used as data to establish nutrition and health strategies for occupation in middle-aged men.

중년남성에서 밀가루음식 섭취빈도에 따른 영양소 섭취와 건강지표 - 제6기(2013~2015년) 국민건강영양조사 자료 이용 -

허은실,Her, Eun-Sil 한국식품영양학회 2018 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.31 No.6

The purpose of this study was to compare nutrients intake, eating behavior, and health indices according to intake frequency of wheat-based foods, using results from the 2013~2015 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Subjects were 882 men age 40~64. According to intake frequency of wheat-based foods per week, two groups (Low intake group (LG); less than four times, High intake group (HG); more than four times) were divided, and their percentages were 54.0% and 46.0% respectively. Frequency of consuming wheat-based foods per week was 4.80, and there was significant difference (p<0.001) in both groups. Intake frequency according to wheat-based foods was high in noodles, cookies, and breads. Daily energy intake was higher, approximately 630 kcal in HG than LG (p<0.001). Also, energy ratio of fat and protein was higher in HG. There were significant differences in nutrient density per 1,000 kcal of minerals and vitamins between the two groups (p<0.01, p<0.001), except calcium, phosphorus, and niacin. In dietary behavior, frequency of meals (daily) was significant. In total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of health indices, HG was higher than LG (p<0.01). Results of this study reveal that frequent intake of wheat-based foods has negative effect on nutrition and health.

초등학교 고학년에서 비만도와 간식 준비 방법에 따른 대인관계와 간식 선호도 및 섭취 빈도의 관련성

허은실,Her, Eun Sil 한국식품영양학회 2015 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of interpersonal relationships with snack preference and the intake frequency of snacks with a primary focus on obesity index and snack preparations in upper grade (5~6th) elementary school students. A total of 719 students in Gyeongsangnam-do province were recruited and a questionnaire-based survey was conducted. Data were analyzed using the SPSS V18.0. The results were as follows : A total score of interpersonal relationships was 94.5 (full marks 125), and the scores of 7 factors consisting interpersonal relationships were over 3.50(full marks 5.00). Overweight group had the lowest score in interpersonal relationships (p<0.01) and purchase group by oneself had a low score than the other groups in snacks preparation (p<0.001). Most favorite snacks were ice cream. Additionally, the snack purchase group showed higher scores than the cook group by family in 8 types of snack and a total score of preference (p<0.05~p<0.001). Milk and dairy products had the highest score in frequency of snack intake. And purchase group by oneself or family was a higher than cook group by family (p<0.01). Interpersonal relationships showed a positive effect on preference and intake frequency of milk and dairy products but their explanation powers ($R^2$) were very low. The findings of this study provide fundamental information impact factor in snack preference and frequency of snack intake.

초등학교 중학년의 창의적 체험활동을 위한 활동중심의 식생활 교재 및 지침서 개발

허은실(Eun Sil Her) 대한지역사회영양학회 2013 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.18 No.3

This study was conducted to develop a dietary life education textbook and teaching manual for creative activities of elementary school students in middle grade. First, we extracted dietary life related contents from textbooks for third and fourth grade and created systematization of contents involving educational objectives, goals, contents and activities. The development of textbook and teaching manual were based on systematization of contents. The textbook was composed of five major chapters, which were ‘nutrition’, ‘cooking’, ‘environment and hygiene’, ‘food’ and ‘dietary culture’. Each major chapter having six to seven smaller chapters, adding up to a total of 34 smaller chapters. The textbook was in activity format so that can be readily and directly used in actual classes. The textbook had fun characters and various activities (particularly a lot of cooking activities) to deliver the main theme of each chapter. The teaching manual was composed of background, goal, teaching plan and teaching point. The smaller chapters had learning goal, teachinglearning resources, important points, teaching-learning process and reference material. In evaluation after operating the model school, the developed textbooks were suited for students` needs and cognitive level. This textbook can be utilized at creative activities consisting of ten to fifteen students. (Korean J Community Nutr 18(3) : 203~212, 2013)