조선통신사 의학교류 중 일본 의가의 치험 사례 연구 : 『韓客治驗』을 중심으로

함정식 조선통신사학회 2009 조선통신사연구 Vol.9 No.-

중국진출 한국기업의 내부역량과 전략 적합성이 성과에 미치는 영향

함정식,조강필,고명걸,조혜진 대한중국학회 2014 중국학 Vol.47 No.-

This study tries to analyze the relationship between the internal competence and the competitive strategy of Korean corporations in China. And it also tries to find out the effects of suitability of the factors on their business performances. For this purpose, it surveyed 270 Korean corporations in China, and the results of the survey are as follows: First, when the effects of the internal competence on competitive strategy are investigated, it is proved that the technical competence and the marketing competence have a meaningful effect on differentiation strategy of Korean corporations in China. And the manufacturing competence has a meaningful effect on their cost leadership strategy. Secondly, in order to accomplish a high management performance, it is important for them to have suitable internal competence and management strategy. When they have high suitability, it has the biggest influence on their business performances. This results show that it is the most important for Korean corporations to establish a suitable competitive strategy for improving their performances, considering their internal competence.

『答朝鮮醫問』과 한ㆍ중ㆍ일 의학교류 - '의학문답'을 중심으로 -

함정식 조선통신사학회 2018 조선통신사연구 Vol.25 No.-

『桑韓唱和塤箎集』硏究 : 총론 및 의학문답을 중심으로

함정식 조선통신사학회 2011 조선통신사연구 Vol.13 No.-

한국어능력시험 수준 간 안정성에 대한 연구 - 25회∼27회 중급과 고급 읽기 영역을 중심으로 -

함정식,우창현 한국언어문화교육학회 2014 언어와 문화 Vol.10 No.3

This study is aims at clarifying the stability between different levels of TOPIK through the result of analysis of question items on the area of reading of intermediate and advanced level between the 25th – the 27th. The subjects of this study were limited to the answer papers of internal applicants who took the reading test of which the number of items are 30. This paper improved the satisfactory level on the items thorough the analysis of contents, before these were testified with the use of BayesiAn 1.0 program on the basis of IRT(The item response theory). The TIF(test information function) and TCC(function test characteristic curve) are extracted on the ground of IIF (item information function). Further, This study examined the stability between different levels of TOPIK through the results. The analysis showed that the low stability of items on the area of reading of intermediate and advanced level between the 25th – the 27th. was much detected being inferior in quality of exam. The interval stability also, showed that the advanced level was inferior to intermediate one by the use of TCC, that make the advanced level unstable reliability. This paper suggested some alternative improvements on the type of TOPIK forth, the difficulty of items, etc.

여성이 깨끗한 세상을 만듭니다

함정식 열린전북 2002 열린전북 Vol.2002 No.6

Progression of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament after Cervical Total Disc Replacement

함정식,김장훈,윤준호,황성환,윤상훈 대한신경손상학회 2019 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.15 No.2

ObjectiveTotal disc replacement (TDR) is frequently performed anterior approaching method for the patients diagnosed with cervical disc herniation. This study aimed to assess the degree of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) progression after cervical TDR. MethodsTwenty-two male soldiers who underwent cervical TDR surgery from 2009 to 2016 and were followed-up for more than 12 months were enrolled. The enrolled patients were classified as; 1) patients with pre-existing OPLL and without; and 2) patient showing progression of OPLL or not. ResultsTwenty-two men were included in the analysis. The mean follow-up period from the surgery was 41.4 months (range, 12–114 months). The mean age of all patients was 40.7 years (range, 31–52 years). TDR-only was used in 7 cases, and the hybrid surgery (TDR+ACDF) was used in 15 cases. The incidence of progression or newly development of OPLL was significantly higher in pre-existing OPLL group (p=0.01). In 11 cases showing the progression of the OPLL, the mean size of OPLL progression was 4.16 mm (range, 0.34–18.87 mm) in the longitudinal height and 1.57 mm (range, 0.54–3.91 mm) in thickness. ConclusionThe progression of OPLL after cervical TDR was more frequent in patients with pre-existing OPLL than in patients without OPLL. Even though TDR is a major alternative to the treatment of cervical lesions to preserve vertebral segmental motion, careful attention should be paid to whether TDR should be used in patients with OPLL and this should be fully explained to the patient.

노채(勞瘵)와 조선통신사 의학교류 - 의학문답 기록을 중심으로 -

함정식 조선통신사학회 2021 조선통신사연구 Vol.31 No.-

역병 유행 시기에 조선 의가는 조선통신사의 일원으로 에도[江 戶]를 방문하여 의학교류를 통해 전염병 질환, 특히 노채 증상 극 복을 위해 협력했다. 특히 일본 의사는 교류를 하며 노채에 대한 지식도 얻고 그것을 바탕으로 더 나은 대책을 마련할 수 있었다. 일본 역병 분야 발전 과정 중에 조선통신사의 의학교류가 학술 적․임상적 발전에 기여했다고 본다. 의학문답에서 일본 의사는 전염성 질환 노채에 대해 반복적으로 물었다. 노채는 18세기 모든 사행의 의학문답에 한 번도 거르지 않은 주제였으며, 계미사행까 지 관심이 줄지 않았다. 신묘사행 때의 노채에 대한 의학문답은 후대(後代) 사행에서 자주 거론되는 전형이 되었다. 당시 기두문의 설명은 간략했고 기해사행 당시 권도의 답변은 상대적으로 발전된 모습을 보였다. 권도의 답변만으로 온전한 평가를 내리기 어렵지 만, 적어도 기해사행의 의학교류가 신묘사행 교류에 비해 의가의 수준이 향상되고 성숙되어 가는 양상을 보였다. 무진사행 때는 고 방파가 문답에 참여하기 시작했고, 무진사행부터 15년 후인 계미 사행 시기에 일본 의사의 학문적 경향이 다양해졌다. 이때 의학문 답에 참여한 일본 의사는 이전 사행 때의 노채 관련 기록을 적극 활용했다. 가령, 노채 치료에 요코타 준타[橫田準大]가 최씨사화혈 (崔氏四花穴)을 언급했는데, 무진사행 시 언급했던 니와 세이하쿠 [丹羽正伯]의 영향을 받은 것이다. 전대(前代) 사행의 노채 관련 기록이 후대에 어떻게 활용되는지 알려주는 사례다. 한편, 의학문 답에 참여한 인사가 의사 신분이었다고 간주하는 경향이 있다. 의 학문답이기에 참가자는 의원(醫員) 신분이 당연한 것이라 생각할 수 있으나 현전하는 의학문답 기록을 보면 꼭 그런 것도 아니다. 의사가 아닌 일반 문사가 참여한 경우도 많았고 문사들로만 의학 문답이 진행되기도 했지만, 노채 의학문답에 참여한 사람만큼은 예외 없이 의사들이 참가했다. 노채가 의학 관련 주제 중에서도 고도의 전문성이 필요했던 이유라 생각한다. 끝으로, 노채 의학문 답 기록 중 사본 기록에 오류가 보이는데, 『상한필어(桑韓筆語)』에 는 기본적인 이법방약(理法方藥)에서조차 오류가 발견된다. When an infectious disease was raging, Korean doctors as a member of ‘JoseonTongsinsa(朝鮮通信使)’ delegation visited Edo(江戶). Korean and Japanese doctors tried hard to overcome infectious disease through the medical exchange in ‘JoseonTongsinsa’ delegation. In the course of developing the field of contagious disease in Japan, I think the medical exchange between Korean and Japanese doctors as a part of ‘JoseonTongsinsa’ contribute the success of academic and clinical progress in medical field. ‘Nochae(勞瘵)’ is an infectious disease and similar to tuberculosis. Japanese doctors asked Korean doctors lots of questions on ‘Nochae’ in medical exchange in ‘JoseonTongsinsa’ delegation. To state the obvious, they paid attention to the ‘Nochae’ Restricted to the 18th century, ‘Nochae’ disease was the subject it’s never omitted in ‘medical questions and answers’ between Korean and Japanese doctors every ‘JoseonTongsinsa’ dispatch. I assured Japanese steady interest about ‘Nochae’ disease through this research. The attention concerning ‘Nochae’ disease lasted to the end of the delegation. First of all, the ‘medical questions and answers’ on ‘Nochae’ in Sinmyo(辛卯) envoys served as a role model for other envoys. Because Gidoomoon(奇斗文)’s explanation in ‘medical questions and answers’ in SinMyo envoys on ‘Nochae’ was too short, Gwondo(權道)’s answer in Gihae(己亥) envoys was judged more detail and improvement medically than Gidoomoon’s. Gwondo’s answer in Gihae envoys is also fragmentary, therefore, it is difficult to make a full evaluation. But, at least the medical exchange in Gihae envoys more than that in Sinmyo envoys has shown improving medical standard. At that time of Mujin(戊辰) envoys, ‘Gobangpa(古方派)’ tendency doctors began taking part in the medical questions and answers. In Gyemi(癸未) envoys, fifteen years later from Mujin envoys, the academic trends of Japanese doctors have diversified. At this time of Gyemi envoys, Japanese doctors participated in the medical questions and answers actively used the records of medical questions and answers related ‘Nochae’ in previous envoys. For example, Treating the ‘Nochae’ in the medical questions and answers of Gyemi envoys, Dr. YokotaJunta(橫田準大) refer to ‘Chaessisahwahyeol (崔氏四花穴)’ moxibustion treatment. I think these are most clearly reflected in the medical questions and answers mentioned about ‘Chaessisahwahyeol’ moxibustion treatment in Mujin envoys. This is the example that inform us how Japanese doctors should use the records of medical questions and answers related ‘Nochae’ in previous envoys. We tend to think the people who participated in ‘medical questions and answers’ of ‘JoseonTongsinsa’ are only doctors without exception. Because of the questions and answers related medical, we take it for granted that the participant in medical questions and answers are only doctors. Nevertheless, according to the records remaining medical questions and answers in the medical exchange between Korean and Japanese doctors, that’s not necessarily the case. In the case of Japanese participants, there were quite a few cases in which men of letters not doctors participated in the ‘medical questions and answers’ related common disease. On some occasion, the medical questions and answers on general disease was carried out by only men of letters comprised of both Korean and Japan. People who participated in the medical questions and answers on ‘Nochae’ disease was no exception. Only doctors were present in the medical questions and answers on ‘Nochae’ disease. I estimate the subject related ‘Nochae’ disease among medical questions and answers requires a lot of professionality. Lastly, I assured to be a very basic error in the manuscript records of medical questions and answers related ‘Nochae’. Whatever the reason, there are wrong letters in Sanghanpilyeo (桑韓筆語) which is made up of the medical questions and answers on ‘Nochae’ in Gyemi envoys.

조선통신사의 침뜸 의학 교류 : 『양동창화후록』을 중심으로

함정식 조선통신사학회 2010 조선통신사연구 Vol.10 No.-

DWT 주파수 분석을 통한 Textline 검출

함정식(Ham Jung Sik),이성원(Lee Seong Won) 한국통신학회 2015 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.06