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서울대공원 코끼리 열차 특성에 따른 탑승자의 초극미세입자(Ultrafine Particles) 노출
주송이,황지희,함승헌,이기영,Joo, Song-Yi,Hwang, Ji-Hee,Ham, Seung-Hon,Lee, Ki-Young 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.5
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to measure passengers' exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) and to determine effects of fuel, operating condition and position of seat. Method: UFP exposures in front and back seats of the Elephant vehicle in Seoul Grand Park were simultaneously measured by a condensation particle counter (P-Trak model 8525, TSI). The measurements were conducted 7 times with diesel-powered vehicle and 3 times with electricity vehicle in one day. The vehicle stopped at 3 locations along with 2.2 km of driving route. Results: UFP concentration in diesel-powered vehicle was significantly higher than electricity vehicle. At front seat of diesel-powered vehicle, average UFP exposure during stopping was significantly higher than during moving. When diesel-powered vehicle moved, UFP exposure in back seat was significantly higher than in front seat. Conclusions: Passengers in the diesel-powered Elephant vehicle could be exposed to high level of UFP. The UFP exposure was associated with operation condition and position of seat.
임영관(Young-Kwan Lim),함송이(Song-Yi Ham),이정민(Joung-Min Lee),정충섭(Choong-Sub Jeong) 한국트라이볼로지학회 2012 한국윤활학회지(윤활학회지) Vol.28 No.2
The engine oil is an oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. Recently, the vehicle and engine oil manufacture usually guarantee for oil change over 15000~20000 km mileage, but the most of driver usually change engine oil every 5000 km driving in Korea. In this case, it is possible to cause environmental contamination by used engine oil and increase the cost of driving by frequently oil change. In this study, we investigate the various physical properties such as flash point, pour point, kinematic viscosity, cold cranking simulator, total acid number, and four-ball test for fresh engine oil and used engine oil after vehicle driving (5000 km, 10000 km). The test result showed that the total acid number and wear scar by four-ball lest of used engine oil had increased than fresh engine oil, but 2 kind of used oil (5000 km and 10000 km) had similar physical properties.