잔디 재배지에서 배토와 경운처리에 의한 잔디생육 및 토양환경 개선

한정지,최수민,이광수,박용배,배은지 한국잔디학회 2016 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.3

To establish the soil management system for the efficient sod production, survey on the growth of zoysiagrass by different soil managements was conducted in repeated cultivation field with regard to soil physical properties. Soils were subjected to four types of management methods, which include ① rolling ② topdressing ③ topdressing + rolling ④ topdressing + tillage + rolling. The topdressing + tillage + rolling treatment significantly ameliorated soil physical properties such as bulk density, porosity and solid phase as compared to rolling and topdressing + rolling treatments, and was not significantly different from the topdressing treatment. Further growth and density of zoysiagrass except for the root dry weight in topdressing + tillage + rolling treatment were significantly higher than that only in rolling treatment. Topdressing + tillage + rolling treatment significantly increased the number of shoot as compared to the other treatments. Therefore, combined topdressing and tillage soil management practice should be conducted for the production of zoysiagrass in repeated cultivation field. 잔디 뗏장의 효율적인 생산을 위한 토양 관리 시스템을구축하기 위해 토양관리에 따른 잔디의 생육에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 토양관리는 4가지 방법 ① 답압 처리구 ② 배토 처리구 ③ 배토 +답압 처리구 ③ 배토 +경운 +답압혼합 처리구로 실시하였다. 토양의 물리성은 배토 +경운 + 답압 혼합 처리구가 답압과 배토 +답압 처리구에 비해 용적비중과 공극률, 고상비 등이 통계적으로 유의하게 개선되었으나, 배토 처리구와는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 토양 관리방법에 따른 잔디생육의 특성을 조사한 결과, 답압작업에 비해 배토만 하거나 배토와 함께 토양 경운의 방법을 추가하였을 때 식물체의 생육이 향상되는 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 잔디 연작 재배지의 경우 토양 물리성 개선을 위한 배토, 경운, 답압등의 토양 갱신작업을통해 잔디의 적정밀도 유지와 양질의 잔디를 생산할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

Flower Yield and Quality of Two Rose Cultivars Grown in Phenolic Foam LC Slab and Phenolic Foam RC Slab in Comparison to Perlite and Rockwool Slab

한정지,이상복,박유경,정병룡 한국원예학회 2014 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.55 No.2

Two standard cut rose (Rosa hybrida) ‘Rock Fire’ and ‘Feel Lip’ were propagated by single nodal cuttings. Each cutting with a five-leaflet leaf was stuck in a rockwool cube (Delta, 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm, Grodan Co., Ltd.,Denmark) on May 16, 2011. After 32 days, rooted uniform saplings were transplanted onto the four different growingmedia, perlite (Pergreen, No. 1, G-Biotech Co., Ltd., Korea), rockwool slab (Delta, 100 cm × 20 cm × 7.5 cm, GrodanCo. Ltd., Denmark), phenolic foam LC slab (100 cm × 20 cm × 7.5 cm, Smithers Oasis Co., Ltd., Korea), or phenolicfoam RC slab (100 cm × 20 cm × 7.5 cm, Smithers Oasis Co., Ltd., Korea), laid out in a completely randomizeddesign on a bench in a commercial grower’s plastic house. The nutrient solution was supplied uniformly through adrip irrigation system. The irrigation frequency was dependent on amount of solar radiation. Yield and quality ofharvested flower stems were measured for five successive harvests during a period of 11 months. Growth parametersmeasured were stem length, stem diameter, number of five-leaflet leaves per stem, stem fresh weight, number ofharvested cut flowers per ten plants by grade, total yield, and tissue contents of inorganic elements. Measured growthparameters, such as stem length, number and quality of harvested stems, and contents of inorganic elements, weresimilar in all the tested growing media, except perlite in which these values were the lowest. The results obtainedsuggests that the widely used rockwool slab can be replaced with the new phenolic medium such as phenolic foamLC slab for commercial scale hydroponic productions of cut roses.

수용성 규산염 시용에 따른 한국잔디의 생육효과

한정지,이광수,박용배,최수민,양근모,배은지 한국잔디학회 2015 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.4 No.2

Silicate fertilizers known to be effective in improving the growth and density of zoysiagrass. Most silicate fertilizers being used in Korea are slag-originated silicate fertilizer, but some water soluble silicate fertilizers are commercially available recently. This study was conducted to know the effect of water soluble silicate fertilizer, on the growth of zoysiagrass and the change of soil chemical properties in Wagner pot and field experiment. Root length, fresh and dry weight of shoots and stolons, the number of shoots and stolons, total of stolons length and the SiO2 content of internal plant were significantly increased by the SiO2 content but chemical properties of the soil were not significantly changed by the SiO2 content. The SiO2 contents of 18 and 36 μl ml-1 did not show significance difference, and therefore a reasonable application the content of SiO2 was thought to be 18 μl ml-1. Foliar spray of water soluble silicate fertilizer is believed to enhance the growth and density of zoysiagrass than soil application. 규산질 비료는 잔디에 있어서 생육과 밀도 향상 효과가인정되고 있다. 대부분 슬래그 규산질 비료를 사용하고 있지만 최근에는 수용성 규산염을 원료로 한 규산질 등이 개발되어 시판되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수용성 규산염에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정으로 수용성 규산 시용에 따른 한국잔디의 생육과 토양화학성 변화를 알아보고자 수용성 규산(SiO2) 함량별 처리 후 와그너포트 시험과 잔디 재배지 포장시험을 수행하였다. 수용성 규산 무처리구에 비해 수용성 규산 함량이 높을수록 근장, 지상부와 포복경의 생체중과 건물중, 한국잔디의 밀도가 유의성 있게 증가하였으며, 식물체내 조규산 함량은 유의하게 증가하였으나 토양화학성에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수용성 규산 함량 18과36 μl ml-1 처리구간의 유의한 차이가 크지 않아 적정 수용성 규산 함량은 18 μl ml-1으로 판단되었고, 식물체 내 조규산의 공급원으로서 수용성 규산을 토양에 직접시비보다는엽면시비로 한국잔디의 생장에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

뗏장 재배기간에 따른 Zoysiagrass의 생육과 토양의 특성

한정지,이광수,최수민,박용배,배은지 한국잔디학회 2015 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.4 No.3

In order to establish the efficient sod production and soil management, there is a need to perform research on the growing condition of zoysiagrass on soil environments. With an attempt to identify the growth of zoysiagrass and the chemical characteristics of soil according to different growing seasons, this study was carried out in separate areas where zoysiagrass has been grown for 1 year, 10 years, 20 years, and 30 years. As the growing season became longer, bulk density of the soil was increased, porosity and gaseous phase were decreased. The level of pH was highest in the area where zoysiagrass has been produced for 30 years, whereas total nitrogen and organic matters were found to be the greatest in where zoysiagrass has been produced for 1 year. Accordingly, the chemical properties of soil were deteriorated more in the area with continuous cropping than in the area with 1 year of cropping. As the time period of producing zoysiagrass became longer, growth of shoot and root were decreased. In this study, it is required to produce zoysiagrass through soil improvement in areas that have been used for production for over 10 years. 잔디 뗏장의 효율적인 생산과 토양 관리 시스템을 구축하고 재배방법을 개선하기 위한 기초 데이터를 제공하기위해, 토양환경에 따른 잔디의 생육상태에 대한 연구를 수행 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 뗏장 생산의 재배기간에 따른 잔디의 생육과 토양 화학적 특성을 조사하기 위해 뗏장재배기간이 1년, 10년, 20년, 그리고 30년 된 지역을 각각조사하였다. 재배기간이 장기화됨에 따라, 토양 용적밀도는 증가하였고, 공극률과 기상은 감소하였다. pH는 30년동안 재배된 곳에서 가장 높았고, 전질소와 유기물의 함량은 1년 동안 재배된 토양에서 가장 높았다. 결과적으로, 토양 화학적 특성은 1년 재배된 토양에서보다 계속적인 재배 토양에서 악화되었다. 잔디의 재배기간이 길어짐에 따라 지상부와 지하부의 생육이 감소하였다. 그러므로 계속적인 잔디 뗏장 생산 재배로 인한 토양 악화가 잔디의 품질과 생장을 감소시키므로, 10년 이상 연작된 지역에서는토양 갱신을 통해 잔디생육을 향상시켜야 한다.

한국잔디 종자의 발아특성과 발아율 향상을 위한 다양한 전처리 방법의 비교

한정지,이광수,박용배,양근모,배은지 한국잔디학회 2014 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.3 No.3

들잔디 종자의 발아를 향상시키기 위해서, 적정 종자 전처리 방법을 조사하였다. 종자들은 종피 연화 및 4가지 프라이밍 처리, 즉, 종피에 KOH 처리 유무에 따른 Hydro 프라이밍(증류수), Osmotic 프라이밍(폴리에틸렌 글리콜 -0.5MPa,-1.0MPa, -2.0MPa), Halo 프라이밍(질산칼륨 100 mM,200 mM, 400 mM)과 Solid matrix 프라이밍(종자:microcel-E:증류수 = 4:1:8) 방법을 조합하였다. 종피 연화는 발아율을 향상시키고 발아소요시간을 단축시켰다. 종피 연화 처리 후 Osmotic 프라이밍(PEG -0.5 MPa)에서 발아율이 유의적으로 증가하였고, MGT, T50이 감소하였다. 종자 발아율은 자연상태와 비교하여 60% 이상 증가시켰다. 결론적으로, 종피연화와 프라이밍 처리한 잔디종자는 더 빠르고균일하게 발아를 하였다. 현 연구를 통해 KOH처리와 PEG프라이밍 처리는 파종 시 발아율을 향상 시켜 초기 잔디조성을 빠르게 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Zoysiagrass seeds had low germination or lack of germination uniformity under natural condition. To improve thefinal germination percentage of zoysiagrass seeds, we investigated the methods of proper pre-treatment to enhance germinationrate of zoysiagrass. Seeds were subjected to the testa scarification and four types of seed priming methods, namely, hydro priming(distilled water), osmotic priming (polyethylene glycol -0.5 MPa, -1.0MPa, -2.0 MPa), halo priming (Potassium nitrate 100 mM,200 mM, 400 mM), and solid matrix priming (seed : microcel-E : distilled water = 4:1:8) with and without 25% KOH treatment inthe testa. The scarification improved the germination rate and reduced the germination time. Osmotic priming (PEG -0.5 MPa)with scarification were significantly increased the seed germination rate and decreased MGT, and T50. Seed germination rateobtained by osmotic priming (PEG -0.5MPa) with scarification increased above 60% in comparison with natural condition. Conclusively, scarified and primed zoysiagrass seed germinated more rapidly and uniformly in the study. The present resultssuggested that PEG priming treatment with KOH treatment prior to sowing could improve germination percentage, and thismethod makes us establish the early zoysiagrasses in the field.

한국잔디 재배에 규산질 비료 시비가 생육과 질소이용효율에 미치는 영향

한정지,이광수,박용배,배은지 한국잔디학회 2014 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.3 No.2

본 연구는 규산질 비료와 질소 비료 혼용이 한국잔디의생육과 질소비료 효율에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 한국잔디의 초장, 지상부, 포복경과 지하부의 생체중과 건물중, 지상부 개체수, 포복경 길이는 규산질 비료 400 kg/10a와 질소비료 24 kg/10a을 혼합시비 하였을때 질소비료의 24 kg/10a 단용처리구보다 증가하였고, 규산질 비료와 질소비료 18 kg/10a은 질소비료의 24 kg/10a단용 처리구와 유의성이 없었다. 규산질 비료와 질소비료를 혼합하여 시비했을 경우 질소비료 약 25-30% 절감효과가 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 토양 내 유효 규산과 유기물의 함량은 규산질 비료 시비를 하지 않은 것보다 시비를 하였을 때 더 높게 나타나 규산질 비료가 한국잔디의 생장과 밀도를 높였으며 토양의 화학적 특성에 중요한요소로 작용하였다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of silicate mixed with nitrogen fertilizer on improving thegrowth and reducing nitrogen input of zoysiagrass. Plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoots, roots, and stolons, the number ofshoots and total of stolons length were increased with highest in silicate mixed with nitrogen 24 kg/10a than nitrogen 24 kg/10a,and it showed no significance in silicate mixed with nitrogen 18 kg/10a. Nitrogen use efficiency in mixed silicate fertilizer wasincreased by 25-30% than single nitrogen fertilization. Moreover, the contents of available SiO2, and organic matters of silicatefertilization on soil was higher than not silicate fertilization on soil. The silicate enhanced the growth and density of zoysiagrass,while it was a crucial factor to affect the chemical property of the soil.

H2O2 Pretreatment Modulates Growth and the Antioxidant Defense System of Drought-stressed Zoysiagrass and Kentucky Bluegrass

배은지,한정지,최수민,이광수,박용배,이긍주 한국원예학회 2016 원예과학기술지 Vol.34 No.3

This study investigated the effect of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the antioxidant responses and growth of warm-season turfgrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) and cool-season turfgrass (Poa pratensis L.) subjected to drought stress. Compared with control plants that were not pretreated with H2O2, plants pretreated with H2O2 had significantly greater fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, and increased water content. H2O2 retreatments before drought stress significantly decreased the concentrations of malondialdehyde and H2O2. DPPH radical scavenging and glutathione activities were significantly increased. The responsive activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase were also significantly enhanced. Our results suggest that exogenous H2O2 could improve the growth of warm-season and cool-season turfgrass under drought stress by increasing the activityof their antioxidant enzymes, while decreasing lipid peroxidation.

질소비료 시비량에 따른 들잔디의 생육반응

배은지,한정지,이광수,박용배,최수민 한국잔디학회 2015 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.4 No.4

This study was conducted to find out the optimum nitrogen fertilization for production of good quality and high yield zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), the changes in chemical properties of soil in pot and field experiments treated with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer. In pot experiment, the fresh and dry weights of shoots and stolons and the number of shoots increased as nitrogen levels increased, and showed no significant between 24 and 48 kg N 10 a−1. In field experiment, the shoot length, fresh and dry weights of shoots, roots and stolons, the number of shoots and total stolons length linearly increased as affected by increased nitrogen application, and were not significantly different between 24 and 32 kg N 10 a−1. In both experiments, pH and exchangeable cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) in soil decreased as the rate of nitrogen application increased. As a results, chemical properties of soil were more deteriorated in the plots of higher nitrogen fertilizer rate. Thus, these results demonstrated that the nitrogen fertilizer rate for maximum growth of zoysiagrass was 24 kg N 10 a−1 in consideration of growth and soil condition. 양질 다수확 들잔디를 생산하기 위한 적정 질소비료 시비량을 규명하기 위하여 질소 시비량에 따른 들잔디의 생육과 토양화학성의 변화를 알아보고자 와그너 포트시험과잔디 재배지 포장시험을 수행하였다. 포트시험에서는 지상부와 포복경의 생체중과 건물중, 지상부 개체수는 질소 시비량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였고, 질소비료 시비량 24와48 kg N 10 a−1 처리구간의 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 잔디재배지 포장시험에서는 질소비료 시비량이 높을수록 지상부길이, 지상부, 포복경과 지하부의 생체중과 건물중, 지상부 개체수와 전체 포복경 개수는 유의성 있게 증가하였으며, 질소비료 24~32 kg N 10 a−1 처리구간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 질소비료 시비량이 증가할수록 토양 내 pH, 치환성 양이온 칼슘과 마그네슘이 낮아져 토양 화학성이악화되었다. 따라서 들잔디 생육 및 토양의 화학성을 고려한 적정 질소비료 시비량은 24 kg N 10 a−1으로 판단되었다

Evaluating Pre-silicon Treatment to Alleviate Drought Stress and Increases Antioxidative Activity in Zoysia japonica

배은지,한정지,최수민,이광수,박용배 한국잔디학회 2015 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.4 No.4

This study was performed to determine the effects of silicon on zoysiagrass after the application of drought stress. The daily amount of water or scilicon solution was 150 ml per a pot. For 14 days, plants were treated with 0.1 and 1.0 mM silicon (Si) and with distilled water for control and the drought only-treatment. Afterward, the plants in Si and drought treatment were exposed to a 21-day under drought stress condition but the plants in control received water. The results indicated that the growth and the moisture and chlorophyll contents decreased in the drought only-treatment and 0.1 mM Si compared to the control. However, 1.0 mM Si showed an increase in the growth with a significant increase of water and chlorophyll contents. The MDA and H2O2 concentrations and electrolyte leakage decreased, while the radical scavenging capacity increased in 1.0 mM Si. 1.0 mM Si showed little to no differences in the growth and no differences in water and chlorophyll contents, electrolyte leakage, MDA and H2O2 concentrations and antioxidant capacity compared to the control. These results suggested that application of silicon is useful for drought tolerance improvement of zoysiagrass under drought that is occurring in turf fields.

다수확 종자형 품종 육성을 위한 자생 한국잔디 수집계통들의 종자 수확량과 발아율

배은지,한정지,최수민,이광수,박용배,양근모,최준수 한국잔디학회 2016 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.2

Seeded variety of zoysiagrass has not been bred yet in Korea. Development of seeded zoysiagrass cultivar will be very important for the growth of turfgrass industry internationally as well as domestically. This research was conducted to investigate seed yield and germinability of 102 collected native zoysiagrass ecotypes in South Korea. Two hundred and seventy seven ecotypes were collected from various locations including coastal and mountain areas, while 102 morphologically distinct and seed producing ecotypes were selected and planted in 1 m × 1 m maintenance plots. Seed yield ranged from 0.1 to 32.2 g m−2. Highest yielding line was a medium leaf type zoysiagrass of Z6011 with 32.2 g m−2. Most collected lines showed seed germination rates of below 50%. However, Z2095 showed highest germination rate of 78%. Considering germination rate and seed yield, collected lines of Z6011, Z 6015, Z1075, ZN1008, and Z1084, which were mostly medium leaf type and Z. japonica types, showed reasonably high potential to be used as breeding lines for high yield seed varieties of zoysiagrass. 국내에 종자형 품종 개발은 아직 전무한 상태이다. 한국잔디의 종자형 품종 개발은 국내외 잔디산업 발전을 위해서도 매우 중요한 일이다. 한국잔디 자생지인 국내 동,서, 남해안과 내륙지방에서 277 생태형을 수집 하였고, 이중에서 종자를 맺는 102개 수집계통에 대한 종자 수확량과 발아율을 조사하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 종자 수확량은0.1~32.2 g m−2의 범위를 보였다. 수확량이 가장 많은 계통은 중엽형인 Z6011로 32.2 g m−2로 나타났다. 수집계통의발아율은 대부분이 50%이하로 낮게 조사되었다. 발아율이가장 높은 계통은 78%를 보인 Z2095로 조사되었다. 종자수확량이 높으면서, 발아율이 높은 계통으로는 Z6011, Z6015, Z1075, ZN1008, Z1084 등을 선발하였으며, 대부분 중엽형계통과 Z. japonica 계통이었다. 상기 선발 계통들은 향후다수확 종자형 품종육성을 위한 유용한 유전자원으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.