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온도와 CO<sub>2</sub> 농도 증가에 따른 다릅나무와 백당나무의 생장, 광합성 및 광색소 함량 변화
한심희,김두현,김길남,이재천,Han, Sim-Hee,Kim, Du-Hyun,Kim, Gil-Nam,Lee, Jae-Cheon 한국농림기상학회 2011 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.13 No.3
본 연구는 최근 전 지구적으로 문제시 되고 있는 기후변화와 관련하여, 우리나라에서의 대기 중 $CO_2$ 농도 증가와 평균 온도 상승에 따른 수목의 생장 및 생리 반응의 변화를 예측하고자 실시되었다. 온도와 $CO_2$ 농도 증가 하에서 다릅나무의 건중량은 감소하였으나, 백당나무의 건중량은 증가하였다. 또한, $CO_2$ 농도 증가는 다릅나무의 지상부와 지하부의 비(S/R)를 감소시킨 반면, 백당나무의 지상부와 지하부의 비는 증가시켜, 두 수종의 생장 반응은 서로 상반되는 결과를 나타냈다. 그러나 두 수종 모두 온도 증가에 의해 S/R율이 증가하였다. 탄소고정효율은 다릅나무의 경우, 온도와 $CO_2$ 농도 증가에 의해 뚜렷하게 감소하였으나, 백당나무는 온도 증가로 탄소고정효율이 감소한 반면, $CO_2$ 증가는 뚜렷한 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 광색소함량은 다릅나무의 경우, $CO_2$ 농도가 증가하면서 모든 광색소 함량이 감소하였다. 그러나 백당나무에서는 뚜렷한 변화가 없었다. 한편 온도 증가는 다릅나무의 잎내 광색소 함량을 크게 증가 시켰으나, 백당나무는 반대로 광색소 함량이 모두 감소하였다. 다릅나무의 엽록소 a/b 비는 $CO_2$ 농도 증가로 뚜렷하게 감소하였으며, 백당나무는 온도 증가로 엽록소 a/b 비가 감소하였다. 결론적으로 온도와 $CO_2$ 농도 변화에 따른 수목의 생장 및 생리적 반응은 처리 농도 또는 기간에 따라 큰 차이를 나타내며, 공시재료의 연령에도 큰 영향을 받는다. 본 연구는 1년생의 어린 묘목을 대상으로 단기간 온도와 $CO_2$ 농도 변화에 대한 반응을 분석한 것이므로, 장기적인 환경 변화에 대한 수목의 적응 특성은 예측하기 어렵다. 따라서 미래의 기후변화에 대한 수목의 반응을 정확한 예측을 위해서는 장기적인 환경 변화 조건하에서 다각적인 연구가 이루어져야 한다. 또한 환경 변화에 따른 반응은 수종에 따라 큰 차이를 나타내므로, 기후변화에 따른 수목의 반응을 예측하기 위해서는 우리나라 주요 수종 및 기후변화에 민감한 수종들을 대상으로 지속적인 연구가 이루어져야 한다. The impacts of elevated temperature and $CO_2$ were studied on the seedlings of Maackia amurensis and Viburnum opulus var. calvescens. The seedlings were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers with four combinations of temperature and $CO_2$ treatments: $25^{\circ}C$ + ambient $CO_2$ (400 ppm), $25^{\circ}C$ + elevated $CO_2$ (800 ppm), $30^{\circ}C$ + ambient $CO_2$ (400 ppm), and $30^{\circ}C$ + elevated $CO_2$ (800 ppm). Under elevated temperature and $CO_2$ concentration, the dry weight decreased in seedlings of M. amurensis, but increased in seedlings of V. opulus var. calvescens. In addition, the shoot to root (S/R) ratio in M. amurensis reduced but that of V. opulus var. calvescens increased under elevated $CO_2$ concentration. The S/R ratios of two tree species increased under higher temperature. M. amurensis represented lower carboxylation efficiency under higher temperature and $CO_2$ concentration and that of V. opulus var. calvescens showed lower values under the only higher temperature. Photosynthetic pigment content of in the leaves of M. amurensis was lower under higher $CO_2$ concentration and higher under the increase of temperature, but that of V. V. opulus var. calvescens decreased according to the increase of temperature. Chlorophyll a/b ratios of M. amurensis and V. V. opulus var. calvescens decreased obviously with the increase of $CO_2$ concentration and temperature, respectively. In conclusion, the growth and physiological responses under the environmental changes such as temperature and $CO_2$ concentration depend on the tree species. Therefore, more studies are needed to predict the response of each tree species against the climate changes.
이재천 ( Lee Jae Cheon ),한심희 ( Han Sim Hui ),장석성 ( Jang Seog Seong ),김판기 ( Kim Pan Gi ),허재선 ( Heo Jae Seon ),염규진 ( Yeom Gyu Jin ) 한국농림기상학회 2003 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.5 No.3
N/A This study was conducted to assess the physiological tolerance of native tree species for successful restoration and revegetation of abandoned coal-mine spoils. Study sites were two coal-mine spoils (Sododong and Ssarijae) in Taebaek, Kangwon Province, Korea. Five individuals of Betula costata and of B. schmidtii were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content, nitrate reductase (NR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and for carbohydrate concentration in the leaves. Trees in the abandoned coal-mine spoils were influenced by deficiencies expressed by MDA and H₂O₂ content in the leaves of two species being higher at the coal-mine spoils than in the surrounding forest. Low NR activity indirectly represented nitrogen deficiency in the soil of the coal-mine spoils; an unmanageable SOD activity implied that tolerant functions didn`t act against a certain stress of the coal-mine spoils. Decreased glucose and increased starch concentration especially showed the inhibition of the carbohydrate metabolism by inadequate factors. Consequently, low nitrogen content in the coal-mine soils might increase damage in trees as a result of inhibiting the expression of tolerance mechanisms against stress. Therefore, trees in coal-mine spoils need ample nitrogen to use as a metabolic energy source in order to prevent damage and increase tolerance against stress.
박달나무 반형매 5가계의 탄수화물 배분 및 분할에 대한 Cd 처리 효과
한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),오창영 ( Chang Young Oh ),이재천 ( Jae Cheon Lee ),김판기 ( Pan Gi Kim ) 한국농림기상학회 2006 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.8 No.1
Cd 처리에 의해서 스트레스를 받고 있는 박달나무의 탄수화물 배분 및 분할 기작을 이해하고, 이를 기준으로 가계간 Cd 독성에 내성 수준을 평가하기위해서, 박달나무 5가계의 1년생 묘목에 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mM의 농도로 CdSO4 용액을 2개월간 처리한 후 잎, 줄기, 뿌리의 탄수화물 농도를 측정하였다. Cd를 처리한 박달나무는 가계 간에 다소간의 차이는 있었으나, 체내탄수화물의 함량이 대조구에 비하여 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 기관에 따라서는 잎의 탄수화물 배분율이 감소되고 뿌리의 배분율이 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 그리고 Cd처리에 의하여 잎은 포도당 함량이 증가하고 자당과 전분의 농도가 감소하며, 뿌리는 포도당, 자당, 전분이 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 본 연구에 공시한 박달나무 5가계 중 No. 7번 가계가 Cd에 가장 민감한 가계로 평가되었다. This study was conducted to understand the regulation mechanism of carbohydrate allocation and partitioning of one-year-old seedlings of Betula schmidtii with Cd treatment, and to assess tolerance against Cd toxicity among five half-sib families on the basis of carbon allocation and partitioning. Seedlings were treated with CdSO4 solution of 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mM for two months. After harvesting, carbohydrate concentrations were analyzed for leaves, stems and roots of seedlings. Carbohydrate concentration for Cd-treated seedlings decreased in comparison with control plants, even though Cd effects were significantly different among five families. Meanwhile, Cd treatment decreased carbohydrate allocation in leaves and increased allocation in roots. In addition, partitioning of glucose in leaves was increased by Cd treatment, but partitioning of sucrose and starch in leaves decreased. In Cd-treated roots, partitioning of glucose, sucrose and starch increased. On the basis of carbohydrate allocation patterns, Family No. 7 (of the five families studied) was considered as the most sensitive family to Cd toxicity because the decrease of carbohydrate concentration and the change of carbohydrate allocation pattern after Cd treatment were relatively greater.
온도와 CO2 농도 증가에 따른 다릅나무와 백당나무의 생장, 광합성 및 광색소 함량 변화
한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),김두현 ( Du Hyun Kim ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),이재천 ( Jae Cheon Lee ) 한국농림기상학회 2011 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.13 No.3
The impacts of elevated temperature and CO2 were studied on the seedlings of Maackia amurensis and Viburnum opulus var. calvescens. The seedlings were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers with four combinations of temperature and CO2 treatments: 25oC + ambient CO2 (400 ppm), 25oC + elevated CO2 (800 ppm), 30oC + ambient CO2 (400 ppm), and 30oC + elevated CO2 (800 ppm). Under elevated temperature and CO2 concentration, the dry weight decreased in seedlings of M. amurensis, but increased in seedlings of V. opulus var. calvescens. In addition, the shoot to root (S/R) ratio in M. amurensis reduced but that of V. opulus var. calvescens increased under elevated CO2 concentration. The S/R ratios of two tree species increased under higher temperature. M. amurensis represented lower carboxylation efficiency under higher temperature and CO2 concentration and that of V. opulus var. calvescens showed lower values under the only higher temperature. Photosynthetic pigment content of in the leaves of M. amurensis was lower under higher CO2 concentration and higher under the increase of temperature, but that of V. V. opulus var. calvescens decreased according to the increase of temperature. Chlorophyll a/b ratios of M. amurensis and V. V. opulus var. calvescens decreased obviously with the increase of CO2 concentration and temperature, respectively. In conclusion, the growth and physiological responses under the environmental changes such as temperature and CO2 concentration depend on the tree species. Therefore, more studies are needed to predict the response of each tree species against the climate changes.
온도 증가에 따른 일본잎갈나무와 거제수나무 유묘의 초기 생장과 생리 특성의 변화
한심희 ( Sim Hee Han ),김두현 ( Du Hyun Kim ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),이재천 ( Jae Cheon Lee ),윤충원 ( Chung Weon Yun ) 한국농림기상학회 2012 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.14 No.2
Larix kaempferi and Betula costata seedlings were grown under an elevated temperature (27oC) for four weeks to understand initial changes on physiological characteristics caused by temperature rising in connection with global warming. At the end of the treatment, growth performance, leaf pigment content, antioxidative enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured and analyzed. Relative growth rates of the height of two tree species grown under elevated temperature (27oC) were lower than those of control (24oC) and dry weights of leaves, stems and roots were also reduced at higher temperature. Particularly, the root growth reduction of two tree species increased markedly at 27oC over the study period, which increased the ratio of shoot to root. Under higher temperature, leaf pigment contents decreased, whereas anti-oxidative enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) increased as compared with the control. But MDA content was not affected by elevated temperature. In conclusion, the elevated temperature leads to root growth reduction, restriction of nutrient uptake from soil and the reduction of leaf pigment contents, which can inhibit the aboveground growth. In addition, higher temperature might act as a stress factor that causes growth reduction through the increase of energy consumption during a growth period.