조제시 정제분할에 의한 중량편차

하미애,신숭휘,송보완,김종우,홍남두 한국병원약사회 1995 病院藥師會誌 Vol.12 No.4

Although original tablets are almost fit in weight variation test, in many cases, tablets are practically splitted for dose control in dispensing. These splitted tablets are considered secondary cause of weight variation. So, in this study tablets were classified into three groups by the average weight, first group was below 0.12g(A), second was more than 0.12g below 0.3g(B) and third was more than 0.3g(C). Each group consists of four kinds of tablet and weight variation after tablet splitting was calculated. As a result, average violation rate of weight variation test was 60% for A group, 42.5% for B group, 55% for C group. And the relation of hardness of tablet was the higher rate of weight variation. In conclusion, split of tablet for dose control in dispending was absolutely a cause of dose mistake. Especially drugs having side effect or toxic effect should be carefully when pharmacists split of tablet for dose control in dispending was absolutely a cause of dose mistake. Especially drugs having side effect or toxic effect should be carefully when pharmacists split tablets for dose control in dispensing.

Larkin 시에 나타난 부정의 형식과 효과

하미애 현대영미어문학회 1998 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.1

Larkin's poetry demonstrates a noticeable preoccupation with pattern and forces of negation. There is the Larkin poem whose semantics are made negative due to its subject. matter(physical death and the death of consciousness are prime subjects in this respect). Clausal and sub-clausal types of negation, are also unmistakable aspects of Larkin's syntax. The physical absence that is constantly creating in Larkin feelings of emptiness. dreadfulness, and darkness, is death. The first type of absence for which Larkin expresses a simple yearning always thrills him as it may relieve him of burdens of sociability and painful consciousness that comes along with knowledge. But as he comes to reflect on the second he appears frightened, shaken, and even paralysed by the thought of it. His reaction to his own' absence is demonstrated in feelings of void, fear, and even theological despair. He points out that one's end comes so forcefully and inevitably that religion, which by the way he does not show interest in, fails as an escape· route to contravene its coming. Stylistically Larkin's negative vision of life is carried through negative structures and formations. He relies upon and manipulates negative sentences and other word-formations. He uses clausal and sub-clausal negation as means of presenting the kind of vision he seeks to convey. In Larkin's negative linguistic environment they bring into light sets of different actions and states of being before they cancel them out. Larkin's favorite part of speech as far as the negative formations are concerned is the adjective. Two classes of adjectives capture Larkin's attention, the comparative and more important the participial. Both, like verbs, are preceded by the same class-preserving negative prefix 'un', Both function either as heads of phrases serving as predicate complements in clause structures or pre-head modifiers in noun phrase structures. Mostly Larkin depends upon comparative adjective to give his concepts of ordinariness, love, marriage, and life. Or they may account for the dilemma of man in modern society And it appeilrs that Larkin's swing between the positive and negative aspect of the 'un-formation' like his manipulation of sentential negation, reflects a tendency on his part to reduce things down to their true dimensions and qualities. It is an aspect of his style that is designated to bring to light the human situations and emotions reveled in his poems.

골프장의 경영관리활동이 고객만족도에 미치는 영향

하미애,김해출 한국스포츠리서치 2006 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.17 No.4

Shadows on the Rock에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아,하미애 慶南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1998 人文論叢 Vol.10 No.-

<ABSTRACT>The protagonists in Cather's novels written between 1920 and 1926 experience crises of self and desperately seek new avenues to personal fulfillment. In such portrayals. Cather moves farther away from any notion of success that centers on material gain or that elevates the individual, and toward an understanding the American Dream that is community-oriented and fundamentally at odds with wealth and position. Thus Cather in the early 1930's, when she wrote Shadow on the Rock, was still negotiating a position for herself on the American Dream.Published in 1931, Shadow on the Rock, seems an appropriate Depression-era novel, with its poor-but-happy, Shirley Temple type of heroine, who teaches her observers that they can find personal happiness without money or fame. And in the spirit of the Depression-era intellectual, more interested in a universal human community than in a specifically American community (Peeler 7), Cather "un-Americanizes" her setting by moving it beyond the United states to Canada. Cather at the end of this period seems especially to be reverencing communal values-represented by religion and Family-and perhaps thinking of abandoning or at least tempering the bolder individualism that early heroines such as Thea Kronborg and Marian Forrester display.At one point in the novel, Cather especially emphasizes this theme of traditions. In Shadows on the Rock, Cather clearly defines the community that more and more came to hold importance for her: the tradition-bearers who transmit values from past to present and preserve those values for future humanity. In fact, Cather in this novel uses religion as a concrete example of tradition: religion is not only a vehicle for the transmission of tradition, but it provides for those who cherish, practice, and spread it a sense of community and of belonging. For Cather, religion is a means of carrying that past to the future.Like religion, family gains importance as a symbol of community in this phase of Cather's writing. As Cather validates these two avenues to a tradition-based, self-affirming community-religion and family-she reflects a cultural shift in focus as America itself moved toward an era of economic upheaval and widespread disillusionment with the American Dream. The family community is actually elevated to the level of art and religion as a symbol of what must be preserved. The beauty and sacredness of family in this work perhaps reflects Cather's own growing awareness of how much her family meant to her. And Cather's need for family reflects not only a growing personal awareness of the importance of this initial community, but a growing national reawakening to the strength and power of the family as a unit.

길경(桔梗)발효 추출물의 알레르기성 소양행동 억제효과연구

하미애 ( Mi Ae Ha ),김진우 ( Jin Woo Kim ),이신우 ( Shin Woo Lee ),전현식 ( Hyun Sik Chun ),조영손 ( Young Son Cho ),신용욱 ( Yong Wook Shin ) 대한본초학회 2014 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.29 No.6

Objectives : Platycodon Root is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases of the throat. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of the EtOH extract of fermented Platycodon grandiflorum on the ameliorative effects on the Antipruritic Effect of atopic dermatitis mouse model induced by compound 48/80 and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic responses in mice. Methods : In the present study, we examined the anti allergic effect of Platycodon grandiflorum (PR) and its fermented production (FPR) in several mouse model. We measured acute ear edema in a mouse model caused by TPA and consecutively histological change of Ear tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. and also Scratching behaviors by compound 48/80 was investigated. The levels of allergic mediators such as immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and anti-oxidant markers such as SOD and MDA in the sera of OVA induced allergic mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : FPR inhibited compoud 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice, as well as acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. The anti-scratching behavioral effect of FPR was more potent than PR. FPR extract significantly decreased the serum levels of IgE and MDA compared with those of OVA control group. Conclusions : These results indicate that Anti allergic effect of Platycodon grandiflorum is enhanced by fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisae and FPR may be useful for protection from the itching reactions, which are IgE-mediated representative skin allergic diseases.

흑도라지의 천식 동물모델에 대한 면역조절효과

김진우,하미애,신용욱 한국인간·식물·환경학회 2016 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.19 No.4

This study was performed to compare the effect of Platycodi Radix (PG) and Black Platycodi Radix (BPG; developed from fresh Platycodon grandiflorum root by steaming nine times at 80°C for 36 hr and drying nine times at 30°C for 24 hr , at which point it becomes black in color.) on anti-oxidant effect, anti-bacterial properties and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma mouse model by calculating serum cytokines and IgE. To induce the allergic asthma, in the control group and the sample treated group, mice of each group were sensitized intraperitoneally with OVA solution at the 1st, the 7th and the 14th day. Sensitization was performed by aerosol allergen challenges with 1% OVA solution intratracheally at the 21th, the 23th, the 25th and the 27th day. At the 29th day, the mice were killed and the levels of interferon-γ, interleukin-4, 5 and 10, total IgE and OVA-specific IgE were measured. IFN-γ was not different among the PG, BPG, and control groups. IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, total IgE, and OVA-specific IgE were significantly in the BPG group compared with the control group. Considering the above experimental results, this study showed that nine times-repitative steaming process on the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum could enhance reduction of the allergic reaction by reducing level of OVA specific IgE and immune cell infiltration and restoring Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance.

증자처리가 돼지감자(Helianthus tuberosus L.)의 혈당강하작용에 미치는 영향

신용욱,하미애,김진우 한국약용작물학회 2014 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2014 No.05

처방구성과 자동정제계수조제기(ATC) 가동율

신숭휘,하미애,곽수란,송보완,김종우,홍남두 한국병원약사회 1994 병원약사회지 Vol.11 No.4

In drug dispensing with ATC(Automatic Tablet Counting & Sorting Machine), the composition of prescriptions may give an influence on the ATC operation ratio. So we made a research to solve the problem of ATC operation ratio influenced by the prescription's component in Sept. 1994, at the department of pharmacy in Kyung Hee University Medical Center. All of the prescriptions was classified and analyzed except pediatric department. As a result, total counts of prescriptions were 23,973, among these prescriptions 29.1% was possible dispensed by ATC, but only 25.1% was done by ATC. And ATC is usually using for the long term prescriptions. So if it is recalculated into the prescription days, the ATC operation ratio was 42.0%. The cause of including splitted tablets, was 3.6% in the case of including liquids, powders, external uses and was 20.3% which require more cassettes in ATC. In conclusion, to improve the operation ratio of ATC, below listed are required. First development of variable kinds of tablet doses, second is enlarging the counts of cassettes in ATC.

토종과 중국도입종간 꾸지뽕잎의 항알레르기작용 비교

김광연,하미애,신용욱 대한본초학회 2019 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.34 No.3

Objectives : This study was performed to compare the effect of two Cudrania tricuspidata cultivars; Sancheong native (CT) and varieties in china(SCT) on immediate hypersensitivity of the anaphylactic type and Ova-induced allergic asthma mouse model by calculating serum cytokines and IgE. Methods : We investigated the free radical scavanging effect and quantify total phenol contents and total flavonoids of two Cudrania tricuspidata cultivars; Sancheong native(CT) and varieties in china(SCT). The sample was extracted by 80% EtOH. To induce the allergic asthma, in the control group and the CT group, mice of each group were sensitized intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) solution at the 1st, the 7th and the 14th day. After then, sensitization was performed by aerosol allergen challenges with 1% OVA solution intratracheally at the 21th, the 23th, 25th and the 27th day. At the 29th day, the mice were killed and the changes of interferon-γ, interleukin-4, 5 and 10, total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum were checked. Results : CT inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis 90% with a dose of 100 ㎎/㎏ body weight at 1 hr before injection of compound 48/80. In the allergic asthma mouse model, IFN-γ was did not increased in the CT and SCT group than that in the control group. IL-4, IL-5, the total IgE and OVA-specific IgE were decreased in the CT group as compared with the control group and these results were statistically significant. Conclusions : Considering the above experimental results, this study showed that Sancheong native cultivar could reduce the allergic reaction.

결명자 추출물의 TPA로 유도한 접촉성피부염 억제효과 연구

신용욱,하미애,김진우,고운산 한국약용작물학회 2014 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2014 No.05