Dissecting Cellular Heterogeneity Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

최윤하,김종경 한국분자세포생물학회 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.3

Cell-to-cell variability in gene expression exists even in a homogeneous population of cells. Dissecting such cellular heterogeneity within a biological system is a prerequisite for understanding how a biological system is developed, homeostatically regulated, and responds to external perturbations. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows the quantitative and unbiased characterization of cellular heterogeneity by providing genome-wide molecular profiles from tens of thousands of individual cells. A major question in analyzing scRNA-seq data is how to account for the observed cell-to-cell variability. In this review, we provide an overview of scRNA-seq protocols, computational approaches for dissecting cellular heterogeneity, and future directions of single-cell transcriptomic analysis.

자하 하디드의 건축에 나타난 절대주의적 특성에 관한 연구

최윤하 한국기초조형학회 2019 기초조형학연구 Vol.20 No.5

art in the early 20th century presented an unexampled form in the history of Western art, and its influence continues in the 21st century. The study seeks to analyze the impact of the Suprematism, developed by Russian avant-garde artist Kazimir Malevich on the works of contemporary architect Zaha Hadid. As for research methods, this study identifies the meaning and characteristics of Suprematism through literature reviews and analysis of Malevich's paintings and architectural works, and how Suprematism affects Zaha Hadid's architecture through the analysis of Hadid's works based on literature reviews. The results of the study are as follows. 1) Although Malevich had faced limitations in Suprematism painting and proceeded to Suprematism architecture, Zaha Hadid had followed the characteristics of Malevich's Suprematist paintings. 2) Zaha Hadid's paintings have achieved the concept of 'plastic dynamism' that manifested in Malevich's Suprematism through the use of color surfaces, and they are the subjects that possess the potential to form into three-dimensional architecture. 3) This plastic dynamism is formed by the structural formation process of the building and the spatial concepts in the early construction work of Zaha Hadid, and by the conditions under which the site and building are used in the later period. Also, The architectural methodology, in which plastic dynamism is formed by the conditions given in architecture, resonates with the parametric design methodology of recent projects that Zaha Hadid worked with Patrick Schumacher. These findings suggest that works of contemporary plastic art could be carried out in a way that inherits and develops the issue of abstract art in the early 20th century, and suggest that the aspect may also be the result of the contemporary artist's special and original interpretation. 20세기 초의 추상 미술은 서양 미술의 역사상 미증유의 양식을 제시하였으며, 그 영향력은 약 100년이 지난시기의 21세기의 조형예술에도 사라지지 않은 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 20세기의 러시아 아방가르드 미술가카지미르 말레비치가 전개한 절대주의 미술 사조가 현대 건축가 자하 하디드의 건축 작업에 미친 영향을 분석하고자 한다. 연구 방법으로는 말레비치의 절대주에 관한 미술과 건축 분야의 선행연구와 작품 분석을 통해 절대주의의 의미와 특징을 파악하고, 자하 하디드의 건축에 관한 건축비평가들의 선행연구와 이를 바탕으로 한 작품 분석을 통해 절대주의가 자하 하디드의 작품에서 어떠한 방식으로 전개되었는지를 파악한다. 연구 내용의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 카지미르 말레비치의 절대주의는 회화에서 한계를 느끼고 절대주의 건축으로 진행하였으나, 자하 하디드는 초기 작품에서부터 말레비치의 절대주의 건축이 아닌 절대주의 회화가 지닌 특성을 따른다. 2) 자하 하디드의 회화 작업은 말레비치의 절대주의에서 드러나는 '조형적 역동성' 개념을 성취하며, 조형적 역동성이 표현되는 색면들은 3차원 건축으로 형성될 잠재력을 지닌 대상들이다. 3) 이러한 조형적 역동성은 자하하디드의 초기 건축 작업에서는 건물의 구조적 형성 과정과 건축 공간적 개념을 통해서, 후기에는 건축의 장소와 건물이 사용되는 조건에 의해 형성된다. 또한, 건축에 주어진 조건들에 의해 조형적 역동성이 형성되는 건축방법론은 자하 하디드가 패트릭 슈마허와 함께 작업한 최근 프로젝트들의 파라메트릭 디자인 방법론과 공명하며, 현대의 디지털 디자인 방법론이 20세기의 추상미술의 방법론과 접점을 지닌다는 사실을을 드러낸다. 이러한 연구 결과는 21세기의 조형예술작업이 20세기 초 추상 미술의 쟁점을 계승하고 발전시키는 방식으로 진행될 수 있다는 점을 시사하며, 그 양상 또한 과거 사조의 단순한 반복이 아닌 작가의 특수하고 독창적인 해석의결과일 수 있다는 점을 제시한다.

간호학생의 자기주도 학습능력과 전공만족도가 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향

최윤하,채민정 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2019 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.9 No.10

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-directed learning ability and major satisfaction on adjustment to college life in nursing students. For this study, research data about self-directed learning ability and major satisfaction and adjustment to college life were from 710 subjects in S university of G city, using a self-administered questionnaire. The SPSS WIN/PC 22.0 program was used. A positive correlation was found for adjustment to college life with self-directed learning ability and major satisfaction. First of all, the finding shows that the higher self-directed learning ability and the higher major satisfaction are the better college adjustment to nursing students. Second, sex, application motivation, major satisfaction and self-directed learning ability variables have more influence on adjustment to college life. Regression analysis showed 43.4% of the variance in adjustment to college life. According to the results oh the this study, it will be necessary to support adaptive capacity improvement program considering gender and development of a learning coaching program that can improve self-directed learning ability for a better adjustment to college life. 본 연구는 간호학생의 자기주도 학습능력 및 전공만족도가 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 이를 위해 G시의 일 대학 간호학과 학생 710명을 대상으로 2018년 10월 1일부터 31일까지 자기주도 학습능력, 전공만족도, 대학생활적응에 대한 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 대학생활적응은 자기주도 학습능력 및 전공만족도와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 자기주도 학습능력과 전공만족도가 높을수록 대학생활적응을 잘하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째 대학생활적응에 영향을 미치는 관련 요인으로는 성별, 지원동기, 전공만족도, 자기주도 학습능력으로 이들 변수들의 대학생활적응에 대한 설명력은 총 43.4%이었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 간호학생의 성별을 고려한 성공적인 대학생활적응력 향상 프로그램 지원과 자기주도 학습능력 향상을 위한 학습코칭 프로그램 개발이 필요할 것이다.

비모수 인지진단모형을 적용한 영어 독해능력 프로파일 분석: 고등학교 지필평가를 중심으로

최윤하 한국중등영어교육학회 2023 중등영어교육 Vol.16 No.3

This research applies a non-parametric cognitive diagnosis (NPCD) approach to a small data set from an English reading comprehension test in a unit school, aiming to explore meaningful diagnostic information. Using the Hamming distance method for classification, the response patterns of 49 examinees are analyzed to determine their current mastery or nonmastery status on a set of reading skills. The study uncovers key findings, with skill 2 (find detail) exhibiting the highest mastery rate (71.42%) and skill 4 (infer) the lowest (30.61%), emphasizing the significance of inference-making for overall reading comprehension. Disparities in skill mastery rates between students with higher and lower exam scores present challenges for implementing effective personalized learning approaches within the same classroom setting. Interestingly, students with the same total exam score display diverse reading skill patterns, underscoring the need for tailored learning content based on individual profiles. To enable data-based self-monitoring and instructional decision-making, the study proposes the implementation of an online score report with a QR code. Nonparametric cognitive diagnosis of profiles of English reading skills can contribute to the development of communicative reading comprehension ability while preventing a “teaching to the test” approach.

CEFR 기반 2015 개정 교육과정, 교과서, 수능의 일관성: 영어 읽기를 중심으로

최윤하 한국영어교육학회 2023 ENGLISH TEACHING(영어교육) Vol.78 No.1

This research investigated consistency of achievement levels stated in the 2015 revised national curriculum of English, high school English textbooks, and the Korean College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT) according to CEFR Levels. Based on CEFR levels, this study compared levels of targeted achievement standards in the national curriculum, focusing on reading passages in High School EnglishⅡ and CSAT implemented for three consecutive years (2021-2023). Results indicated that the reading section of textbooks and CSAT included a considerable portion of passages whose text difficulty levels were higher than CEFR B2, exceeding the achievement standards required for high school graduates. These results suggest that difficulty levels in the national curriculum, textbooks, and CSAT should be adjusted according to target levels of language proficiency based on CEFR levels so that learning burden of students can be lessened and competency-based English teaching and learning finally can be performed.

Evaluation of in-stent neointima plaque components in patients with in-stent restenosis

최윤하,홍영준,정명호,박수영,정해창,조재영,조상철,장수영,류종현,송지은,이기홍,박근호,심두선,윤남식,윤현주,김계훈,박형욱,김주한,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

비정규 시계열 자료의 회귀모형 연구

최윤하,이성임,이상열 한국통계학회 2003 응용통계연구 Vol.16 No.2

In this paper we reviewed a variety of non-Gaussian time series models, and studied the model selection criteria such as AIC and BIC to select proper models. We also considered the likelihood ratio test and applied it to analysis of Polio data set. 본 연구에서는 비정규 시계열 자료에 관한 다양한 회귀모형을 고찰하고, 이들 모형의 선택 기준에 관하여 연구해 보았다. 모형 선택의 기준으로는 AIC (Akaike information criterion), BIC (Baysian information criterion) 그리고 우도비 검정을 확장 적용하였다. 또한, 실제의 Polio 자료분석을 통해 이를 적용해보았다.

Clinical Outcome in Patients with Intermediate Lesions with Minimum Lumen Area < 4 mm2

최윤하,홍영준,정명호,박수영,정해창,조재영,조상철,장수영,류종현,송지은,이기홍,박근호,심두선,윤남식,윤현주,김계훈,박형욱,김주한,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 대한내과학회 2012 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

호흡기질환 환자 간호를 위한 시뮬레이션 설계 및 평가

최윤하,채민정 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2019 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.9 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of simulation scenario of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the problem solving process and learning attitude of nursing students. Scenario development is composed of experts and constructed according to the clinical situation of Korea based on scenario presented in simulation in nursing education (Laerdal). This scenario was conducted for third year nursing students who voluntarily participated in July 2017. The contents of the scenario consisted of four stages of problem recognition, nursing assessment, intervention, and evaluation. SimMan3G was used to provide an environment similar to the actual clinical situation. We measured the students' learning attitudes and problem solving process before using COPD patient simulation scenario. As a result, it was confirmed that the attitude of problem solving process and learning attitude improved after the training. Based on the results of this study, simulation training for nursing students should be expanded and various scenarios developed 본 연구의 목적은 만성폐쇄성폐질환(Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) 환자시뮬레이션 시나리오를 적용하여 간호학생의 문제해결과정과 학습태도에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위한 단일군 사전-사후설계 연구이다. 시나리오는 전문가들로 구성하여 simulation in nursing education(Laerdal)에서 제시고하고 있는 시나리오를 기반으로 우리나라 임상상황에 맞게 구성하였다. 이 시나리오는 2017년 7월 자발적인 참여의사를 밝힌 3학년 간호학생을 대상으로 실시되었다. 시나리오는 문제인식, 간호사정, 중재, 평가의 4단계로 구성하였으며 실제 임상상황과 유사한 환경을 제공해주는 SimMan3G(Laerdal),를 활용하였다. COPD환자 시뮬레이션 시나리오 사용 전에 학생들의 문제해결과정과 학습태도 정도를 측정하였으며 교육 전 보다 후에 점수가 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 간호학생들을 위한 시뮬레이션 교육이 확대되어야 하며 다양한 시나리오 개발이 필요할 것으로 본다.

한국 EFL 고등학생들의 문학동아리 활동이 독서 동기와 독해력에 미치는 영향

최윤하 팬코리아영어교육학회 2023 영어교육연구 Vol.35 No.1

A literature circle, first implemented in the United States, has been successfully used in educational settings in various countries. Up to the present time, the positive effects of literature circles on learners have been extensively studied outside of Korea, however, no studies have explored whether Korean high school students can also stand from benefit to this reading instruction. The purpose of this study is to clarify in detail how literature circles affect students' reading motivation and reading comprehension. This study was conducted for three months on 20 high school students in the city of Namyangju, South Korea, divided into a control group and an experimental group. The scores of Motivation to Read Profile(MRP) and comprehension assessment, were collected and analyzed. Reading motivation was analyzed through ANCOVA. Changes in reading comprehension were analyzed by means and standard deviation using descriptive statistics. Through the covariate analysis, it was found that the motivation of the experimental group increased significantly higher than the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated higher reading score over the control group which did not participate in the literature circle. (181 words)