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최만봉 ( Man Bong Choi ) 한국산림과학회 1975 한국산림과학회지 Vol.28 No.1
In the beginning of the germination of Castanea creata seeds, seedlings with identical genetic characteristics from only one seed were produced by longitudinally splitting the radicle and epicotyl in half with a razor blade. The results are summarized as follows: 1. 2-8 genetically identical Castanca crenata seedlings were produced by longitudinally splitting the radicles and epicotyles from one to four in number in half with a razor blade 1-3 times about 7 days apart, while the seeds were germinating. 2. The proportion of success of splitting seedlings was very high (90 100%). When some of the spliting seedlings were withered a sprout appeared again and it was possible the seedling to revive. 3. The production rate, growth and T/R rate of seedlings which were split only once were lower that those of the seedlings which were split several times. 4. The growth and T/R rate of split seedlings which were one of no more than four seedlings produced from one seed showed no difference in comparison with normal seedlings, but in seedlings which were one of more than four, the growth and T/R rate were considerably decreased. 5. With the progress of growth, the external shapes of splitting seedlings completely returned to the original state, and no problems in growth, were found.
임목의 (林木) 배축 (胚軸) 및 유경삽수발근의 (幼莖揷穗發根) 해부학적 연구
최만봉 ( Man Bong Choi ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.52 No.1
The origin and development of adventitious roots was studied using hypocotyl and epicotyl cuttings of 34 species, 24 genus of woody plants. These cuttings obtained from young seedlings cultured in vials containing distilled water only. The several characteristics of cuttings materials studied are shown in Table 1. The results are summerized as follows: 1. The circumference shapes of cross-sections of hypocotyl and epicotyl cuttings can be divided into six categories, namely, round, irregular round, ellipse, irregular ellipse, square, and triangle. Species differences within a genus did not show any difference of rypocotyl and epicotyl cross-sections shape, however, a noticeable variation among genus or higher taxa. 2. The arrangements of vascular bundles in the cross-sections of hypocotyls or epicotyls were almost all collateral types and generally showed generic characteristics differing one to the other. However, there were some variations between species within the genus. Six models of vascular bundle arrangement were proposed for all the above speices. 3. The rooting portions of hypocotyl and epicotyl cuttings in this experimental materials can be grouped as follows: (1) Interfascicular parenchyma; (Thuja orientalis. T. orientalis for. sieboldii, Acer microsieboldianum, A. palmatum, A. saccharinum, Cercis chinensis, Lespedeza bicolor, Magnolia obovata, M. sieboldii, Mallotus japonicus, Staphylea bumalda) (2) Cambial and phloem parenchyma: (Chamaecyparis obtusa, C. pisifera, Albizzia julibrissin, Buxus microphylla var. Koreana, Cereis chinensis, Euonymus japonica. Firmiana platanifolia, Lagerstroemia indica, Ligustrum salicinum, L. obtusifolium, Magnolia kobus, M. obovata, Mallotus japonicus, Morus alba, Poncirus trifoliata, Quercus myrsinaefolia, Rosa polyantha, Styrax japonica, Styrax obassia) (3) Primary ray tissues; (Euonymus japonica, Styrax japonica) (4) Leaf traces; (Quercus acutissima, Q. aliena) (5) Cortex parenchyma: (Ailanthus altissima) (6) Callus tissues; (Castanea crenata, Quercus aliena, Q. myrsinaefolia, Q. serrata) 4. As a general tendency throughout the species studied, in hypocotyl cuttings, the adventitious root primordia were originated from the interfascicular parenchyma tissue, however, leaf traces and callus tissues were contributed to the root primordia formation in epicotyl cuttings. The hypocotyl cuttings of Ailanthus altissima exhibited a special performance in the root primordia formation, this means that cortex parenchyma was participated to the origin tissue. And in Firmiana platanifolia, differening from the other most species, the root primordia were formed at the phloem parenchyma adjacent outwardly to xylem tissue of vascular bundle system as shown photo. 48. 5. All the easy-to, or difficult-to root species developed adventitious roots in vials filled with distilled water. In the difficult-to-root species, however, root formations seemed to be delayed because they almost all had selerenchyma or phloem fiber which gave some mechanical hindrance to protrusion of root primordia. On the other hand, in the easyto-root species they seemed to form them more easily because they did not have the said tissues. The rooting portions between easy-to-root and difficult-to-root species have not clearly been distinguished, and they have multitudinous variations. 6. The species structured with the more vascular bundles in number compared with the less vascular bundles exhibited delayed rooting. In the cuttings preparation, the proximal end of cuttings was closer to root-to-stem transition region, the adventitious root formation showed easier. 7. A different case occured however with the mature stem cuttings, in both the needle-leaved and the broad-leaved species. In the hypocotyl cuttings, parenchymatous tissues sited near the vascular bundles become the most frequent root forming portions in general and relevant distinctions between both species were hardly recognizable. 8. In the epicotyl
단풍나무류의 배축삽수 (胚軸揷穗) 발근에 (發根) 관한 연구
최만봉 ( Man Bong Choi ) 한국산림과학회 1979 한국산림과학회지 Vol.42 No.1
In order to observe the anatomical phenomena of root formation in the hypocotyl cuttings of maples, the hypocotyls of Acer palmatum. Acer micro-sieboldianum, and Acer saccharinum were used as the materials. The rooted portions were sectioned by a microtom and doubly stained by safranin and fast green. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. A cross section structure of hypocotyl cuttings of Acer sp. is consist of epidermis, cortex, vascular bundle and pith from the outside. The vascular bundle makes circular shape forming polyarch in A. saccharinum and tetrarch in both A. palmatum and A. micro-sieboldianum. 2. An adventitious root of A. saccharinum originated in phloem parenchyma, while that of A. palmalum and A. micro-sieboldianum originated in interfascicular parenchyma related with phloem cells. 3. The hypocotyl cuttings of Acer sp. is commonly composed of parenchyma tissue having vigorous differentiation capability. Therefore, the originated root grow easily through the cortex and epidermis breaking their tissues.