광합성 세균에 의한 암모늄 및 인산염 제거

천미희 東亞大學校 1993 국내석사

This study has been carried out to provide basic data of photosynthetic bacteria(PSB) using Rhodopseudomonas sphaerids 1425 which are found sewage and wastewater in general. They were investigated that the experiments of growth curve on synthetic artificial wastewater of various COD concentration and removal efficiencies of ammoniun nitrogen, phosphate ion and chemical oxygen demand(COD). The results from these experiments are as followings : 1. In basic culture, Rhodopseudomonas sphaerides 1425 had the most growth rate at COD 6000㎎ per liter artificial synthetic wastewater added yeast extract 0.1 gram per liter in aerobic-light. 2. In application experiment to reactor, the most removal efficiencies of ammonium nitrogen were: 86.5 percent in COD loading rate 2.0 kg/㎥ㆍd, HRT 24 hour at aerobic-light reactor,75.3 percent in COD loading rate 6.0kg/㎥ㆍd, HRT 8.0 hour at anaerobic-light reactor, 44.1 percent in COD loading rate 6.0kg/㎥ㆍd, HRT 8 hour at anaerobic-dark reactor, 58.5 percent in COD loading rate 4.0 kg/m3ㆍd, HRT 12 hour at aerobic-dark reactor. 3. In application experiment to reactor, removal efficiencies of COD were the best about 91.3 percent at aerobic-light reactor and of phosphaate ion were inanimate below 20 percent at all reactors.

폐수중의 selenium 분석 및 처리

천미희 부경대학교 대학원 2003 국내박사

Quality Control of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. by Solid-phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Principal Component Analysis

천미희 경희대학원 2010 국내석사

A simple and rapid gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was developed for the determination of essential oils in the crude extract of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. (Sch.t.Briq.) To detect volatile compounds in Sch.t.Briq. headspace solid-phase microextraction GC/MS was preferentially applied. Total 21 volatile compounds were observed by SPME-GC/MS and then 5 major compounds among them were selected as marker compounds. The contents of these marker compounds were about above 78% against total amounts of volatile compounds in Sch.t.Briq. Five volatile compounds as marker compounds were isolated from Sch.t.Briq. for the quality control of herbal medicine. Various extraction techniques such as solvent extraction, steam distillation, and sonication were evaluated, and the greatest efficiency was observed with sonication extraction using petroleum ether. The dynamic range of the GC/MS method depended on the specific analyte, and acceptable quantitation was obtained between 10 and 1000 ?gmL-1 for menthone and pulegone, and between 2.5 and 75.0 ?gmL-1 for 2-hydroxy-2-isopropenyl-5-methylcyclohexanone, cis-pulegone oxide and schizonal. The method was deemed satisfactory by inter- and intra-day validation and exhibited both high accuracy and precision (relative standard deviation < 10%). Overall limits of detection and quantitation were approximately 0.40-0.50 ?gmL-1 at a standard deviation (?)-to-calibration slope (s) ratio (?/s) of 3 and were about 2.5 ?gmL&#8722;1 at a ?/s of 10. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were performed on the analytical data of different Sch.t.Briq. samples in order to classify samples collected from different regions. 한약재는 매우 다양한 성분으로 구성되어 있으며, 주요 효능을 나타내는 생리활성 성분에 대하여 정확히 규명하기 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 한약재의 품질관리 과학화를 위하여 대상 한약재 형개의 지표성분에 대한 GC/MS 다성분 동시 분리 분석법 개발 및 분석법 검증에 의한 산지별 구분을 위한 PCA를 수행하였다. 한약재 형개에서 정유성분을 추출 분리해 내기 위하여 SPME-GC/MS법으로 21종의 휘발성 성분을 확인하였다. 확인된 성분들은 형개에서 78% 이상의 함량을 차지하는 것으로 확인하였다. 한약재 형개에서 확인된 21종의 정유성분들 중 지표성분으로 설정한 monoterpene 계열의 5종 성분 ((+)-menthone, 2-hydroxy-2-isopropenyl-5-methylcyclohexanone, cis-pulegone oxide, 8-hydroxy-p-menthen-3-one)과 내부표준물질 1,4-dimethoxybenzene를 대상으로 석유에테르 용매를 사용하여 다양한 추출방법 (용매 추출방법, 증류 추출방법, 초음파 추출방법)을 비교 수행하였다. 지표성분의 함량 차이와 시간 소요 등을 비교 검토하여 설정 되어진 초음파 추출방법으로 GC/MS 다성분 동시 분리 분석법 조건을 확립하였다. 분석용 컬럼은 DB-5MS컬럼 (30 × 0.25 m × 0.25 &micro;m film)을 사용하였고 GC 분리관 온도는 80 ℃에서 130 ℃까지 5 ℃/min씩 승온시킨 후 130 ℃에서 280 ℃까지 분당 20 ℃/min 씩 승온하여 총 10분 안에 빠른 시간 내에 용리가 일어날 수 있도록 진행시켰다. 확립한 분석 조건의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 직선성 (linearity), 검출한계 (limit of detection), 정량한계 (limit of quantification), 일내 (intra-day)와 월간 (inter-day)의 정확도 (accuracy) 및 정밀도 (precision)에 대한 method validation을 수행하였다. 시중 유통품 형개 시료를 추출하여 GC/MS로 각 지표성분을 검출하여 정량 분석 및 비교 분석을 하였다. 주성분 분석법 (principal component analysis, PCA)과 군집 계통수 (cluster dendrogram)의 통계분석을 이용하여 지역별에 따른 지표성분의 함량 모니터링을 수행하였다. 함량 패턴 분석은 중국산과 국내산, 지역별과 산지별에 대한 판정 및 한약재에 대한 품질 평가에 활용 될 수 있다.

심상치료가 보호시설 노숙인의 사회 회피 및 불안감소에 미치는 영향 : 심상치료 치료작업 C모델로 다룬 실험연구

천미희 명지대학교 2006 국내석사

본 연구는 노숙인의 사회 회피 및 불안의 극복에 심상치료가 어떠한 영향을 주는가를 살펴보기 위해 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 살펴보고자 하는 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 심상치료를 통하여 노숙인의 사회 회피 및 불안 정도가 감소하는가? 본 연구는 서울의 한 노숙인 보호시설에서 직업재활교육생으로 거주하는 실험 집단 9명과 통제집단 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 실험집단에는 2006년 3월 27일에서 2006년 5월 22일까지 일주일에 1회 1회기 당 180분씩, 총 8회기의 집단심상치료 치료작업 C 모델을 진행하였다. 본 연구에서 노숙인의 사회 회피 및 불안 정도를 측정하기 위해 Watson과 Friend(1969)가 제작한 척도를 최정훈과 이정윤(1994)이 우리 나라 실정에 맞게 번안한 사회적 회피 및 불안 척도(Social Avoidence and Distress Scale : SADS)를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS(11.0version)통계 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 심상치료를 통하여 노숙인의 사회 회피 및 불안의 정도가 감소하였으나 통계적으로는 유의미하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 노숙인의 사회 회피 불안의 감소에 심상치료가 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으나 통계적으로는 유의미하지 않는 것으로 평가되었다.

응급실 간호사의 의사결정 과정에 관한 연구

천미희 경상대학교 2005 국내석사

This study is an exploratory study to identify and describe decision making process & its related factors of emergency department nurses. The subjects were 88 emergency department nurses working at six university hospitals from four city. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and unstructured questionnaire from March, 2005 to April, 2005. The data were analyzed using Frequency, average, standard deviation, repeated ANOVA, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by SPSS/PC+ Windows(version 10.0). Contents of decision making were analysed by content analysis. The results were as follows. 1. The total mean score of occurrence in decision making scenario was 4.05(range 1-5). 2. The total mean score of urgency in decision making was 4.34(range 1-5). 3. The total mean score of complexity in decision making was 2.91(range 1-5). 4. The degree of participation of emergency department nurses in decision making was the average 3.25(range 1-6), 3.50 in the identification stage, 3.14 in the design stage, 3.11 in the selection stage. As the decision making progressed the degree of participation was decreased gradually(F=27.668, p<.001). 5. The degree of satisfaction in decision making was the average 3.25(range 1-5), 3.24 in the identification stage, 3.25 in the selection stage. There were no significant differences between satisfaction each stage. 6. The degree of occurrence in decision making was significantly correlated with the urgency(r=.433, p=.000), participation (r=.268, p=.011), and satisfaction(r=.269, p=.011) in decision making. The degree of participation in decision making was significantly correlated with the degree of satisfaction in decision making(r=.659, p=.000). 7. The degree of complexity in decision making the emergency department nurses perceived was significantly different by education (F=3.161, p=.047). There were significantly differences between the degree of participation in decision making (F=4.340, p=.007) and the degree of satisfaction in decision making(F=2.751, p=.048) according to emergency department-working career. 8. Examining the content of decision making by each stage, the subjective and objective data was collected in the stage of identification. By using the collected data the problem of patients could deduce one more than medical diagnosis and the suitable diagnosis in most of scenario situations. The doctor-oriented intervention was largely used in the design and selection stage and the intervention method mentioned already was suitable to solve the problem of patient in each scenario situation but unfortunately the degree of participation of nurses was low. 9. The clinical experience was the most important factor to facilitate decision making. The working career in the emergency department, prompt connection with the physician in charge, knowledge, the advice of co-worker and senior nurse, the cooperative relation with doctor were also important in order. The over-work was the most obstacle in decision making. The delay contact with doctor in charge, insufficiency of time and clinical experience, uncertainty and complication on the content of decision making, the lack of knowledge were disturbing factors in order as well. In conclusion, the participation of the emergency department decision making process was lower than that of medical, surgical, and intensive care unit nurses and was reduced by progressing from identification to selection stage. Also, the more participated nurse in decision making, the more satisfied nurse was. By the content of decision making each stage, emergency department nurses made more and less suitable decision to solve problem but the participation of the nurse was low each stage. The knowledge and clinical experience of the nurse was the facilitating factor for the main decision making, but the overwork and the delay of contact with doctors was the main obstacle. Therefore, it is recommended that the continuous education to enhance the knowledge and clinical experience be executed to facilitate the participation of decision making and the overwork of emergency department nurses be reduced by the hospital. The positive participation of the emergency department nurse in decision making will help enhance the quality of caring of emergency department patient.