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오일스네어에 대한 오일 흡착기준 정립 및 고시방향 연구
진영민,유주영,최상선,주아람,이준혁,이순홍 한국안전학회 2019 한국안전학회지 Vol.34 No.6
In South Korea, the enact of Korean Coast Guard Act-1 manages physical and chemical oil-dispersants. Oil snare, which is made of polypropylene, is newly added to the aforementioned act, and it has advantage on the ease of recovery compare to other adsorbents. This study synthesized bunker B-oil with diesel-oil and bunker C-oil to perform an adsorption test based on three samples which were manufactured in South Korea. As a result, adsorption test revealed 5.2 g/g more adsorption than the previous results from the act. Additional toluene test revealed that all the samples satisfied 90.0%, however coloured samples could release its pigment on the marine environment. Thus, colorless samples are recommended on the risk management of marine accidents. The study on the basic direction of the calculation of the test items and the standard value for the quality control of the oil snare was also carried out.
진영민,조윤재 한국상고사학회 2020 한국상고사학보 Vol.107 No.107
The Chinese jar burial emerged in the Neolithic Period, and coming into the Warring States period and the Qin and Han periods, the practice became prevalent as it increased in quality. The contemporary jar burial, which centered in Beijing and Hebei, spread to Shanxi, Henan, Tianjin, Shandong, Liaoning, and Neimeng, and was also found in some parts midstream the Yangzi River. The jar coffin tombs are classified by their mode of combination into single jar, double jar, and multiple jar. The majority of the earthenware used for jar burial belonged to the residential earthenware of the same sort as was unearthed from the residential sites. The general practice was the lateral placement of a jar coffin in an oblong pit. However, Shanjiang lying midstream the Yangzi River registers a huge difference from Zhoungyuan, in that the former mostly adopted a vertically placed single-jar coffin. Jar burial sites do not show any archeological vestiges of mourning and burial rituals. In very few cases, however, some sites include the traces of a coffin system and burial of multiple bodies in a tomb. The analysis of the human bones found in jar coffin toms confirmed that an absolute majority of the buried bodies were those of children. The adoption of jar burial for the dead children is presumed to be related to the practice of ‘Mubokjisang (無服之殤; the funeral for children aged 7 or younger that required no morning costumes) as suggested by the contemporary records. The vertically placed or jars joined by the mouth during the Warring States period gradually spread to east until they spilled over into the Korean Peninsula and the northern Kyushu in Japan. Thereafter, the practice underwent continuous transformation and development through exchange and contact with the local practices in different regions. 중국의 甕棺墓는 신석기시대부터 등장하였고, 이후 戰國·秦漢時代에 이르러 양적으로 증가하며유행하였다. 이 시대 옹관묘는 北京, 河北을 중심으로 분포하다가 陝西, 河南, 天津, 山東, 遼寧, 內蒙 古까지 확산되었으며, 關中 이남의 長江中流 일부 지역에서도 확인되고 있다. 옹관묘는 조합방식에 따라 單甕式, 합구식(二甕式), 多甕式으로 구분된다. 옹관으로 사용되었던 토기들은 대다수가 주거지에서 출토되는 것과 동일한 일상 생활토기이다. 일반적으로 옹관은 장방형 수혈의 묘광 안에 橫置로 안치하지만, 長江流域의 峽江地域에서는 直置의 단옹식 옹관묘가 주로 사용되어서 중원지역의 것과는 큰 차이를 나타내고 있다. 옹관묘에서는 喪葬儀禮의 고고학적 흔적이 거의 보이지 않는다. 그러나 극히 일부의 사례이지만, 棺槨制度와 合葬의 흔적이 남아 있는 것도 존재한다. 옹관묘에서 발견된 인골들의 분석을 통해 보면, 피장자는 절대다수가 아동인 것으로 확인되었다. 당시 사망한 아동의 葬具로 옹관이 사용된 이유는 문헌에 기록된 ‘無服之殤’과 관련이 있을 것으로 추정된다. 전 국시대의 횡치·합구식 옹관묘는 시간이 흐름에 따라서 점차 동쪽으로 확산되었고, 한반도와 일본 북부 九州지역까지 직·간접적인 영향을 주었다. 이후 각 지역의 재지문화와 교류· 접변의 과정을 거쳐서 변화와 발전을 거듭하였다.
Correlations Between Alkali and Crystallinity in lyocell-Based ACF Probed with X-Ray Diffraction
진영민,이준혁,최상선 대한금속·재료학회 2020 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.58 No.7
This study examined the effect of alkalis on lyocell-based activated carbon fibres (ACFs) with high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas, using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Here, alkali treatments were conducted using 10 ~ 25 % NaOH and KOH on lyocell samples for 3 h at ambient room temperature. A secondary treatment with 4 % each of KOH and H3PO4 for an additional 3 h followed. An activated form of the samples was prepared by oxidation (stabilisation), carbonisation, and activation. The final ACF form of the samples showed a porous structure with high BET surface areas (> 1,000 m2 g-1). A 25 % dosage of NaOH produced the highest BET surface area compared to other samples. In terms of crystallinity, a 15 % dosage of KOH was found to be the optimum dosage to secure the highest degree of crystallinity among all samples. Meanwhile, the NaOH was successfully shifted the samples into the most distinct form of cellulose II. 15 % NaOH was found to secure the most stable thermal characteristics, as determined via thermo-gravimetric analysis. The present work demonstrates the various physio-chemistries of ACFs prepared with different proportions and types of alkalis, leading to intriguing potential applications.