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Ootimization of Mekium Components for Lactic Acid Production
조윤경,조규홍,홍승서,이현수,Cho, Yun-Kyung,Cho, Kyu-Hong,Hong, Seung-Suh,Lee, Hyun-Soo 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1995 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.23 No.1
Medium components for lactic acid production were optimized with a strain of Lactobacillus sp., isolated by our Lab. Nitrogen source was the key component and manganese ion was also important for lactic acid production in this strain. Optimal concentration of manganese ion was 0.03 g/l as MnSO$_{4}$ 4 - 5 H$_{2}$O base. Other mineral elements, however, had little effect on it. Among the nitrogen sources we examined, yeast extract showed the highest productivity. Yeast extract, the exellent but very expensive medium component, could be partially replaced by soytone until 60% dry base with higher productivity, or by tryptone enforced with vitamines and nucleic acids. In order to replace yeast extract completely, we examined several inexpensive nitrogen sources and their enzymatic hydrolyzates. The hydrolyzate of vital wheat gluten was the best of them.
최근 작업치료(OT)의 의료보험 삭감요인에 대한 대처방안 연구
조윤경,최병옥,김종대,Cho, Yun-Kyoung,Choi, Byung-Ok,Kim, Jong-Dae 대한물리치료과학회 2003 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Under the present occupational therapy 6 items of overall coverage objects of health insurance are being applied and among them, only 3 items including the simple therapy, complex therapy, and special therapy can be demanded in the hospital. The treatment for Activities of Daily Living(ADL), Oral Motor Exercise and Functional Electrical Stimulation(FES) is exempted from an issue of reduction object, because it was covered 100% by the person himself. The reason why there are a lot of reduction factors is attributed mainly to vagueness of criteria and lack of exact understanding between therapists of insurance-applied hospitals. The reduction factors are characterized to confine them to only special treatment which demands the highest insurance cost claimed and to be applied without consideration of treatment times or days of hospital treatment. Moreover, the 56.38%, rate of reduction results from its uniform application based on willful convenience of health insurance not on embodiment of criteria or characteristics of various type of patients.
조윤경 ( Yun Kyung Cho ) 한국기호학회 2009 기호학연구 Vol.26 No.-
This thesis`s approach to exploring technoimagination is different from the traditional concept that it embodies imagination using technology. First, technoimagination is an imagination empowered by technology. Technology is implemented by imagination on one hand, but it sometimes sparks imagination on the other hand. The latter one is far more meaningful technoimagination for our times. Second, technoimagination is prompted by the in-between space or combination of technology and art. In this case, technology is more than a tool and goes beyond mere instrumentality. Third, technoimagination is provoked by the in-between space or fusion of technology and human beings. It refers to posthuman imagination where human bodies are not the ones that control technology, but become technology itself. Posthuman raises a question on such binary oppositions as human being versus machine and human being versus technology, and encourages reflection on what life means to us. Technoimagination in an era of posthuman and post-nature tends to transcend the boundary of lives that we are familiar with, and calls for a shift of conventional paradigm among human being, art and technology. Imagination has been considered a territory of human beings, but technoimagination expands the territory to the point where human beings and technology are combined. Technoimagination presumes that machines are not tools or instruments but independent entities, and focuses on not representing, but shaping and transforming the world. In this sense, the creation involves collaboration between human beings and creators, and machines and creators, and the human beings-creators are not the ones to make, but to let the machines-creators function and to watch their creations proceeding. Posthuman technoimagnation ultimately aims at uniting creators, creations and audience by making human beings parts of creations. Technoimagination turns knowledge into `immersed experience`, and therefore brought changes that lead my self and others to share our `bodies` and allow the world to be gradually absorbed into the inside of human beings. The fact that human beings and reality are `augmented` through technoimagination (posthuman and augmented reality, respectively) does not mean the strengthening of human beings and reality. It means that human beings and reality are getting confusing because my self and others, virtuality and reality, and imagination and experience appear overlapped. In an age of Nano, Bio, Information, Cognitive Technologies-continue to be changed, advanced and converged, nobody can predict which directions technoimagination will head toward. Yet one thing is clear; Technoimagination is accelerating cultural evolution with an emphasis on complexity, emergence, and autopoiesis. Technoimagination holds undefined potentials. If we are transhuman in a time of transition to becoming posthuman, we should not be indiscriminately hostile toward the combination of human beings and technology, and of art and technology. We have to be rational and proactively seek for the undefined potentials.