http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
일부 도시 영세지역 노인들의 영양상태와 관련인자에 관한 연구
조봉수,김돈균,이수일,조병만,김영욱,고광욱,Cho, Bong-Soo,Kim, Don-Kyoun,Lee, Su-Ill,Cho, Byung-Mann,Kim, Young-Ook,Koh, Kwang-Wook 대한예방의학회 1995 예방의학회지 Vol.28 No.1
부산시 해운대구 반송2동 운봉 영구임대 아파트에 거주하는 60세 이상의 노인 135명 (남자 36명, 여자 99명), 기타 지역에 거주하는 일반가정의 60세 이상 노인 136명(남자 45명, 여자 91명)을 대상으로 1994년 3월부터 8월까지 6개월에 걸쳐 영양섭취 상태 및 관련 요인들을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 대상자의 일반특징 두 지역에서 성별 분포와 연령의 평균치에는 차이가 없었으며 소득수준의 경우 유의한 차이가 있어서 대상지역이 영세지역을 나타내고 대조지역이 일반가정을 나타낸다는 가정은 충족되었다. 2. 영양섭취에 관련된 요인 지난 한 해 동안의 입원 여부나 위장관계 질환, 음주, 흡연은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 만성질환, 투약, 비타민제 복용, 건강인식상태 등은 유의한 차이를 보여 일부 요인에 있어 대상지역의 건강관련상태가 더 나쁜 것으로 나타났다. 3. 영양소 섭취 상태 일부 항목은 권장량을 초과하는 것도 있으나 대부분의 영양소는 섭취량이 부족하였고, 더욱이 대조지역과 비교할 때 영양상태가 유의하게 낮아 소득수준을 포함한 경제수준의 차이가 영양상태를 나타낸다는 가설을 증명할 수 있었다. 4. 식생활 관련 지식과 행동 식생활관련 지식의 경우 유의하게 대상지역이 낮았으나 행동의 경우 큰 차이가 없었다. 이는 소득 수준이 행동에 영향을 준다고 가정한 가설에 어긋나는 결과로 교육수준 등 다른 교란변수들이 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 볼 수 있었다. 5. 영양소 섭취에 영향을 미치는 인자 영양소 섭취에 영향을 미치는 주된 인자는 교육과 소득, 식생활 관련 지식이었으며, 대상지역의 경우 식생활 관련 지식이 영양섭취에 영향을 미쳐, 영양상태의 개선을 위해 영세지역의 노인들을 대상으로 한 올바른 식지식에 대한 교육이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study was carried out to analyze the food intake and associated factors of the urban poor elderly by comparing poor district, Unbong rental apartment in Bansong 2 dong with other areas in Pusan. 135 elderlies(men 36, women 99) in Unbong rental apartment, 136 elderlies(men 45, women 91) in the other areas were investigated during the period of March to August in 1994. The assumption that the study area represented poor district was satisfied because the age and sex distribution was not significantly different, and the income of the study area was significantly lower than that of the control area. The variables of hospitalized in previous 12 month, gastrointestinal problem, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking did not differ significantly. But the variables of chronic disease, take medicine, perceived health, vitamin supplement differed significantly between two groups. Therefore some factors associated with health state in the study area are worse than those of the control area. At most of all variables, nutrients intake of the study area did not reach the recommended dietary allowances(RDA) for Koreans, and that nutrient intakes of the study area were significantly lower than those of the control area. The hypothesis of this study that nutrient status depends on economical status was proved. As for the score of nutritional knowledge, the study area was significantly lower than the control area. But as for the score of nutritional behavior, two areas were not significantly different. The latter is counter result of our hypothesis, owing to the effect of the confounding factors including education etc. As for the correlation of variables, not only economic status and educational level, but the score of nutritional knowledge effects strongly on nutrient status in the study area, the poor district. Therefore, adequate nutritional education to the elderly in e poor district should be considered.
하부 경추 손상 환자에대한 수술적 치료 : 금속판 내고정술을 중심으로 Metal Internal Immobilization
조봉수,박화성,김상용,이동렬 대한신경외과학회 1994 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.23 No.12
The purposes of treatment in lower c e M d spinal injuries' are maintenance of spinal stability and neural decompression. Anterior and posterior intervertebral body fusion have been advocated by various authors for management of several varieties of fracture and fracturedislocation of the lower cervical spine. Recently, internal immobilization with osteosynthetic plate and screw is widely used. The authors approached anteriorly or posteriorly with consideration of radiol@d findings and injury mechanisms. Of these total 20 cases, anterior fusion was done in 14 cases, posterior fusion in 3 cases and decompressive laminectomy in 3 cases. cervical body plate was used in 14 cases, interlaminar clamp in 3 cases. The mults were as follows : 1) The 12 of 20 patients showed neurological improvement at discharge. 2) Early ambulation with Philadelphia brace was possible in all 17 cases of c e M d body plate and interlaminar clamp. 3) The one case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage resulted from dura tearing due to screw fixation, and 1 case of death was due to pneumonia, who was admission grade A and was treated by decompressive laminectomy only. 4) All but expired case did not show spinal deformity and nonunion
후방 접근술을 통한 천미골부 척삭종의 제거술 : 치험 1례 보고 A Case Report
조봉수,박화성,김상용,이동렬 대한신경외과학회 1994 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.23 No.11
Chordomas are malignant tumors arising from the remnants of the embryonic notochord. These remnants may be situated in any of the intervertebral discs and in the region of the sphenooccipital or sacrococcygeal articulations. Chordomas may occur at the base of the skull and along the entire length of the vertebral column, the most common site being sacrococcygeal region. As local invasion rather than distant metastasis is common, complete surgical removal is almost impossible. Preservation of sacral stability and sacral nerve pathways to the rectum and the bladder limits the extent of permissable surgery. This report describes a case of chordoma in sacrococcygeal region removed via postMior approach.
Positioning of a Mobile Robot Based on Odometry and a New Ultrasonic LPS
조봉수,서우진,문우성,백광렬 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2013 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.11 No.2
Odometry is a method that calculates the position and heading angle of a mobile robot using encoders attached to the wheels of the robot. Errors in the position and heading angle in odometry continuously increase as the operating time and moving distance increase. The solution to overcome these accumulated errors is to periodically compensate with the external absolute position information. An ultrasonic local positioning system (LPS) consists of multiple ultrasonic transmitters located in the environment and an ultrasonic receiver. In this study, ultrasonic transmitters are in a line at one side, and four transmitters are grouped for a coverage area. In order to measure the time of flights (TOFs) for an ultrasonic signal, the receiver predicted the transmitted time from each transmitter using a hyperbolic model. Four transmitters emit ultrasonic signals sequentially, and then the receiver calculates the position using the present measured distance and the pre-measured distance. In order to extend the distance that is measured, the receiver collects the ultrasonic signal and executes cross correlation with a sinusoidal signal. The measured distance data of the previous step causes the position error. This error is compensated for by the predicted distance data using a bilinear interpolation method. An extended Kalman filter is designed to combine odometry, a compass sensor, and an ultrasonic LPS. The proposed system provides reliable and accurate position and heading information, regardless of the operating time and moving distance.
다중 코드 초음파와 전파 신호 강도를 이용한 거리 측정
조봉수(Bong-Su Cho),김필수(Phil Soo Kim),문우성(Woo-sung Moon),백광렬(Kwang Ryul Baek) 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.17 No.2
This paper reveals a distance estimation algorithm based on multi-code ultrasonic and wireless sensor network. For measuring the distances among the sensor nodes, each ultrasonic transmitter transmits multi-code ultrasonic signal simultaneously. Receivers use cross correlation method to separate the coded signals. The information of measured distances is broadcasted to each sensor node by wireless sensor network. The wireless sensor network measures the distance among the sensor nodes using the received signal strength of the broadcasting. The multi-code ultrasonic have a limitation of measurable distance. And the received signal strength is affected from an environment. This paper measures a distance using ultrasonic and a received signal strength in short range. These measured data are applied to the least square estimation algorithm. By the expansion of the fitting curve, a distance measurement in long range using the received signal strength is compensated. The coupled system reduce the error to an acceptable level.