영어 약탈·제거 동사구문의 통시적 고찰

조병태 한국영어학학회 2000 영어학연구 Vol.- No.10

人間中心의 經營시스템에 관한 考察

趙炳泰 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1991 經營論叢 Vol.12 No.-

영어 문장부사로서의 epithet adverbs와 관련구문의 고찰

조병태 서울대학교 교양과정부 1973 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

본 논문의 의도는 영어 문장부사로서의 소위 epithet adverbs 와 이에 관련된 여러 구문의 성질을 통사론적 및 의미론적으로 고찰하는데 있다. 여기서 epithet adverbs 란 흔히들 양대부사(manner adverbs)와 동일한 것으로 간주하나 분명히 구문상으로나 의미상으로나 구별이 된다. 후자는 주로 문장내의 동사와 깊이 관련을 맺고 있는 word-modifying adverbs의 일종임에 비해서 전자는 문자의 주어와 아울러 문장전체의 의미에 영향을 미치는 sentence modifying adverbs의 한 종류에 속한다. 문장(1)을 검토해본다.

영어의 저주어에 관한 고찰

趙炳泰 서울대학교 어학연구소 1982 語學硏究 Vol.18 No.1

This paper aims (1) to capture some properties of swear­words in contemporary English and (2) to find out reasons why English­speaking people have been making predominant use of sexual and scatological oaths, especially since the 1960’s, instead of the oaths derived mainly from religious swear­words, which were persistently uttered previous to World War Ⅱ. The following are what Ⅰ have found out in this paper. With a drastic decline in authority of Christianity and of the Bible, English­speaking people, who take no longer religious oath seriously, turn to sexual and scatalogical oaths for swearing so that they may relieve their feelings with a frightful curse or may display hostile and contemptuous attitudes to the established society. Swear­words have the same quality as slang, because once over­used for a considerable period of time, they come to lose their vivid novelty, tending to be replaced by another new expression concerned. What is a remarkable fact about swear­words, from a grammatical viewpoint is that although the vocabulary items vary from age to age or from person to person, the grammatical constructions and collocational patterns, where swear­words perform their exclamatory function and combine with other words, always remain scarcely unchanged. Swear­words have such a syntactic property as they tend to place in the medial position of the sentence (or of the word), functioning as an infix to the main word (or to the main syllable), foretelling the strong­stressed key element in the sentence(or the word). Some swear­words, which consist of weakly­stressed two words, usually either precede the primary stressed syllable of monosyllabic or disyllabic Anglo­Saxon words, or are inserted right before the primary stressed syllable of polysyllabic Latin, French, or Greek loan words. This phonological property gives another piece of evidence that swear­words are a kind of infix in English. Thanks to the frequent use of English phrasal verb expressions, one encounters profuse examples of such verb­phrase patterns as ‘fuck_2+around/up/off’, whose verb meaning has nothing to do with the original meaning of the verb fuck_1. In this verb­phrase pattern, fuck_2, which is weak­stressedly pronounced, takes on the figurative meaning, functioning as a pseudo­verb, and acts as an infix to the following adverbial particles (off, up, around), which play more essential roles in pronunciaiton as well as in meaning of the verb­adverbial particle construction.

영어의 代不定詞 to에 관한 연구

趙炳泰 서울대학교 어학연구소 1989 語學硏究 Vol.25 No.3

This paper deals with the syntactic properties of the so-called pro-infinitive to in present-day English from the standpoint of catenative verbs of English, which have recently been subsumed under English verbs by some English grammarians. Instead of the clumsy to do so, the frequent use of to as the pro-infinitive to, which has been on the rapid increase especially in colloquialism since the middle of the 19th century, is a clear indication that the infinitive marker to does not form an inseparable unit with the following verb-phrase. In this paper the writer presents five pieces of convincing evidence that the pro-infinitive to belongs to the preceding verb (i.e. the fist part of the catenative verb) more closely than to the following deleted verb-phrase and suggests some substantial revisions in the description of the ellipsis in to infinitive clauses of Quirk et al.(1989:12.64). This paper is an empirical study that aims to verify the necessity for the proposition of catenative verbs in contributing to a clear explanation of the properties of the pro-infinitive to in English.

영어에 나타난 gesture와 그 표현

조병태 서울대학교 교양과정부 1970 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

사람이 자기의 생각과 감정을 남에게 표시하는데 있어 언어가 제1차적인 요소임은 말할 나위도 없으나, 사람의 의사 소통은 언어행위만이 유일한 작용이 아니며, 여기에는 얼굴표정 및 손짓이나 몸짓등의 gesture와 음성어조(vocalization)가 동반하여 비로소 이루어지는 것이다.(1) 따라서 이 두요소의 작용이 따르지 않는 의사 소통에서는 생생한 실감이 없는 점을 Edward Hall은 아래와 같이 논술하고 있다. One of the most highly elaborate forms of interaction is speech, which is reinforced by tone of voice and gesture. 언어행위에 있어 gisture가 얼마나 큰 역할을 하고 있는 지는 언어의 기원을 gesture Ianguages에 두고 주장하는 학자들이 있는 점에서도 쉽게 알 수 있다.

미국영어 구어체 표현의 연구

조병태 서울대학교 1996 영학논집 Vol.21 No.-

孔子思想의 經營學的 硏究

趙炳泰,梁基倫 한국기업경영학회 1996 기업경영연구 Vol.3 No.1

Nowadays Korean firms are faced with new challenges and rapidly changing business environments, therefore it is inevitable for them to establish a new overall management system to maintain survival and growth by ensuring worldwide competitive position. The new system should have characteristics of being interrelated, silf-controlled, adaptive to contingency, and creative, while conventional system is rigid, mechanical, hierarchical, and authoritarian. The characteristics of the new system are based on the premise that objectives and problems solving oriented way of thinking and high attitude toward self-actualization and work are integral parts to motivate employees so that enhance firms` performances. This paper suggests a system based on the idea of Confucius. Management system based on the idea of Confucius is horizontal, human loving, moral, and anthropocentric and they seek optimality. The suggested management system is desirable and efficient dues to the presumption that human beings must be respected and they possess morality, unlimited possibility, self-control, and decision making ability rather than selfish economic and mechanical. The view that human beings must be respected is the basis of management by virture, justice, equity, humanity, participation, the golden mean, and adaptability to contingency. meanwhile, management by control, regulation, and severity is rooted on selfish economic and mechanical man. The new management system based on the idea of Confucius will contribute to the management of Korean firms in several ways; first, satisfying high level needs of employees who seek a work place to achieve desirable life and self-actualization. second, coordinating interests of deverse groups and that make sure the basis of survival and growth by enhanced trusts from society. third, improving international competitiveness toward the best company in the world.

Predicate의 제약에 관하여

趙炳泰 동국대학교 영어영문학과 1974 Dongguk review Vol.- No.5-6

본 논문에서 필자가 의도한 바는 영어의 소위 predicate로서 사용되는 형용사와 명사가 지닌 구문 및 의미상의 제약을 밝히는데 있다. 동일한 술어가 학자에 따라 여러 의미로 사용됨은 다 아는 현상이나 이 predicate도 광의로 쓰이는 경우와 협의로 사용되는 경우 큰 차이가 나는데, 본 논문에서는 가장 협의로 해석한 경우인 copula에 의해서 주어에 대한 서술을 완결시키는 명사 및 형용사, 즉 소위 subjective complement를 주로 취급하겠으나, 경우에 따라 factitive verb (make, call, think, etc.)에 의해서 주어 또는 목적어의 敍述을 완전히 하는 명사, 형용사--이 경우에는 Otto Jespersen은 전자에 대한 predicative란 용어와는 별도로 dependent nexus 또는 nexus-object의 한 형태로 a simple collocation of a primary and its adnex로 서술한다-- 즉 소위 objective complement도 predicate로 인정하고 논술하겠다. Chomsky는 Aspects(1965:107)에서 다음과 같은 규칙을 제시하였다. Chomsky는 Aspects(1965:107)에서 다음과 같은 규칙을 제시하였다. Copula Predicate (ⅲ)VP (NP) (Prep-Phrase) (Prep-Phrase) (Manner) V S' Predicate (ⅳ)Predicate→ Adjective (like) Predicate-Nominal Chomsky의 predicate는 규칙 (ⅲ),(ⅳ)에 명시되어 있듯이 Copula-Predicate와 V-Predicate로 구분한 것으로 미뤄봐서 Chomsky는 copula로는 be만을 염두에 둔 듯하다. 필자는 반드시 Aspects 방식만을 신봉하는 것은 아니다. Lakoff(1965)와 Bach(1967) 등은 deep structure에 copula be를 인정치 않고 변형과정에 copula be를 삽입함을 주장하고 있으며, 또한 Ross(1967, 1966)는 본동사로서의 be를 deep structure에 존재함을 내세운다. 이런 학자들의 서로 다른 주장은 우선 접어두고 be를 본동사로 간주한 Ross의 주장에 대한 B J. Darden의 반론을 우선 제시한다. The argument which pertains to the presence of "be" in the deep structure is that of verb-verb constraints. Ross's examples use the verb "force," which requires a non-stative verb as the noun verb of its complement, and "seem," which with verb phrase promotion requires a stative verb. Thus "I forced him to learn the answer" is all right, but "He seems to learn the answer" is odd expcet in the iterative sense of 'learn'. "I forced him to know the answer" is odd, while "He seems to know the answer" is all right Likewise. *be sleeping "I forced him to *ahve slept *be allowed to leave" are all odd, while *be bald be sleeping "He seems to have slept be allowed to leave" are all normal. be bald According to Ross, the "be" of the progressive, the "have" of the perfect, the "be" of the passive and the copula "be" can be analyzed as true vervs with the feature +stative. Ross admits that some usages of the progressive and passive are -stative, but his analysis does account for the most normal usage. However, this analysis of the copula is simply false. The verb phrase "be bald" is -stative not because of the verb "be", but because of the adjective "bald". There is nothing at all odd about "I forced him to be heroic." "I forced him to be a boy" is odd, buyt "I forced him to be a hero" is perfectly normal. Verb-verb constraints apparently affect the adjective or noun in predicative position, ignoring the copula. Since the progressive and the passive and the both take the surface form of adjectival phrases, it is painfully easy to link the occurrence of "be" in these constructions with the occurrence of "be" with "bald." It is the progressive and passive constructions which are normally stative, not the auxiliary verb "be" Verb-verb constraints are supposed to affect only the next lowest verb. Since these constraints seem to ignore the copula, this is argument that the copula does not exist at the level of deep structure.

女性勤勞者의 作業環境管理에 관한 小考 : 특히 製造業從事者를 中心으로

趙炳泰 東亞大學校 1974 東亞論叢 Vol.11 No.2

Compared with men workers, women workers are physically weak and short of endurance in the continuation of job accomplishiment. They are also burdened with another important mission that they should achieve the functions of the mother for the rising generations. Thus, the importance of effective control of work enviroment for them is esphasized. However, the present job environments of women workers in the manufacturing industries are inefficiently organized and controlled. The gradual increase of occupational diseases and chances of industrial calamity in recent years demands direly the nation-wide policy that should protect the mothers or the mothers to be in their working situation and especially in the case of pregnancy and deliverly. Another bad situation for the women workers is that the drastic appearance of large scale manufactufuring industries in Korea since 1960’s has presented them the inefficient work environments. The writer has surveyed the achieval level of the work environment control for the women workers in the Busan area. The analyses and the suggestions of the improvements of the safety control, the saniation control, and the welfare control for the women workers in the area are the cores of the study. The regional data are compared with the nation-wide as well as world-wide data.