Polyethyleneimine-응축 BMP-2 발현 유전자를 이용한 골형성 효과

정희선,김경화,박윤정,김태일,이용무,구영,류인철,이동수,이승진,정종평,한수부,설양조,Cheong, Hee-Sun,Kim, Kyoung-Hwa,Park, Yoon-Jeong,Kim, Tae-Il,Lee, Yong-Moo,Ku, Young,Rhyu, In-Chul,Lee, Dong-Soo,Lee, Seung-Jin,Chung, Chong-Pyoung,Han, 대한치주과학회 2007 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.37 No.4

Naked DNA and standard vectors have been previously used for gene delivery. Among these, PEI can efficiently condense DNA and has high intrinsic endosomal activities. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the cationic polycation PEI could increase the transfection efficiency of BMP expressing DNA using a vector-loaded collagen sponge model. BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 plasmid was constructed by subcloning human BMP-2 cDNA into the pcDNA3.1 plasmid vector. PEI/DNA complexes were prepared by mixing PEI and BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 and the constructed complexes were loaded into the collagen sponges. In vitro studies, BMSCs were transfected with the PEI/BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 complexes from collgen sponge. The level of secreted BMP-2 and alkaline phosphatase activities of transfected BMSCs were significantly higher in PEI/BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 group than in BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 group (p<0.05). Transfected BMSCs were cultured and mineralization was observed only in cells treated with PEI/BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 complexes. In vivo studies, PEI/BMP-2/pcDNA3.1/collagen, BMP-2/pcDNA3.1/collagen and blank collagen were grafted in skeletal muscle of nude mice. Ectopic bone formation was shown in PEI/BMP-2/pcDNA3.1/collagen grafted mouse 4 weeks postimplantation, while not in BMP-2/pcDNA3.1 grafted tissue. This study suggests that PEI-condensed DNA encoding for BMP-2 is capable of inducing bone formation in ectopic site and might increase the transfection rate of BMP-2/pcDNA3.1. As a non-viral vector, PEI offers the potential in gene therapy for bone engineering.

Kainic Acid로 처리한 해마박편배양 마우스 간질모델에서 치아이랑 Parvalbumin 면역 반응성 사이신경세포의 형태학적 변화

정희선,신미영,김영훈,이인구,황경태,김명석,Chung, Hee Sun,Shin, Mi-Young,Kim, Young-Hoon,Lee, In-Goo,Whang, Kyung-Tai,Kim, Myung-Suk 대한소아청소년과학회 2002 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.45 No.12

목 적 : 중증 측두엽간질환자와 kainic acid(KA)로 처리한 측두엽간질 동물모델에서 해마 치아이랑의 사이신경세포가 소실된다. 측두엽간질 마우스모델인 마우스해마의 기관형 배양에 의한 KA 간질모델에서 parvalbumin(PV)항체를 이용한 면역조직화학법으로 치아이랑에 분포하는 PV 면역반응성 사이신경세포를 감별염색하여 세포체 및 그 가지돌기의 형태학적 변화를 관찰함으로써 측두엽간질의 병태생리의 일단을 규명하고자 한다. 방 법 : 실험적 간질 모델은 C57/BL6 마우스의 해마박편을 이용한 기관형 배양에서 $10{\mu}M$ KA 투여로 유발시켰으며, PV 항체를 이용한 광학현미경적 면역조직화학법으로 치아이랑에 분포하는 PV 면역반응성 사이신경세포를 감별염색하여 형태학적 차이를 관찰하였고, 또한 이들 세포의 세포수를 계측하고 KA처리 후 배양하면서 시간경과(8, 24, 48, 72시간)에 따라 PV 면역반응성 사이신경세포의 형태학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 결 과: KA 처리를 하지 않고 배양된 해마조직박편(대조군)의 치아이랑에서 PV 면역반응성 세포는 가지돌기 나무가 잘 발달되어 있고 사이신경세포로서 이들은 주로 과립층과 이층 밑의 다형층에 산재하였다. $10{\mu}M$ KA에 1시간 정도 노출되었을 때 PV 면역반응성 사이신경세포의 돌기에는 염주상이 형성되었고 가지돌기는 가늘어져 있었다. PV 면역반응성 사이신경세포는 KA 처리 후 배양액에서 KA를 제거한 뒤 시간이 경과함에 따라 형태학적 회복을 보여주었다. KA 제거 후 8시간 회복군에서 세포돌기의 염주상은 볼 수 없었으며 가지돌기는 가늘어져 있었다. KA 제거 후 24, 48, 72시간 회복군에서도 염주상은 거의 볼 수가 없었으며 가지돌기의 두께도 회복되었다. PV 면역반응성 사이신경세포의 수는 대조군에 비하여 KA 처리군과 KA 제거 후 8시간 회복군에서는 통계학적으로 유의한 세포수의 감소가 있었으나 KA 제거 후 24시간 회복군, KA 제거 후 48시간 회복군 및 KA 제거 후 72시간 회복군에서는 대조군과 차이가 없 었다. 결 론: 이러한 결과는 KA에 의하여 유발된 치아이랑 사이신경세포의 세포소실이 일시적이며 가역적인 현상임을 말해주는 것이다. Purpose : Loss of hippocampal interneurons in dentate gyrus has been reported in patients with severe temporal lobe epilepsy and in animals treated with kainic acid(KA). Interneurons contain $Ca^{2+}$- binding protein parvalbumin(PV). The effects of kainic acid on parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV-IR) interneurons in dentate gyrus were investigated in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Methods : Cultured hippocampal slices from postnatal day nine C57/BL6 mice were exposed to $10{\mu}M$ KA, and were observed at 0, 8, 24, 48, 72 hours after a one hour KA exposure. Neuronal injury was determined by morphologic changes of PV-IR interneuron in dentate gyrus. Results : Transient(1 hour) exposure of hippocampal explant cultures to KA produced marked varicosities in dendrites of PV-IR interneuron in dentate gyrus and the shaft of interbeaded dendrite is often much thinner than those in control. The presence of varicosities in dendrites was reversible with KA washout. The dendrites of KA treated explants were no longer beaded at 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours after KA exposure. The number of cells in PV-IR interneurons in dentate gyrus was decreased at 0, 8 hours after exposure. But there was no significant difference in 24, 48 and 72 hours recovery group compared with control group. Conclusion : The results suggested that loss of PV-IR interneurons in dentate gyrus is transient, and is not accompanied by PV-IR interneuronal cell death.

마약류의 불순물 프로파일에 의한 제조원 추적

정희선(Hee Sun Chung) 한국법과학회 2000 한국법과학회 학술대회 Vol.2000 No.1

소수자 저항의 공간적 실천과 재현의 정치 -일본군 위안부 문제 해결을 위한 수요시위의 사례-

정희선 ( Hee Sun Chung ) 한국도시지리학회 2013 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This study seeks to understand the politics of spatial practice and representation by a minority group`s resistance by examining the case of Wednesday demonstrations demanding the resolution of Japanese military ‘comfort women’ problems which have been periodically held in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul since 1992. It also takes the controversies over the ‘Peace Monument’ set up in front of the Embassy for the 1,000th rally in 2011 into account to comprehend the workings of representational space of resistance. The framework for case analysis is the three aspects of spatial practice, spatial representation and representational space of resistance, which are partly based upon Lefebvre`s theory on production of social space. Civic groups headed by the Korean Council for the Women Drafted for Military Sexual Slavery by Japan have been able to appropriate the space in front of the Japanese Embassy and to turn it into a space of resistance not only by repetitively staging the protests to call for an apology from the Japanese Government but also by installing a bronze statue of a young girl that symbolizes the Korean victims. The statue in front of the Embassy has been perceived as a symbol of resistance as well as the object of sympathy, prompting empathetic emotional reactions between Korea and Japan. It indicates that the statue together with the periodic protests have formed the images of spatiality of resistance, which have worked as representational space of resistance. The social movements demanding Japan to redress the ‘comfort women’ problems continue to be affected by the changing perspectives of historical events and international political dynamics. Therefore, more research is needed, from a variety of viewpoints including politics of identity, scale, place, and memory, to further understand the spatiality of minority resistance.

한국의 근,현대 구상회화에 나타난 재현경관의 탐색 2: 도시민의 일상생활에 반영된 근대화 과정을 중심으로

정희선 ( Hee Sun Chung ),김희순 ( Hee Soon Kim ) 한국도시지리학회 2012 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구에서는 구상회화가 시대의 흐름에 따른 공간과 사회의 변화를 보여주는 기록물로서 경관 연구의 자료가 될 수 있다는 점에 주목하여 구상회화 속에 나타난 도시민들의 일상생활의 근대화 과정을 살펴보았다. 구상회화작품들에 재현된 개항기 이후의 생활양식의 근대화는 서구화의 과정이라 할 수 있다. 도시민의 생활양식은 개항, 갑오경장, 6·25 전쟁, 신생활 운동, 정부의 주택 정책 등 제도적이고 사회적인 측면의 변화로부터 가장 크게 영향을 받았다. 그러나 서구 문물의 수용은 개인의 성별, 연령, 사회경제적 지위 등에 따라 상이하게 전개되었다. 빠른 속도로 서구화의 과정을 거친 남성의 두발 및 의복이 이미 1910년대에 제작된 인물화에 반영되었다. 여성 복식의 서구화는 완만한 속도로 이루어졌으며 연령과 기혼여부에 따라 다르게 수용되었다. 이에 비해 개항기 이후 주거양식의 변화는 사회계층별로 상이하게 나타났는데, 상류층을 중심으로 외래 주거양식이 적극적으로 수용되었으며, 1940년대와 1950년대 회화작품에 묘사된 도시형 한옥은 중산층의 거주지 경관으로 묘사되었다. 시대의 흐름에 따라 남성보다는 여성 역할의 변화가 두드러지게 표현되었다. 전후 복구로 번영하는 모습은 빌딩군으로 가득찬 서울 도심의 모습에서 반복적으로 나타났다. 도시경관과 도시민의 일상에 대한 연구는 공간과 그 공간 속에 담겨진 사회의 속성과 변화를 종합적으로 규명하고 각 지역이 갖는 고유성, 그리고 지역마다 가지는 공통된 유형의 성격까지도 파악할 수 있게 함으로써 지역연구의 내용을 보다 다양하고 풍부하게 하며, 새로운 장소 자산 발굴에도 활용될 수 있다. This study has examined the modernization process of people`s daily lives represented in the Korean figurative paintings from the 1890`s to the 1970`s from the perspective that paintings are a kind of documents recording various features and phenomena in reality. The Korean life style was significantly influenced by Western capitalist culture in the social and institutional sectors introduced from the open-door policy during the Korean Empire Period, the Korean War, New Life Movement, and the government`s housing policy. However, the paintings indicate that there was a difference in the level of adoption of Western culture according to an individual`s gender, age, and socio-economic status. The paintings of the 1910`s depicted western-style haircuts and clothes of male figures, which preceded the changes in appearances of female figures. Western clothing styles spread differently among women in accordance with one`s age and marital status. In contrast, the characteristics of residential types depicted in the pictures show that the social class was a major factor in adopting the modern style. People of the upper class eagerly accepted foreign house styles. High-density traditional Korean style houses were portrayed as middle-class residential areas, while row houses on hillsides in the paintings showed the poor living conditions of the lower class. In terms of the set of social and behavioral norms, the paintings described changing roles of women after the Korean War. The paintings vividly portrayed the youth rebuilding the country and the cityscape newly formed after the war. Examining cultural and geographical features in artworks can provide an opportunity to develop an interdisciplinary approach in area studies by obtaining qualitative data on socio-spatial changes of urban areas.

흰쥐에서 펜플루라민이성질체의 뇨증 배설

정희선(Hee Sun Chung),박미정(Mee Jung Park),진원택(Won Tack Jin),양원경(Won Kyung Yang),최화경(Hwa Kyung Choi),유영찬(Young Chan Yoo) 대한약학회 1998 약학회지 Vol.42 No.6

Fenfluramine, an anorectic agent, is widely abused as a diet pill in Korea because it is freely marketed in China without any regulation. The optical isomers of fenfluramine have different phamacological actions: d-form is used as an anorectic agent, while l-form as a neuroleptic agent. To investigate the metabolism when racemic fenfluramine was administered orally, the urinary excretion of fenfluramine was studied in rats. The enantiomeric separation of fenfluramine was performed on achiral column by gas chromatography using (S)-N-(trifluoroacetyl)-l-prolyl chloride (TFP) as a derivatizing agent. After administration of 15mg/kg of racemic fenfluramine to rats, d-, l-fenfluramine and its metabolites d- and l norfenfluramine in urine were determined by chromatographic separation of TFP derivatives on DB-1 at retention time of 11.2, 11.8, 8.4 and 8.6 min respectively. Urinary recoveries of d and l-fenfluramine in rat were 0.42-5.9O% and 0.18-1.20% respectively in urine specimens collected during first 24hr. The comparison in the levels of isomers showed that d- fenfluramine were higher than l-form, while d-norfenfluramine were lower than l-form. The ratios between parent compound and metabolite revealed that d-norfenfluramine to d-fenfluramine ranged from 1.0 to 4.4, while the ratio of l-norfenfluramine to l-fenfluramine was 8.2-21.1 indicating that l-fenfluramine is metabolized faster than the d-isomer.

덱스트로메토르판에 대한 한국인의 표현헝 및 유전자헝 분석

정희선(Hee Sun Chung),양원경(Won Kyung Yang),최화경(Hwa Kyung Choi),양영근(Young Keun Yang),한은영(Eun Young Han),정운계(Wun Kye Chung),유영찬(Young Chan Yoo) 大韓藥學會 2002 약학회지 Vol.46 No.3

The abuse of dextromethorphan has been prevalent for 15 years in Korea and its fatal cases were reported even though it has proved to be very safe. In this study; to investigate the safety and tolerance assessment of deitromethorphan, the metabolic phenotyping and genotype of dextromethorphan were studied. After a single 30 mg of dextromethorphan oral administration to 74 volunteers, concentration of dextromethorphan and its metabolites, dextrorphan, hydroxymorphinan and methoxymorphinan were measured in urine which collected during 8hrs after the drug administration. CYP2D6 phenotype was determined from the ratio of dextromethorphan to dextrorphan. GC/MS was used to quantify dextromethorphan and its metabolites. For genotyping, mutant alleles of the CYP2D6 gene were identified.24 subjects (32.4%) were homozygous for CYP2D6*10B, 29 subjects (39.2%) were heterozygous for thIns allele, while in 21 subjects (28.4%) no exon 1 mutation could be found. The frequency of CYP2D6*10B-allele containing the 188C T mutation was 54% of total subjects studied.

특수교사의 다중지능성향과 교수특성

정희선(Chung, Hee-Sun),김선영(Kim, Sun-Young) 단국대학교 특수교육연구소 2013 특수교육논총 Vol.27 No.-

종교 공간의 장소성과 사회적 의미의 관계: 명동성당을 사례로

정희선 ( Hee Sun Chung ) 한국도시지리학회 2004 한국도시지리학회지 Vol.7 No.1

This study focuses on the placeness of Seoul`s Myeongdong Cathedral and its changing social meanings. Myegongdong Cathedral, completed in 1898, was the first Catholic Church in Korea. The Cathedral became a symbol of the people`s democratic movement in the middle 1970s and the 1980s. It was a frequent focal point for anti-government demonstrations and dissident holdouts, given that the place played a role of a safe haven where protesters were not forcibly ousted by the government. In December, 2000, however, the Myeongdong Cathedral declared its policy of no longer admitting protesters who do not have prior approval from the church after undergoing chaotic and unpleasant demonstrations by telecommucation unionists who showed rude behaviors including vandalizing church property and cluttering the compound with piles of trash. Although the Korean society recognizes the Cathedral as the time-honored sanctuary of unionists and student rebels on the run in the 1980s, the Catholic Church has recently opposed interest groups using the cathedral to fulfill their demands. The responses toward protesters shown by priests, worshippers, and merchants in the neighborhood started with the level of euphoria in the middle 1970s, went through the level of apathy and connivance in the 1990s, and have currently reached the level of irritation and antagonism. The statistics of protests held at the Cathedral reveal a chronicle of key issues dealt with by the society.

The Power, Politics, and Geography of a Sacred Place: Focusing on Myongdong Cathedral, Seoul, Korea

정희선 ( Hee Sun Chung ) 상명대학교 사회과학연구소 2005 社會科學硏究 Vol.21 No.-

This study focuses on the placeness of Seoul`s Myongdong Cathedral and its changing social significance. Myongdong Cathedral, built in 1898, was the first Catholic Church in Korea. The Cathedral became a symbol of popular democratic movement throughout the 1970s and 1980s as it served as a safe haven for anti-government demonstrations and dissident activities. The Cathedral was widely recognized throughout the 1980s as a sanctuary to labor union members and students on the run from the dictatorial regime. In the 1990s, however, the Catholic Church was increasingly repelled by interest groups, which aimed to use the cathedral as a channel to have their voice heard. Attitudes towards protesters shown by priests, worshippers, and small business owners in the neighborhood were ones of welcome in the mid 1970s. After the initial euphoria died down in the 1990s, the sense of apathy and connivance set in. Such attitude of indifference was then replaced by that of angerand antagonism. Such negative attitudes towards demonstrators were reflected in the change of the Church`s demonstration policy in 2000, which would no longer approve demonstrations without prior permission. The move came following the rally organized by Korea Telecom Union members in December 2000 who engaged in vandalizing the Cathedral`s property. Apart from this, just by examining the type of rallies that took place at Myongdong Cathedral, one can learn about important issues that emerged in Korean society.