인삼추출물이 흥분성세포의 막전압에 미치는 영향

정진모,백광세,남택상,김인교,강두희,Chung, Jin-Mo,Paik, Kwang-Se,Nam, Taick-Sang,Kim, In-Kyo,Kang, Doo-Hee 대한생리학회 1981 대한생리학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Studies have been conducted to test the effect of Ginseng alcohol extract on the membrane potentials of frog skeletal muscle. The gastrocnemius muscle was isolated and placed in a chamber containing the Clark-frog Ringer solution. Membrane potentials were recorded using microelectrodes filled with 3 M KCI and muscle was electrically stimulated to obtain action potential. Changes in both the action potential and the resting membrane potential were observed after adding an appropriate amount of Ginseng alcohol extract in the perfusing Ringer solution. The results obtained from 346 muscle cells are summarized as follows : 1) The average resting membrane potential of the normal frog gastrocnemius muscle cell was -92.8 mV and the peak of the action potential reached at 29.8 mV. 2) Both the resting membrane potential and the peak of the action potential decreased by Ginseng alcohol extract, the effect being proportional to the dose of Ginseng alcohol extract. 3) The resting membrane potential and the peak of the action potential continuously decreased until about 40 min after Ginseng addition and leveled off thereafter. The potentials recovered to its original value after Ginseng was washed out. 4) The resting membrane potential was more sensitive to the Ginseng alcohol extract than was the action potential. These results strongly suggest that Ginseng alcohol extract increases both the $Na^+$ and $K^+$ permeability in the skeletal muscle cell membrane.

Morphine이 굴근반사(Flexion Reflex)에 미치는 영향

정진모(Chung, Jin-Mo),백광세(Paik, Kwang-Se),남택상(Nam, Taick-Sang),김인교(Kim, In-Kyo),강두희(Kang, Doo-Hee) 대한생리학회 1981 대한생리학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Experiments were conducted to test morphine sensitivity of the flexion reflex in the anemic decerebrate cats. Animals were immobilized with gallamine triethiodide(Flxaedil) and were artificially ventilated. The sural nerve was electrically stimulated(20V, 0.5 msec) and the flexion reflex was obtained by recording compound action potentials from the nerve innervated to the semitendinosus muscle. Intravenous injection of morphine (0.5~2.0 mg/kg) was found to have following effects on the flexion reflex. 1) Morphine tended to depress the early component of the flexion reflex and the effect was widely variable between animal preparations. 2) Morphine significantly depressed the late component of the flexion reflex, the effect being proportional to the dose of morphine. 3) The morphine effect on the flexion reflex was reversed by a small dose of naloxone hydrochloride(0.025~0.1 mg/kg). 4) Naloxone hydrochloride alone did not appear to facilitate the flexion reflex. 5) The main site for the morphine action was found to be the brain stem. From these results and those reported in literatures, we conclude that the late component of the flexion reflex well represents the pain sensation, thus the late component of the flexion reflex can be used as a reasonable subjective index of pain in experimental animals.

수종 생약수침엑기스가 알러지 반응 및 혈청단백분획에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김창종(Chang Johng Kim),정진모(Jin Mo Chung) 한국생약학회 1985 생약학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The antiallergic activities of water extract 35 traditional Chinese drugs have been assessed from their relative activities in the passive-cut aneous anaphylaxis(PCA) reaction in the MCS of Ab-sensitized rats. It was found that seven Chinese drugs, Cocculi Trilobi Lignum, Coptidits Rhizoma,Phellodendri Cortex, Elutherococci Cortex, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Achyranthis Radix, Eucommiae Cortex were more active than others in the PCA test. Especially, above seven Chinese drugs inhibited the acute allergic reaction such as passive cutaneous anaphylaxis by mast cell-sensitizing anti body and histamine-induced anaphylaxis, and the delayed allergic reaction such as the Freund`s complete adjuvant arthritis and the DNCB-induoed dermatitis. Their activities ascertained that the Chinese drugs decrease the capillary permeability and the serum γ-globulin level. Water extracts of seven Chinese drugs act as the mast cell stabilizer that inhibit the degranulation of mast cell in the subcutaneous connective tissue of the MCSAb-sensitized rats.

말초신경자극이 동통반응에 미치는 영향

백광세(Paik, Kwang-Se),정진모(Chung, Jin-Mo),남택상(Nam, Taick-Sang),강두희(Kang, Doo-Hee) 대한생리학회 1981 대한생리학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Experiments were conducted in ischemic decerebrate cats to study the effects of electroacupuncture and electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve on pain reaction. Flexion reflex was used as an index of pain. The reflex was elicited by stimulating the sural nerve(20 V, 0.5 msec duration) and recorded as a compound action potential from the nerve innervated to the semitendinosus muscle. Electroacupuncture was performed, using a 23-gauge hyperdermic needle, on the tsusanli point in the lateral upper tibia of the ipsilateral hindlimb. The common peroneal nerve was selected as a peripheral nerve which may be associated with electroacupuncture action, as it runs through the tissue portion under the tsusanli point. Both for electroacupuncture and the stimulation of common peroneal nerve a stimulus of 20 V-intensity, 2 msec-duration and 2 Hz-frequency was applied for 60 min. The results are summerized as follows: 1) The electroacupuncture markedly depressed the flexion reflex; this effect was eliminated by systemic application of naloxone (0.02~0.12 mg/kg), a specific narcotic antagonist. 2) Similarly, the electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve significantly depressed the flexion reflex, the effect being reversed by naloxone. 3) When most of the afferent nerves excluding sural nerve in the ipsilateral hindlimb were cut, the effect of electroacupuncture on the flexion reflex was not observed. Whereas direct stimulation of the common peroneal nerve at the proximal end from the cut resulted in a significant reduction of the flexion reflex, again the effect was reversible by naloxone application. 4) Transection of the spinal cord at the thoracic 12 did not eliminate the effect of peripheral nerve stimulation on the flexion reflex and its reversal by naloxone, although the effect was significantly less than that in the animal with spinal cord intact. These results suggest that: 1) the analgesic effect of an electroacupuncture is directly mediated by the nervous system and involves morphine-like substances in CNS, 2) the site of analgesic action of electroacupuncture resides mainly in the brainstem and in part in the spinal cord.

Flavonoids의 약리작용(I) -Flavonoies 구조와 과민반응 억제작용과의 상관성-

김창종(Chang Johng Kim),정진모(Jin Mo Chung) 대한약학회 1990 약학회지 Vol.34 No.5

The activities of twenty-one flavonoids and their related compounds on the hypersensitivity reaction against various antigens were studied in vitro and in vivo. 1.Generally flavonoids inhibited significantly the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) induced by reaginic antibody as compared as anaphylaxis by compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation, and so more strongly active in the IgE-mediated anaphylaxis than non-IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. 2.Flavonoids inhibited remarkably Arths reaction, hemolysin titer, delayed hypersensitivity, haemaggltitinin titer, rosette forming cells and plague forming cells against sheep red blood cells, and so it exhibited that flavonoids inhibited type 2, 3 and 4 hypersensitivity. 3.Quercetin, kaempferol, hesperetin, disodium cromoglycate, malvin and baicalein were active dose-dependently in the all types of hypersensitivity. Fisetin, daidzein, morin, narigin, flavone, catechin, rutin, hesperidin, neophsperidin, apigenin and chrysin were significantly active in the various types of hypersensitivity, but apigenin, rutin and catechin were less active in the delayed hypersensitivity. Taxifolin was significantly active in PCA and histamine-induced anaphylaxis except other types of hypersensitivity. Rotenone and cyanin also inhibited all types of hypersensitivity, but they are toxic. 4.Based on these results from hypersensitivity, the following flavonoid structure-activity relationships became apparent. 1)Flavonoids with C2-3 double bond in C-ring were more active than that of C2-3 saturation. 2)Flavonoids with C4 ketone group in C-ring were more active than absence of them except catechin and malvin. 3)Flavonoids with benzene ring at positions 2 or 3 in C-ring exhibited same activities. 4)Flavonoids with opening of the C-ring does not abolish their activities. 5)The glycosylated flavonoids in position 3 or 7 was less active than their aglycone. 6)Flavonoids with the more hydroxy group in A and B-ring were more active. 7)Flavonoids with or without C3-OH did not change their activities.

The Effect of Banking Sector’s Business Conditions on the Transmission Mechanism of Monetary Policy

윤재호(Jae Ho Yun),류훈태(Hoon Tae Ryoo),정진모(Jin Mo Chung) 한국계량경제학회 2016 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND ECONOMETRICS Vol.27 No.3

본 연구는 FAVAR(Factor augmented vector autorεgressive) 모형을 사용하여 거시경제 및 은행 부문을 추가한 통태적 요인모형을 추정하고 통화정책 충격에 대한 거시경제 변수, 은행 경영지표 등 여러 변수들의 충격반응 분석을 수행하였다. 실증 분석 결과, 주로 거시경제 부문이 은행 요인에 시간을 두고 일방적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 은행 요인이 거시경제요인에 미치는 영향을 인위적으로 제거한 반사실적 충격반응 분석결과, 은행부문 경영상태가 통화정책 파급경로에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. In this paper, we estimate a dynamic factor model for Korean macro economy and banking sector’s business conditions by using the FAVAR (Factor augmented vector autoregressive) model, and analyze impulse responses of various variables such as macro aggregates and banks’ financial ratios.Our empirical analysis shows that the macro economy tends to affect the banking sector unilaterally over time. Next, in our counter-factual analysis where we artificially remove the effect of banking sector on the macro economy in the FAVAR model, we find that there is no substantial effect of banking sector’s business conditions on the transmission mechanism of monetary policy.

Flavonoids의 약리작용(IV) - 백혈구유주, superoxide anion 및 과산화지질 생성 억제작용 -

김창종(Chang Johng Kim),정현삼(Hyun Sam Jung),정진모(Jin Mo Chung) 대한약학회 1991 약학회지 Vol.35 No.3

Effects of eight flavonoids and their related compounds on leukocytes migration, superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation in the phagocytosis of latex beads or E. coli by guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells were studied in vitro. It shows that most of flavonoids generally inhibited the leukocytes migration and production of superoxide anion and malonedialdehydes. Their inhibitory activities in the phagocytosis of latex beads had more active than that of E. coli. Quercetin has the most inhibitory activity in leukocytes migration and production of superoxide anion and lipid peroxides at the concentration of 1, 2 and 10 mcM. Catechin and rutin at the concentration of 2 and 10 mcM inhibited significantly the production of superoxide anion and lipid peroxides. Flavone, catechin, naringin and rutin at the concentration of 2 and 10 mcM inhibited significantly the leukocytes migration.

Expression of a₂A-adrenergic Receptor mRNA in the Dorsal Root Ganglia in a Rat Neuropathic Pain Model

이영호(Young Ho LEE),김원식(Won Sik KIM),정경순(Kyungsoon CHUNG),정진모(Jin Mo CHUNG) 대한체질인류학회 1997 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.10 No.2

a₂A 아드레날린성 수용제의 mRNA 밭현변화가 교감신경 의존성 만성통증의 기전과 연관되어 있는지를 규명하기 위하여 백서의 5번째 척수신경을 단단히 묶은 후 후근신경절에서 digoxigenin-labeled RNA probe를 이용한 msitu hybridlzation을 시행하여 12주까지 관찰하였다. 정상대조군 측 후근신경정의 대부분 신경세포는 a₂A 아드fp날린성 수용제의 mRNA를 발현하였고 소수의 신경절아교 세포가 a₂A 아드레날린성 수용제의 mRNA를 발현하였다. 수술후 l주일 후에 a₂A아드레날린성 수용제의 mRNA를 발현하는 후근신경절 신경세포가 현저히 강소하였지만 a₂A 아드fp날린성 수용체의 mRNA를 발현하는 신경절아교세포는 상당히 증가하였다. 수술후 7일 이후부터 수술후 12주에 걸쳐 a₂A아드레날린성 수용체의 mRNA를 발현하는 후근신경절 신경세포는 다시 증가하였으며 a₂A아드레날린성 수용체의 mRNA를 발현하는 산경절야교세포는 감소하였다.수술적으로 교감신경을 제거하면 만성통증 동물모델에서 통증이 감소된다는 점을 감안할 때 손상을 받은 후근신경절 신경세포의 a₂A 아드레날린성 수용제 mRNA의 발현 강소는 교감신경 의존성 반성통증과는 관계없는 것으로 보나, 신경 절아교세포에서의 ₂아드레날린성 수용세의 mRNA 발현 증가의 역할에 대해서는 좀 더 연구가 필요하다.

수종 생약수침엑기스가 알러지반응 및 혈청단백분획에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

정진모,김창종 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1987 약학 논총 Vol.1 No.-

The antiallergic activities of water extract of 35 traditional chinese drugs have been assessed from their relative activities in the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) reaction in the MCSAb-sensitized rats. It was found that seven chinese drugs, Cocculi Trilobi Lignum, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Eleutherococci Cortex, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Achyranthis Radix, Eucommiae Cortex were more active than others in the PCA test. Especially, above seven chines drugs inhibited the acute allergic reaction such as passive cutaneous anaphylaxis by mast cell sensitizing antibody and histamine-induced anaphylaxis, and the delayed allergic reaction such as the Freund's complete adjuvant arthritis and DNCB-induced dermatitis. Their activities ascertained that the chinese drugs decrease the capillary permeability and the serum r-globulin level.

간세포암종 환자의 종양 조직 내 P-glycoprotein 및 p53 단백의 발현이 항암화학요법의 반응률에 미치는 영향

김영호,정진모,조광희,조현호,정진행,이승숙,이진오,한철주,김유철,정숙향,이진혁,최대현,조상형 대한간학회 2001 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.7 No.4

Background / Aims : Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a drug -resistant tumor. The expression of a multidrug resistant gene, P-glycoprotein(P-gp) is a major mechanism of drug resistance. The aims of our study were, firstly, to observe the expression rate of P-gp in HCC tissue obtained by percutaneous fine needle aspiration(PCNA) from stage IV HCC patients; secondly to examine the association between P-gp and chemotherapeutic response ; and finally to investigate the correlation between p53 protein expression and P-gp expression. Subjects and Methods : We studied 29 cases of stage IV HCC treated by systemic chemotherapy. Expression of P-gp and p53 were evaluated by immunohistochmical staining of HCC tissue with human monoclonal anti body, JSB-1(Anti P-gp ) and DO-7(Anti p53), respectively. We analyzes the results of immunohistochmical staining of HCC tissues of the patients in relation to chemotherapeutic response and other clinical charateristics. Results : The expression rate of P-gp was 27.5%. Partial response to anti-cancar chemotherapy was observed in 16.7% of the to chemotherapeutic response, none of the response to anti-caner chemotherapy was observed in 16.7% of the patients. Although we could not see a statisrically significant association between to chemotherapeutic response expression and chemotherapeutic response , none of the response patients showed chemotherapeutic response P-gp expression. p 53 protein expression was found in 45% of the patients. There was no significant correlation between p 53 protein expression and P-gp expression. Conclusions : Although the number of our study subjects was small, chemotherapy- responsive patients didn't show P-gp expression. P-gp expression might be used as a predictor of response to potentially toxic anti-cancer chemotherapy in HCC patients. Futher study is warranted to confirm our results.