나노크기 표면 요철을 이용한 GaN LED의 광추출효율 향상

정재우,김사라,정준호,정종율,Jung, Jae-Woo,Kim, Sarah,Jeong, Jun Ho,Jeong, Jong-Ryul 한국재료학회 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.11

In this study, we have investigated highly efficient nanoscale surface corrugated light emitting diodes (LEDs) for the enhancement of light extraction efficiency (LEE) of nitride semiconductor LEDs. Nanoscale indium tin oxide (ITO) surface corrugations are fabricated by using the conformal nanoimprint technique; it was possible to observe an enhancement of LEE for the ITO surface corrugated LEDs. By incorporating this novel method, we determined that the total output power of the surface corrugated LEDs were enhanced by 45.6% for patterned sapphire substrate LEDs and by 41.9% for flat c-plane substrate LEDs. The enhancement of LEE through nanoscale surface corrugations was studied using 3-dimensional Finite Different Time Domain (FDTD) calculation. From the FDTD calculations, we were able to separate the light extraction from the top and bottom sides of device. This process revealed that light extraction from the top and bottom sides of a device strongly depends on the substrate and the surface corrugation. We found that enhanced LEE could be understood through the mechanism of enhanced light transmission due to refractive index matching and the increase of light scattering from the corrugated surface. LEE calculations for the encapsulated LEDs devices also revealed that low LEE enhancement is expected after encapsulation due to the reduction of the refractive index contrast.

1000BASE-T의 4조 PAM-5 신호 상에서 동작하는 비터비 디코더의 구현

정재우,정해,Jung, Jae-Woo,Chung, Hae 한국정보통신학회 2014 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.18 No.7

LAN 방식은 국내의 초고속 인터넷 서비스에서 가장 널리 사용되며, UHD TV와 같은 고속의 서비스를 제공하기 위하여 100 메가급에서 1 기가급 이더넷으로 빠르게 전환되고 있다. 1000BASE-T 물리계층은 1 Gbps의 전송속도를 달성하기 위해, 4조의 UTP상에서 각 조당 125 MHz의 PAM-5신호로 데이터를 전송한다. 채널 상에서 발생한 오류를 정정하기 위하여 송신측에서는 컨벌루션 부호와 PAM-5신호를 결합한 TCM을 사용하고, 수신측에서는 비터비 복호기를 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 1000BASE-T의 수신측에서 최소 125 MHz 속도와 최대 2조까지 오류 정정 능력을 제공하는 비터비 디코더를 구현한다. 그리고 구현한 디코더를 논리분석기로 이용해서 동작속도와 오류 정정 능력을 검증한다. The LAN method is the most widely used in domestic high-speed internet access and rapidly moving to 1 Gbps Ethernet from 100 Mbps one to provide high-speed services such as UHD TV. The 1000BASE-T PHY with 4 pairs UTP transmits a PAM-5 signal at the 125 MHz clock per each pair to achieve 1 Gbps rate. In order to correct errors over the channel, the transmitter uses a TCM which is combined the convolutional encoder and PAM-5, and the receiver uses the Viterbi decoder. In this paper, we implement a Viterbi decoder which can correct two pair errors and operate at the least 125 MHz clock speed. Finally, we will verify the error correction function and the operating speed of the implemented decoder with a logic analyzer.

연명의료 결정 제도화에 대한 윤리적 성찰

정재우,Jung. Jae Woo 가톨릭생명윤리연구소 2014 인격주의 생명윤리 Vol.4 No.1

‘연명의료 결정’이란, 죽음을 맞이하는 시기에 환자에게 행하는 처치에 대해 어떠한 것을 행하고 어떤 것을 하지 않을 것인가를 결정하는 것을 가리킨다. ‘연명치료 중단’이라는 말이 많이 사용되고는 있으나, 치료를 중단한다는 말은 그 자체로 어떤 부당한 의미를 내포하고 있어 ‘연명의료 결정’이라는 말이 제안된 바 있다. 이것이 윤리적 으로 중요한 논제인 이유는 죽음이 임박한 시기에 생명의 의미와 가치, 그리고 의료행위와 돌봄의 문제가 철학적, 윤리적, 사회적으로 매우 중요한 함의를 갖기 때문이다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 연명의료 결 정의 의미가 무엇이며 윤리적으로 합당한 연명의료 결정이란 어떤 것인지를 생각해 보고, 현재 사회적으로 논란이 되고 있는 연명의료 결정의 제도화, 즉 법제화에 대하여 성찰해 보고자 한다. Decision making regarding life-sustaining treatments occurs with regard to treatments for patients in terminal stage of life. Regarding this decision making, we need to bear in mind that human being is limited but has dignity. The dignity of human being should be respected in a special way in medical practices: to diagnose patient 's physical condition accurately and to provide him with appropriate treatments and care until his or her death. This is the way to realize the essence of medicine which is service for life. However, there are unacceptable mentalities according to which the life and sufferings of a patient are meaningless so it needs to decide his life and death by killing him. As it can not be justified to kill deliberately a man who is alive, euthanasia is unacceptable in any sense. The principles and limits on the desirable decision making regarding life-sustaining treatments are the following: ① excluding any action and omission in order to kill deliberately patients, ② doing medical practices which are proportionate, useful and necessary for patient ' s conditions, but not doing those which are disproportionate and futile, ③ consider the medical judgements which discern adequate treatments as basic criteria, ④ offering basic caring including nutrition and hydration, pain control,hygiene, and etc. until the death of the patient Based on this fundamental principles, the Catholic Church strongly opposes ① doing medical practices which are disproportionate and futile, ② any type of euthanasia, ③ the notion that we decide when to die;Furthermore it supports for ① the acceptance of natural death, ② planning future treatments to use in continuos dialogues between patient and doctor, ③ promoting hospice-palliative care, reflection and education regarding meaning of life, suffering, and death.

밀러-피셔 증후군의 임상양상과 치료경과

정재우(Jae Woo Jung),이종헌(Jong Heon Lee),정재호(Jae Ho Jung) 대한안과학회 2017 대한안과학회지 Vol.58 No.2

Purpose: In the present study, the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients clinically diagnosed with classic Miller Fisher syndrome were evaluated. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the clinical and laboratory findings as well as treatment outcomes using the medical records of patients diagnosed with Miller Fisher syndrome. Symptom triad including acute ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia were evaluated. Results: This study included 10 patients. Nine patients had antecedent infectious illness which took an average of 11 ± 9.7 days for onset of diplopia from antecedent infectious systemic illness. Seven patients showed bilateral paralytic strabismus. Specifically, 5 patients showed the involvement of vertical and horizontal extraocular muscles. Pupil impairment and blepharoptosis were observed in 4 patients, limb weakness in 3 patients, dysarthria in 3 patients and facial palsy in 1 patient. Two patients showed contrast enhancement of the abducens nerve on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 2 patients showed albumin-cell dissociation on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Eight patients had anti-GQ1b antibodies in their blood serum analysis. Six patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins and the other patients were observed with regular follow-ups. The duration of diplopia was 2.9 ± 1.2 months in the treatment group and 3.1 ± 1.7 months in the control group (p > 0.05). The duration of ataxia was 1 ± 0.4 months in the treatment group and 1 ± 0.9 months in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Miller Fisher syndrome should be considered in patients with antecedent infection; acute ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia as well as anti-GQ1b antibody can be helpful for diagnosis. Final outcomes in the treated group were not significantly different from the control group and all patients showed good final outcomes.

원추각막에서의 콘택트렌즈 처방

정재우(Jae Woo Jung),이지은(Jieun Lee) 대한검안학회 2015 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.14 No.2

Keratoconus is a noninflammatory disease of the cornea in which the cornea becomes progressively thinner, more distorted, and steeper in curvature. It is a chronic condition with a long duration that affects a patient’s quality of life. Spectacles are useful in the early stages of keratoconus, but with advanced keratoconus, spectacles play a very limited role and contact lenses become necessary for improving the vision and delaying the need for keratoplasty. The lens of choice is corneal RGP lens and if the patient develops discomfort or intolerance, then one can go in for soft toric lenses or scleral lenses. Though the fitting takes longer chair time, with the availability of newer materials and designs, it is possible to fit many keratoconic patients and improve the visual acuity.

유전성 혈관부종의 진단과 치료: 전문가 의견서

정재우 ( Jae-woo Jung ),박소영 ( So-young Park ),윤선영 ( Sun Young Yoon ),김건우 ( Gun-woo Kim ),손경희 ( Kyoung-hee Sohn ),강성윤 ( Sung-yoon Kang ),박혜정 ( Hye Jung Park ),강민규 ( Min-kyu Kang ),김주희 ( Joo-hee Kim ),박경희 대한천식알레르기학회 2022 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.10 No.2

HAE는 증상이 지속적이지 않고, 일반적인 검사에서는 이상 소견을 나타내지 않아 진단이 쉽지 않기 때문에 종종 진단이 지연된다. 하지만, HAE 환자는 정확한 진단과 적절한 대책이 없으면 위중한 결과에 이를 수 있으므로 신속, 정확한 진단과 대책이 중요하다. 한국에서의 HAE 유병률은 서양보다 상당히 낮으나, 최근 진단율이 증가하고 있다. 하지만, 국내에서 사용할 수 있는 약제에 제한이 있어, HAE 환자들의 정상적인 삶으로의 복귀를 위해 최신 치료 약제들의 국내 도입이 필요하다. 본 의견서를 통하여 진료일선에서 의심 환자를 선별하고, 이들에 대하여 적절하게 HAE를 진단하고 최적의 치료가 이루어지기를 기대한다. Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease, but it severely interrupts daily life activities and can sometimes be life-threatening. Therefore, early diagnosis and prompt treatment of HAE attacks are critical. Physicians should be aware of how to diagnose and manage HAE to prepare not to miss a diagnosis when treating HAE patients. Physicians must also carry out tests to confirm the diagnosis of HAEs caused by C1 inhibitor deficiency (type 1) or C1 inhibitor dysfunction (type 2) in patients with recurrent angioedema. In addition, recent studies revealed another type of HAE which is not related to C1 inhibitor (normal C1 inhibitor HAE). Once HAE is confirmed, patients and their caregivers should be given with short-term and long-term treatment plans to relieve or prevent HAE attacks. HAE requires life-long measures, including psychological support for patients and self-management education. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2022;10:80-88)

퍼지 기법을 이용한 열화된 영상에서의 에지 검출

정재우(Jae-Woo Jung),정태윤(Tae-Yun Chung),정진양(Jin-Yang Jung),허재만(Jae-Man Huh),한영오(Young-Oh Han),박상희(Sang-Hui Park) 대한전기학회 1996 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1996 No.11

우리나라 프레이트 포워더(Freight Forwarder)의 향후 발전방향에 관한 연구

정재우(Jae-woo Jung),이길남(Kil-nam Lee) 한국국제상학회 2013 國際商學 Vol.28 No.3

This paper analyzes the current situation and tries to find out the problems of freight forwarder in South Korea. And finally, it suggests some future directions for them. To achieve those purposes, this article reviews the functions and duties of freight forwarder and discusses laws and regulations of freight forwarder in Unites States and Korea. Comparative analysis has also been done to ascertain freight forwarder and its business. One of the significant feature of freight forwarder in United States is that freight forwarder is governed by government directly and is required to be bonded, licensed, and regulated by Federal Maritime Commission pursuant to Shipping Act of 1984. But in South Korea, any enterprise could be freight forwarder by declaration or reporting to government agency. Nowadays permission is required to do forwarding business in South Korea. Until now in South Korea, many freight forwarders have been appeared and suffered intensive competition and so many government agencies are involved in regulating freight forwarder and its business. In conclusion, this paper presents some future directions in order to secure global competitiveness for Korean forwarding business. The first, Korean forwarding companies have to go abroad like Deutsche Post DHL and UPS. Also, M&A and strategic alliance are still required to do forwarding business in South Korea. The second, Korean forwarding companies have to do business as multimodal transport operator as well as consolidator.

국내 일개 대학병원에서 경험한 AIDS 환자의 폐 감염성 질환의 임상적 특성

정재우 ( Jae Woo Jung ),정진원 ( Jin Won Chung ),송주한 ( Ju Han Song ),전은주 ( Eun Ju Jeon ),이영우 ( Young Woo Lee ),최재철 ( Jae Cheol Choi ),신종욱 ( Jong Wook Shin ),박인원 ( In Whon Park ),최병휘 ( Byoung Whui Choi ),김재열 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2006 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.61 No.6

배경: AIDS환자에게서 기회감염은 가장 치명적인 합병증으로 대부분은 폐 감염의 형태로 발현된다. 본 연구는 타 국가에 비해 아직까지는 유병률이 낮아서 상대적으로 자료가 부족한 국내의 현황에서, HIV 감염자 및 AIDS 환자의 임상양상을 살펴보고 특히 AIDS 환자들이 주로 어떤 호흡기 질환으로 발현하며, 호흡기 질환이 발현된 AIDS 환자와 기타 폐외 질환으로 발현하거나, HIV 단순감염자와의 임상상에 어떤 차이가 있는지를 중점적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 2001년부터 2006년 2월까지 중앙대학교 병원에 내원한 HIV 감염자 총28명을 대상으로, 이들 환자의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 분석하였다. 결과: 총 28명의 HIV 감염자 중 27명이 남자이었고 평균연령은 40.6세로 30대가 40%로 가장 많은 분포를 보였다. 이 중에서 폐질환을 동반한 경우가 11명이었고, 폐외질환 환자가 16명이었다. 폐질환을 동반환 환자군과 폐외질환자에서 내원시 CD4+림프구수와 HIV RNA 수는 평균 79.5/mm3, 48,903 IU/ml, 400/㎣, 60,256 IU/ml을 보여(P value: 0.001, 0.695) 폐감염이 동반된 경우에 더 심한 면역억제 상태가 심하였다. 폐감염의 종류로는 폐결핵, 주폐포자충 폐렴이 가장 많은 빈도를 차지하였으며, 이들의 평균 CD4+림프구 수를 보면, 폐결핵이 56/㎣, 주폐포자충폐렴이 42/㎣이었다. 결론: HIV에 관련된 폐질환이 동반된 경우 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 월등히 면역억제가 심하였다. 이 중에서 폐결핵과 주폐포포자충 폐렴이 가장 흔한 형태의 폐감염이었다. 본 연구는 일개 대학병원에서 경험한 HIV 감염자와 특히 폐질환이 발현된 AIDS 환자의 임상상의 특징을 확인할 수 있었고 빠른 조기진단과 치료의 필요성을 다시 한번 확인하였다. Background: In AIDS patients, the respiratory tract is one of the most frequently involved site of by an opportunistic infection, and an even common, casual pulmonary infection manifests in a peculiar ways in AIDS patients. In Korea, because of the low prevalence of AIDS, there is insufficient data compared with other Southeast Asian counties. However, considering the sexual behavior of the younger generation, it is expected that it will not be long before AIDS becomes a major public health issue in Korea. This study examined the clinical manifestation of HIV positive people and AIDS patients. The pulmonary manifestion of HIV-positive was evaluated. This study focused on the differences in the clinical manifestation between AIDS patients with pulmonary disease and simple HIV positive people. The characteristics of common pulmonary infections in AIDS patients were also analyzed. Method: The medical records of 28 HIV positive patients who visited the hospital of ChungAng University Hospital from January, 2001 to February, 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Result: Twenty-seven patients out of 28 HIV positive patients were male and the average age was 40.6(23-65). Patients in their thirties were most commonly affected. Elven patients had pulmonary diseases. Pulmonary tuberculosis (4 cases) and pneumocystis pneumonia (4 cases) were the most common respiratory infection. One patient showed a peculiar type of systemic cryptococcus. which was accompanied by lung and pleural dissemination. The CD4+lymphocyte count of patients with a pulmonary infection was significantly lower in patients with a pulmonary manifestation than those with only a HIV infection (79.5/㎣ vs 400/㎣, respectively)(p<.05). Patients with pulmonary disease were in a more severe immunosuppressive state. There were 4 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 4 with pneumocystis pneumonia, 4 with secondary syphilis, 2 with primary syphilis, and 2 with HZV infection. The average CD4 lymphocyte counts was 56/㎣ in those with pulmonary tuberculosis, 42/㎣ in those with pneumocystis pneumonia, and 455/㎣ in those with secondary syphilis. Conclusion: This study examined the clinical manifestation of HIV positive patients, particularly AIDS patients with pulmonary disease, A more severe immunosuppressive status was observed in HIV-related pulmonary compared with those with HIV-related extrapulmonary disease, and the frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis in pulmonary disease was higher than expected. Respiratory infection in AIDS manifest in uncommon ways e.g. disseminated cryptococcosis involving the lung and pleura. Evidently, AIDS patients with a respiratory infection have a more severe form of immunosuppression than those with a simple HIV infection. As expected, patients with a pulmonary infection were in a more severe immunosuppressed state than those with a simple HIV infection. Opportunistic infections can show peculiar clinical presentations in AIDS patients. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2006; 61: 554-561)

EU의 관세 및 비관세 장벽 이해를 통한 EU시장 개척 방안

정재우(Jae Woo Jung),이길남(Kil Nam Lee) 한국통상정보학회 2014 통상정보연구 Vol.16 No.4

유럽연합(European Union)은 1952년 7월, 파리조약(Treaty of Paris)을 체결한 이후 1958년 1월 로마조약, 유럽공동체(EC 조약), 1993년 11월 마스트리히트 조약(Treaty of Maastricht), 1999년 5월 암스테르담 조약(Treaty of Amsterdam), 2002년 10월 니스 조약(Treaty of Nice), 2009년 12월 리스본 조약(Treaty of Lisbon) 조약을 체결하여 유럽의 정치 및 경제적 통합을 모색하여 왔다. 현재 EU는 28개 회원국을 두고 있으며 2012년 기준으로 총 5억 명 이상의 인구, 역내 GDP가 16조 6,090억 달러에 이르며 세계 GDP의 3분의 1을 차지하는 세계최대의 경제권이다. 우리나라와는 3위의 교역상대국이다. 지금까지 우리나라는 주로 EU에 자동차, 반도체, 휴대폰, 조선과 그 부품 등의 공산품을 수출하여 왔다. 그러나 EU가 최근 미국과 FTA를 적극 모색하고 러시아와도 경제 협력을 도모하며 중국 기업들도 EU로의 진출을 적극 추진하고 있어 우리 기업의 입지가 위축될 여지가 있는 실정이다. 또한 EU는 평균 수입관세율이 낮고 비교적 가장 개방된 거래 시장이지만 크고 작은 진입장벽은 상존하여 EU의 관세 및 비관세 장벽에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 EU 시장 개척을 위한 가장 초보적이고 기초적인 연구로 EU의 관세 및 비관세 장벽(Non-Tariff Barriers)에 관해 검토하여 우리나라 기업에게 시사점을 제시하기 위해 연구되었다. Most of all, this paper analyzes the current situation of EU(European Union) and ascertain EU s economic condition in terms of tariff lines and non-tariff barriers. and the purpose of this article is to find out the problems of EU s tariff lines and non-tariff barriers. Next, We suggest some future direction of export promotion from Korea to EU more largely for our companies. First, this paper describes the characteristics and outline of EU. The EU is a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are primarily located in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community(ECSC) and the European Economic Community(EEC), formed by the Inner Six countries in 1951 and 1958, respectively. After that, The Maastricht Treaty established the European Union under its current name in 1993. The latest major amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU, the Treaty of Lisbon, came into force in 2009. There are a combined population of over 500 million inhabitants and generated a nominal gross domestic product(GDP) of 16.692 trillion US dollars in EU. The results are as follows ;First of all, In terms of tariff lines and customs duties, Our companies have to know precisely EU’s real tariff lines and other customs duties, and such as value added tax and exercise tax, corporate tax regulated by EU commission and EU s 28 members. second, our companies have to confirm EU s non-tariff barriers. such as RoHS, WEEE, REACH. These non-tariff barriers could be hindrances or obstacles to trade with foreign companies in other countries. We perceive all companies exporting to EU are related with these Technical Barriers to Trade irrespective of their nationality. So, Our companies fulfill the requirements of EU Commission concerning safety, health, environment etc. Also, Our companies choose market-driven strategy to export more largely than before in the field of marketing and logistics.