Isolation of a Leucoanthocyanidin Dioxygenase (LDOX) Gene from a Spray-type Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema × grandiflorum) and Its Colored Mutants

정성진,이긍주,이혜정,김진백,김동섭,강시용,Chung, Sung-Jin,Lee, Geung-Joo,Lee, Hye-Jung,Kim, Jin-Baek,Kim, Dong-Sub,Kang, Si-Yong Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.5

스프레이 국화 'Argus'의 꽃잎으로부터 $DgLDOX$의 전장 cDNA와 genomic DNA를 분리하였고, 감마선 변이원으로부터 유래된 3가지 화색변이체 사이의 다양한 유전자 특성들을 밝혀냈다. cDNA 영역은 1068bp이고 356 amino acid로 변환되었다. Genomic DNA의 크기는 'Argus'에서 1346bp이었고, 3가지 화색 변이체에서는 1363부터 1374의 크기를 나타내었다. $DgLDOX$ 유전자는 두 개의 엑손 사이에 하나의 인트론을 갖고 있는 구조이고, 그 크기는 'Argus'에서 112bp 이지만 3가지 화색 변이체에서는 128 혹은 137bp였다. 이것은 감마선 조사에 의해 인트론 부분에 유전자가 삽입됐다는 것을 나타낸다. DNA 분석 결과 국화의 게놈 내에서는 하나의 $LDOX$ 유전자를 갖는 것이 확인되었다. $DgLDOX$ 유전자의 발현 정도를 분석한 결과, 연분홍의 'Argus'와 두 개의 보라색 변이체(AM1 and AM3) 에서 높게 발현되었으나 흰색 변이체(AM2)에서는 매우 약하게 발현되었다. 이러한 결과들은 $DgLDOX$ 유전자의 인트론에 삽입된 유전자 조각 혹은 엑손 부위의 일부 아미노산의 변화에 의해서 변이체의 화색이 변할 수 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다. A full-length cDNA and genomic DNA of a $leucoanthocyanidin$ $dioxygenase$ ($DgLDOX$) gene was isolated from the petals of chrysanthemum 'Argus', and comparative features of the gene among three flower color mutants derived from a gamma-ray mutagenesis were characterized. The cDNA coding region of the gene was 1068 bp and was translated into 356 amino acids accordingly. The genomic DNA size was 1346 bp for 'Argus', while three mutants revealed ranges of 1363 to 1374 bp. A single intron between two coding exons for the $DgLDOX$ gene was found, of which size was 112 bp for 'Argus', but 128 or 137 bp for three flower color mutants, indicating that a genomic insertion in the intron occurred during the gamma-ray mutagenesis. DNA blot analysis revealed the $DgLDOX$ gene presenting as a single copy in the chrysanthemum genome. The $DgLDOX$ gene was expressed in both 'Argus' of light-pink color and two purple color mutants (AM1 and AM3) but had very weak expression in only white color mutant (AM2). The results demonstrated that variations in the flower color of the mutants might be associated with changes in the amino acid moieties in the coding exons or fragment insertions in the intron of the $DgLDOX$ gene, which potentially resulted in less expression of the gene in the white colored mutant.

비정형 구조물 해석을 위한 3차원 곡선형 보요소의 개발

정성진,이민섭,박세희,Jung, Sung-Jin,Lee, Min-Sub,Park, Se-Hee 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.8

Recently, a lot of free form buildings, which have irregular structural shape, are constructed frequently in our country. In such buildings, there are many curved beams and columns which have non-prismatic sections occasionally. But, many computer programs commonly used in practice like SAP2000 do not any finite elements available for the structural analysis including these curved members. So, many structural engineers necessarily use the segmented straight-line beam elements for their curved frame members. It makes the inconsistency between analysis model and real structure. Therefore, in this study, a theoretical background of a general curved beam element describing the bent frame member is studied first, then some formulas available in computer programming are derived on the basis of the theoretical background. A computer program, named sNs, was developed using these formulas, and analysis results by sNs are compared with those by some commercial programs and theory.

4변형 평면요소를 컴퓨터 프로그램으로 구현하기 위한 알고리즘

정성진,이민섭,박세희,Jung, Sung-Jin,Lee, Min-Sub,Park, Se-Hee 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.4

Many types of quadrilateral plane element are studied in literatures on FEA and implemented in various computer programs. Field engineers use these elements in their new projects according to the manual which is supplied with the program purchased, such as SAP2000, MIDAS, and so on. However, since these computer programs only present the concept and the way of using the commands and give different results in the same structural analysis model according to the element provided by each program, it is difficult to understand the basic theories and differences between these elements. So, it is necessary to establish the basic theories and the programming techniques in common use to consider these elements. In this study, basic theories for the consideration of quadrilateral plane elements with several degrees of freedom are studied first, where some of possible methods are investigated. On the basis of these theoretical backgrounds, an algorithm available in computer program is derived, which calculates the stiffness matrix of these elements in one process, and then a computer program(sNs) is developed based on the theory and algorithm studied. Lastly, some examples using these computerized elements are performed and the analysis results are compared with other commercial-use structural analysis programs used in field engineering for the verification of its fitness and validity.

모바일 배달 앱 이용의도에 관한 연구: 기술수용모델(TAM)을 적용하여

정성진(Sung-Jin Jung),김학선(Hak-Seon Kim) 한국조리학회 2020 한국조리학회지 Vol.26 No.12

전통목구조해석의 문제점 분석과 개선방안

정성진(Jung, Sung-Jin) 대한건축학회 2017 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.33 No.10

In structure design practical fields, computer programs like MIDAS and SAP2000 etc. are widely used for the evaluation of the structural performance of the Korean traditional wood structures. It is necessary to use a reasonable analysis model and method for the evaluation of the structural performance. Considering the structural characteristics of the Korean traditional wood structures, it is appropriate to analyze lower frame composed of beam-columns and upper frame which is a roof structure separately. Especially, in the analysis including lateral loads like seismic or wind load etc., it seems to be reasonable to analyze lower frame with an assumption of roof frame as a rigid diaphragm. Because connections between columns and beams have very small rotational stiffness, lower frame may be unstable. So, in the structure design practical fields, connections are modelled by using various assumptions and linear analysis is performed mainly. However, irrationality may be included in these assumptions and analysis method unfortunately. Therefore, in this study, problems in the analysis models and methods for the Korean traditional wood structures, used in structure design practical fields, are investigated first, then some improvement plans are proposed on the basis of investigation results. Because the Korean traditional wood structures may have no high lever stabilities, it is necessary to perform geometric nonlinear analysis. So, geometric nonlinear analysis method including P-δ effect is studied.

단일곡률을 갖는 벽요소의 강성행렬식

정성진(Jung Sung-Jin),문정호(Moon Jeong-Ho) 대한건축학회 2007 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.23 No.11

The importance of nonlinear analysis for building structures is more and more increasing recently. In the case of the nonlinear analysis for the shear wall structure system, a macro analytic model with axial spring, shear spring, and bending spring has been used due to economical efficiency and time saving. Although some macro analytic models for shear wall structure are implemented in some computer programs like ETABS, SAP2000, MIDAS, neoMAX-3D, these models are restricted to shallow walls because they have double curvatures. In this study, a method for the transformation of member forces into nodal loads is suggested, and a stiffness matrix based on this transformation method is presented for the analysis of shear wall structure. The stiffness matrix presented in this paper is about a macro analytic model with single curvature. A finite element analysis is performed for the verification of the wall element presented in this paper. Lastly, the results of finite element analysis are compared with theoretical solution and the analysis results using RAM, SAP2000, MIDAS, and neoMAX-3D programs.

단순 휨-축스프링을 이용한 전통목구조물 공포의 해석 모형화

정성진(Jung, Sung-Jin),이민섭(Lee, Min-Sub),박세희(Park, Se-Hee),김석환(Kim, Seok-Hwan) 대한건축학회 2014 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.30 No.1

The Bracket Complexes, the Gong-Po in Korean, has been widely used in many traditional wooden structures, such as temples, places and moonru(Korean Traditional Gate Tower) in Korea. It is usually known that the Gong-Po is used for the load transfer from roof to frame and for the connection and combination between upper structures and lower structures in structural engineering. Thus, it is very important to estimate rationally the behaviors of the Gong-Po and establish a modelling method in commercial structural analysis programs for the reasoning of stability in traditional wooden structures. But, until now, practicing professionals are confused in modelling of the Gong-Po and assigning its structural characteristics in structural analysis of traditional wooden structures because there are not a explicit modelling method applicable to the commercial programs, In this study, basic behaviors of the Gong-Po and material models of timber on other papers are studied first. On the basis of these theoretical backgrounds, a modelling method of the Gong-Po is presented and a calculating method of its longitudinal and rotational stiffness are formulated, depending on the geometric measures and material properties. To estimate if the modelling method proposed is applicable to the Gong-Po in traditional wood structures, we applied this method to the Gong-Po of Heunginjimum and investigate the structural behavior of Heunginjimum using a three-dimensional structural analysis.

전통 목구조물 공포의 축강성 산정방법

정성진 ( Jung Sung Jin ),이민섭 ( Lee Min Sup ),김석환 ( Kim Seok Hwan ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2013 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

전단변형과 단부강역을 고려한 일반보의 절점하중 산정방법

정성진(Jung Sung-Jin),이민섭(Lee Min-Sub),박세희(Park Se-Hee) 대한건축학회 2011 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.27 No.6

There are so many references which show the calculation methods of stiffness or mass matrices considering shear deformation and rigid end offset. However, there are few available materials on the calculation methods of the load vectors considering shear deformation and rigid end offset at one time. So, it is necessary to study on considering shear deformation and rigid end offset for the computer program development. Therefore, in this study, some methods considering shear deformation and rigid end offset are studied first, then some formulas available in case of a computer program development are derived on the basis of studied methods. Unit load method, which can be applied to all cases that shear deformation and rigid end offset are considered, is used for the substitution of bean loads with nodal loads. Derived formulas are compared with the analysis results using SAP2000 for the verification of their accuracy.

지점침하 하중을 구현하기 위한 컴퓨터프로그램의 알고리즘

정성진(Jung Sung-Jin),이재승(Lee Jae-Sung) 대한건축학회 2010 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.26 No.1

It is necessary to consider the support settlements as loads in the structure analysis of building structures or bridge structures. Especially, in the case of a close safety investigation considering deformations or a structure analysis considering support settlements, support settlements should be considered as load conditions. Most of commercial computer programs like sap2000, midas-Gen, and so on, provide this function fortunately. However, since these computer programs only present the concept and the way of using the commands according to each programs, we can not understand the basic theories and programming methods. Also, since consideration of support settlement as load is a kind of programming technique, literatures on FEA do not deal with this subject. So, it is necessary to establish the basic theories and the programming techniques to consider support settlement in structure analysis. This study presents the concept and the programming method considering support settlement as load. Basic theories for the consideration of support settlement are studied first, where some of possible methods are investigated and presented. On the basis of these theoretical backgrounds, theoretically the most reasonable method and an available algorithm is derived, and then a computer program(sNs) is developed based on the theory and algorithm studied. Lastly, a sample analysis is performed to verify the possibility of application of sNs.