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오바마-트럼프 정부의 중동정책과 JCPOA 평가 - 이란과 미국 간 관계 전망 -
정상률 명지대학교(서울캠퍼스) 중동문제연구소 2017 중동문제연구 Vol.16 No.4
After a decade of long negotiations between the E3 / EU + 3 and the Islamic Republic of Iran, the result of the Iranian nuclear negotiations called the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was announced on July 14, 2015. U.S. President Trump, however, criticized the JCPOA during his candidacy, as well as after his election as president and during his visits to Saudi Arabia and Israel, and negatively viewed the relations with the Sharia-based state Iran. He has consistently called the JCPOA ‘stupid,’ ‘a lopsided disgrace,’ ‘the worst deal ever negotiated,’ and ‘the worst contract,’ saying “I have argued that it is necessary to find a provision that can be renegotiated and ‘rip up’ the whole JCPOA.” Why did Trump establish such a foreign policy? At this time, I think that it is necessary to analyze historical understanding of American foreign policy determinants and Trump government’s Middle East policy, especially his Iran policy. In this paper, I apply Callahan’s six foreign policy logics (foreign policy ideology) and eight dimensions of foreign policy to compare the foreign policy of the Obama government and the Trump government, and examine the future policies of the Trump government regarding the JCPOA. Lastly, I will look at the relations between Sharia-based state Iran and the secularized capitalist state U.S.A.
IS의 이슬람법 기반 킬라파제에 대한 비판적 고찰 - 살라피스트 지하디즘 그룹 IS의 폭력성을 중심으로
정상률 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 2018 외법논집 Vol.42 No.2
This article is on the salafist jihadism that directly or indirectly affected the psychological cause of IS(Islamic State) leadership, the cause of power transfer in the Islamic state(Is) construction process and the violence of IS. Zarqawi founded ‘the Group of Monotheism and the Jihad’(Jama’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad) in 1999, and since then, the name of the organization has been changing, and since the name change from ISIS/ISIL to IS on June 29, 2014 and the violence of IS has reached an extreme. In this paper, I confirmed that IS violence is based on the idea of salafist jihadism, and that IS publishing internet journals DABIQ ISSUE and RUMIYAH ISSUE are constantly exposing the salafist jihadism and violence. IS seems to have failed to achieve its goal by using ‘very extreme means of violence’ to build their ultimate goal, Khilafah. The reason for the failure is judged to be the result of indiscriminate violence in the process of Hizrah, Jama’ah, destabilization of taghut, and tamkin, which is the strategic roadmap of IS. 본 논문은 IS 리더쉽의 심리적 원인, 이슬람국가(Is) 건설 과정에서 초래된 세력 전이 원인, 중동 및 세계적 차원의 국가이익 추구라는 국제 구조 등에 직간접적인 영향을 미친 살라피스트 지하디즘과 그 폭력성을 중심으로 논한다. 1999년 자르카위가 창설한 <유일신과 성전그룹>에서 시작하여 조직명이 계속 바뀌어 오다가 2014년 6월 29일 ISIS/ISIL에서 IS로 바뀐 후부터 그 폭력성은 극에 달했다. 본 논문은 IS의 폭력성 기저에는 살라피스트 지하디즘이라는 이념이 있으며, IS가 출판하는 인터넷 저널 인 DABIQ ISSUE와 RUMIYAH ISSUE에 살라피스트 지하디즘과 폭력성을 지속적으로 노출하고 있 음을 확인했다. IS는 자신들의 궁극적 목표인 Khilafah 건설을 위해 ‘매우 극단적인 폭력 수단’을 사 용함으로써 목표 달성에도 실패한 것으로 보인다. 실패 원인은 IS의 전략적 로드맵인 이주, 공동체 형 성, 우상파괴, 병합 과정에서 무차별적 폭력을 자행했기 때문으로 판단된다.